Historical Lens

Question 1

Krishnan (2009)

Answer 1

1. The author provides definitions and explanation of the concept of academic disciplines.
2. Disciplines are similar to paradigms: they are ways of collecting and organizing knowledge.
3. They involve enforcing rules for behavior, thinking, and language use
4. Disciplines help define what counts as knowledge.
5. Academic disciplines are tribal in the sense that they establish their own cultures and protect limited resources.

Question 2

Krishnan (2009)

Answer 2

The author argues that peer review is a way of policing academic speech. Disciplines help create standards for language use and what counts as knowledge. Academic disciplines are tribes with their own sanctioned behaviors, values, and beliefs.

Question 3

Richardson (2009)

Answer 3

The historical perspective examines causality and the temporal sequence of events.

The historical perspective uses the social context, including politics and social needs.

Historians use narrative

The goal of education is to transmit cultures to new generations.