Historical Perspective Flashcards
-HISTORICAL ROOTS WITH CURRENT ISSUES-
Analysis of the past can provide full import of the present comes into focus.
We can gain a sense of meaning and reliability of the present and can lead to some inkling of the future.
Promotes better understanding of CP as a discipline
These people were cited as antecedents of nearly all profession, movement, system of thoughts in Western Society
Hippocrates
Thales
Aristotle
_______ started the roots of modern CP movement that ultimately resulted in improved care for mentally ill.
19th Century
Enumerate all the inhumane treatment of mental patience in the past.
- SHACKLED to the walls of dark, unlighted cells by iron collars wc held them flat against the wall and permitted little movement.
- IRON hoops around the waist, both hands and feet are chained.
- Patients were presumed to be animals food was either good or bad.
- CELLS were furnished with straw and were never swept or cleaned thus they remained in the midst of all accumulated odor.
- No one visited the cell exept during feeding time.
Period where in there are asylum/shrine
16th Century
This was referred as mad house or primary storage for the insane.
Asylum
•MAJOR FIGURES WHO FOSTERED IN THE CP MOVEMENT•
He views Mental patients must be treated with kindness and considerations not as vicious beast or animal.
Philippe Pinel
A french Physician who introduce human care in french asylums
Philippe Pinel
Philippe Pinel’s experiments includes the following:
Removing chains SUNNY ROOMS EXERCISE ON THE HOSPITAL GROUNDS KINDNESS was extended Noise,filth,abused was replaced with peace and order
WILLIAM TUKE
An englishman who devoted himself to the establishment of a model hospital for the humane treatment of the sick and troubled.
ELI TODD
Developed retreat for the mentally ill. He emphasized the role of civilized care, respect and morality. He believed that mental patients can be cured
DOROTHY DIX
Campaign for better facilities, more humane treatment for insane and mentally retarded.
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM SOCIAL FORCES
- Philosophers and writers were proclaiming the dignity and equity to all.
- Government were beginning to respond
- An atmosphere of “knowledge” through experimentation began to prevail.
- A feeling that people can PREDICT, UNDERSTAND, and CONTROL human conditions, which began to replace older wisdom.
Referred as mental health
THE FERMENT/ DEVELOPMENT IN SCIENCE, POLITICS, LITERATURE, GOVERNMENT AND REFORM COMBINED TO PRODUCE THE THE NEW PROFESSION REFERRED AS MENTAL HEALTH.
INHUMANE TREATMENT OF MENTAL PATIENTS IN THE PAST
Give 5
❖ Shackled to the walls. Dark unlighted cells by iron collars, which held them flat against the wall and permitted little movement.
❖ Iron hoops around the waist, both hands and feet are chained.
❖ Patients were presumed to be animals. Food was either bad or good.
❖ Filthy cells thus they remained in the midst of all accumulated odor
❖ No one visited the cell except during feeding time. There was no provision of warmth and even the most elementary gesture of humanity.
CURRENT ISSUES IN CP
The history and dev’t of the field of CP examines the important event in the areas of: DIAGNOSIS AND ASSESSMENT
INTERVENTIONS
PSYCHOTHERAPY
RESEARCH
PROFESSION
• The review helped us to appreciate the roots of CP as well as to put current activities in the appropriate historical context.
• The history and dev’t of the field of CP examines the important event in the areas of:
DIAGNOSIS AND ASSESSMENT INTERVENTIONS PSYCHOTHERAPY RESEARCH PROFESSION
CONTEMPORARY ISSUES:
Give 7
❖ Best training models
❖ Best way to ensure professional competence
❖ Issues about private practice
❖ Maintaining independence and economic variability
❖ Responding to increasing diversity of population
❖ Prescription Privileges
❖ Ethical Standards
What are the various training models
- Produce own research that can contribute to the body of knowledge and consume work/research of others.
- CP is both a scientist and a practitioner with skill and sensitivity on diagnosis, therapy and testing and must have an enormous pleasure of seeing patients.
- Psy.D. is a degree with an emphasis on the dev’t of clinical skills.
COURSEWORK: INCREASED EXPERIENCE IN THERAPY & ASSESSMENT. - Ph.D graduates: more scholarly activities, identified as educators and researchers
professional competence
- Professional regulation protects the public interest by developing explicit standards of CP
- American Board of Professional Psychology (ABPP) offers certification of professional competence:
- Clinical
- Counseling
- Industrial
- School
- Cognitive Neuro
- Forensic
- Health
- Behavioral
*Oral Exams & Case Managements are observed; record of previous cases,
*5 years post doctoral experience before exams from ABPP
*Public can be assured that clinician with ABPP credentials to a careful scrutiny of a panel of peers. - Certifications: cannot offer services for a fee unless they are certified by state board of examiners
*CERTIFICATIONS: review of applicants training and professional experience. It is given to non medical specialty
*LICENSING: stronger form of legislation. It specify the nature of title and training required by defining a specific professional activity that may be offered to the public for a fee.
Private practice
- An increasing trend
- The “good Samaritan” image often appears more concerned with economic priveleges than the welfare of the patient.
- Training clinician doing private practice as a response to the nation’s mental health need.
- Psychotherapy is a form of medical intervention that faded into obscurity and now legally accorded to clinicians and clinical psychologist.
- CP have now become fully independent practioners that could compete in the marketplace on equal terms with psychiatry.
