Historical Figures

Question 1

Sun Tzu (孫子) (544BCE-496BCE)

Answer 1

A Chinese military general, strategist, philosopher, and writer who lived during the Eastern Zhou period (771–256 BC). He is traditionally credited as the author of The Art of War, an influential work of military strategy that has affected both Western and East Asian philosophy and military thought.

Question 2

A Chinese military general, strategist, philosopher, and writer who lived during the Eastern Zhou period (771–256 BC). He is traditionally credited as the author of The Art of War, an influential work of military strategy that has affected both Western and East Asian philosophy and military thought.

Answer 2

Sun Tzu (孫子) (544BCE-496BCE)

Question 3

Socrates (470BCE-399BCE)

Answer 3

Greek philosopher and founder of western philosophy

Question 4

Greek philosopher and founder of western philosophy

Answer 4

Socrates (470BCE-399BCE)

Question 5

Plato (427BCE-347BCE)

Answer 5

Greek philosopher taught by Socates and teacher to Aristotle, founded the Platonic School of Thought and the Platonic Academy

Question 6

Greek philosopher taught by Socates and teacher to Aristotle, founded the Platonic School of Thought and the Platonic Academy

Answer 6

Plato (427BCE-347BCE)

Question 7

Aristotle (384BCE-322BCE)

Answer 7

Taught by Plato, a Greek philosopher and polymath during the classical period of Ancient Greece

Question 8

Taught by Plato, a Greek philosopher and polymath during the classical period of Ancient Greece

Answer 8

Aristotle (384BCE-322BCE)

Question 9

Chuang Zhou [Zhuang Zhu 莊周] (369BCE-286BCE)

Answer 9

An influential Chinese philosopher who lived around the 4th century BCE during the Warring States period, a period of great development in Chinese philosophy, the Hundred Schools of Thought. He is credited with writing—in part or in whole—a work known by his name, the Zhuangzi, which is one of the foundational texts of Taoism.

Question 10

An influential Chinese philosopher who lived around the 4th century BCE during the Warring States period, a period of great development in Chinese philosophy, the Hundred Schools of Thought. He is credited with writing—in part or in whole—a work known by his name, the Zhuangzi, which is one of the foundational texts of Taoism.

Answer 10

Chuang Zhou [Zhuang Zhu 莊周] (369BCE-286BCE)

Question 11

Alexander III of Macedon [Alexander the Great] (356BCE-323BCE)

Answer 11

The king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. He succeeded his father Philip II to the throne in 336 BC at the age of 20, and spent most of his ruling years conducting a lengthy military campaign throughout Western Asia and Egypt. By the age of 30, he had created one of the largest empires in history, stretching from Greece to northwestern India. He was undefeated in battle and is widely considered to be one of history’s greatest and most successful military commanders.

Question 12

The king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. He succeeded his father Philip II to the throne in 336 BC at the age of 20, and spent most of his ruling years conducting a lengthy military campaign throughout Western Asia and Egypt. By the age of 30, he had created one of the largest empires in history, stretching from Greece to northwestern India. He was undefeated in battle and is widely considered to be one of history’s greatest and most successful military commanders.

Answer 12

Alexander III of Macedon [Alexander the Great] (356BCE-323BCE)

Question 13

Gaius Julius Caesar (100BCE-44BCE)

Answer 13

Roman general, statesman, and dictator and a member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, and subsequently became dictator from 49 BC until his assassination in 44 BC.

Question 14

Roman general, statesman, and dictator and a member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, and subsequently became dictator from 49 BC until his assassination in 44 BC.

Answer 14

Gaius Julius Caesar (100BCE-44BCE)

Question 15

Martin Luther King Jr. (1929-1968)

Answer 15

An American Baptist minister, activist, and political philosopher who was one of the most prominent leaders in the civil rights movement from 1955 until his assassination in 1968.

Question 16

An American Baptist minister, activist, and political philosopher who was one of the most prominent leaders in the civil rights movement from 1955 until his assassination in 1968.

Answer 16

Martin Luther King Jr. (1929-1968)

Question 17

Cleopatra VII Philopator (69BCE-30BCE)

Answer 17

The last active leader of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt before it become a province of the Roman Empire

Question 18

The last active leader of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt before it become a province of the Roman Empire

Answer 18

Cleopatra VII Philopator (69BCE-30BCE)

Question 19

Attila [Attila the Hun] (406-453)

Answer 19

The ruler of the Huns from 434 until his death in March 453. He was also the leader of an empire consisting of Huns, Ostrogoths, Alans, and Bulgars, among others, in Central and Eastern Europe.

Question 20

The ruler of the Huns from 434 until his death in March 453. He was also the leader of an empire consisting of Huns, Ostrogoths, Alans, and Bulgars, among others, in Central and Eastern Europe.

Answer 20

Attila [Attila the Hun] (406-453)

Question 21

Muhammad ibn Abdullah (570-632)

Answer 21

Arab religious and political leader and founder of the religion of Islam

Question 22

Arab religious and political leader and founder of the religion of Islam

Answer 22

Muhammad ibn Abdullah (570-632)

Question 23

William Wallace (1270-1305)

Answer 23

A Scottish knight who became one of the main leaders during the First War of Scottish Independence.

Question 24

A Scottish knight who became one of the main leaders during the First War of Scottish Independence.

Answer 24

William Wallace (1270-1305)

Question 25

Joan of Arc (1412- 1431)

Answer 25

A patron saint of France, honored as a defender of the French nation for her role in the siege of Orléans and her insistence on the coronation of Charles VII of France during the Hundred Years' War. Claiming to be acting under divine guidance, she became a military leader who transcended gender roles and gained recognition as a savior of France.

Question 26

A patron saint of France, honored as a defender of the French nation for her role in the siege of Orléans and her insistence on the coronation of Charles VII of France during the Hundred Years' War. Claiming to be acting under divine guidance, she became a military leader who transcended gender roles and gained recognition as a savior of France.

Answer 26

Joan of Arc (1412- 1431)

Question 27

Vlad III [Vlad the Impaler] (1431-1476)

Answer 27

He was Voivode of Wallachia three times between 1448 to his death in 1476. He is often considered one of the most important rulers in Wallachian history and a national hero of Romania. From burning the old and sick alive to impailing tens of thousands of enemy soldiers, his bloodlust and cruelty was said to have inspired the most famous vampire of literature.

Question 28

He was Voivode of Wallachia three times between 1448 to his death in 1476. He is often considered one of the most important rulers in Wallachian history and a national hero of Romania. From burning the old and sick alive to impailing tens of thousands of enemy soldiers, his bloodlust and cruelty was said to have inspired the most famous vampire of literature.

Answer 28

Vlad III [Vlad the Impaler] (1431-1476)

Question 29

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)

Answer 29

Italian Renaissance polymath who was active as a painter, draughtsman, engineer, scientist, theorist, sculptor, and architect.

Question 30

Italian Renaissance polymath who was active as a painter, draughtsman, engineer, scientist, theorist, sculptor, and architect.

Answer 30

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)

Question 31

Michelangelo (1475-1564)

Answer 31

An Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet of the High Renaissance. He is best known for his ceiling frescoes in the Sistine Chapel, including Scenes from Genesis and The Last Judgment. His work is praised for its artistic realism and anatomical detail.

Question 32

An Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet of the High Renaissance. He is best known for his ceiling frescoes in the Sistine Chapel, including Scenes from Genesis and The Last Judgment. His work is praised for its artistic realism and anatomical detail.

Answer 32

Michelangelo (1475-1564)

Question 33

William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

Answer 33

An English playwright, poet and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon"

Question 34

An English playwright, poet and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon"

Answer 34

William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

Question 35

Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)

Answer 35

An American polymath who was active as a writer, scientist, inventor, statesman, diplomat, printer, publisher, and political philosopher and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, a drafter and signer of the Declaration of Independence, and the first Postmaster General.

Question 36

An American polymath who was active as a writer, scientist, inventor, statesman, diplomat, printer, publisher, and political philosopher and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, a drafter and signer of the Declaration of Independence, and the first Postmaster General.

Answer 36

Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)

Question 37

Ray Charles (1930-2004)

Answer 37

An American singer, songwriter, and pianist. He is regarded as one of the most iconic and influential musicians in history, and was often referred to by contemporaries as "The Genius". Among friends and fellow musicians, he preferred being called "Brother Ray".

Question 38

An American singer, songwriter, and pianist. He is regarded as one of the most iconic and influential musicians in history, and was often referred to by contemporaries as "The Genius". Among friends and fellow musicians, he preferred being called "Brother Ray".

Answer 38

Ray Charles (1930-2004)

Question 39

Immanuel Kant (1724-1804)

Answer 39

German philosopher and a central enlightenment thinker. His systematic work in ethics, aesthetics, epistemology, and metaphysics significantly influenced Western philosophy, particularly idealism and Kantianism. He was a strong advocate for human autonomy, the idea that humans can discover and follow basic principles of action and knowledge without external help.

Question 40

German philosopher and a central enlightenment thinker. His systematic work in ethics, aesthetics, epistemology, and metaphysics significantly influenced Western philosophy, particularly idealism and Kantianism. He was a strong advocate for human autonomy, the idea that humans can discover and follow basic principles of action and knowledge without external help.

Answer 40

Immanuel Kant (1724-1804)

Question 41

George Washington (1732-1799)

Answer 41

A Founding Father and the first president of the United States, serving from 1789 to 1797. As commander of the Continental Army, he led Patriot forces to victory in the American Revolutionary War against the British Empire.

Question 42

A Founding Father and the first president of the United States, serving from 1789 to 1797. As commander of the Continental Army, he led Patriot forces to victory in the American Revolutionary War against the British Empire.

Answer 42

George Washington (1732-1799)

Question 43

King Kamehameha (1734-1819)

Answer 43

The Conqueror and first ruler of Hawai`i

Question 44

The Conqueror and first ruler of Hawai`i

Answer 44

King Kamehameha (1734-1819)

Question 45

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791)

Answer 45

A prolific and influential composer of the Classical period. Despite his short life, his rapid pace of composition resulted in more than 800 works of virtually every Western classical genre of his time.

Question 46

A prolific and influential composer of the Classical period. Despite his short life, his rapid pace of composition resulted in more than 800 works of virtually every Western classical genre of his time.

Answer 46

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791)

Question 47

Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821)

Answer 47

A French general and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led a series of military campaigns across Europe during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars from 1796 to 1815.

Question 48

A French general and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led a series of military campaigns across Europe during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars from 1796 to 1815.

Answer 48

Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821)

Question 49

Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827)

Answer 49

A German composer and pianist. He remains one of the most admired composers in the history of Western music.

Question 50

A German composer and pianist. He remains one of the most admired composers in the history of Western music.

Answer 50

Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827)

Question 51

Shaka kaSenzangakhona [Shaka Zulu] (1787-1828)

Answer 51

One of the most influential monarchs of the Zulu, he ordered wide-reaching reforms that re-organized the military into a formidable force.

Question 52

One of the most influential monarchs of the Zulu, he ordered wide-reaching reforms that re-organized the military into a formidable force.

Answer 52

Shaka kaSenzangakhona [Shaka Zulu] (1787-1828)

Question 53

Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865)

Answer 53

16th President of the United States, and signer of the emancipation proclamation

Question 54

16th President of the United States, and signer of the emancipation proclamation

Answer 54

Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865)

Question 55

Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849)

Answer 55

An American writer, poet, editor, and literary critic who is best known for his poetry and short stories, particularly his tales of mystery and the macabre. He is widely regarded as a central figure of Romanticism in the United States, and of American literature.

Question 56

An American writer, poet, editor, and literary critic who is best known for his poetry and short stories, particularly his tales of mystery and the macabre. He is widely regarded as a central figure of Romanticism in the United States, and of American literature.

Answer 56

Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849)

Question 57

Lydia Lili`u Loloku Walania Kamake`eha [Queen Lili`uokalani] (1838-1917)

Answer 57

The only queen regnant and the last sovereign monarch of the Hawaiian Kingdom

Question 58

The only queen regnant and the last sovereign monarch of the Hawaiian Kingdom

Answer 58

Lydia Lili`u Loloku Walania Kamake`eha [Queen Lili`uokalani] (1838-1917)

Question 59

Jesse James (1847-1882)

Answer 59

An American outlaw, bank and train robber, guerrilla and leader of the James-Younger Gang.

Question 60

An American outlaw, bank and train robber, guerrilla and leader of the James-Younger Gang.

Answer 60

Jesse James (1847-1882)

Question 61

Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890)

Answer 61

A Dutch Post-Impressionist painter who posthumously became one of the most famous and influential figures in Western art history.

Question 62

A Dutch Post-Impressionist painter who posthumously became one of the most famous and influential figures in Western art history.

Answer 62

Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890)

Question 63

Mahatma Gandhi (1869-1948)

Answer 63

Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist, and political ethicist

Question 64

Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist, and political ethicist

Answer 64

Mahatma Gandhi (1869-1948)

Question 65

Winston Churchill (1874-1965)

Answer 65

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom during World War 2

Question 66

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom during World War 2

Answer 66

Winston Churchill (1874-1965)

Question 67

Albert Einstein (1879-1955)

Answer 67

German physicist who developed the theory of relativity and made contributions to the theory of quantum mechanics

Question 68

German physicist who developed the theory of relativity and made contributions to the theory of quantum mechanics

Answer 68

Albert Einstein (1879-1955)

Question 69

Jimi Hendrix (1942-1970)

Answer 69

An American guitarist, songwriter and singer. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest and most influential guitarists of all time. Inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1992 as a part of his band, the Jimi Hendrix Experience, the institution describes him as "arguably the greatest instrumentalist in the history of rock music."

Question 70

An American guitarist, songwriter and singer. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest and most influential guitarists of all time. Inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1992 as a part of his band, the Jimi Hendrix Experience, the institution describes him as "arguably the greatest instrumentalist in the history of rock music."

Answer 70

Jimi Hendrix (1942-1970)

Question 71

Pablo Picasso (1881-1973)

Answer 71

A Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist and theatre designer and one of the most influential artists of the 20th century, he is known for co-founding the Cubist movement.

Question 72

A Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist and theatre designer and one of the most influential artists of the 20th century, he is known for co-founding the Cubist movement.

Answer 72

Pablo Picasso (1881-1973)

Question 73

Alfred Hitchcock (1899- 1980)

Answer 73

An English filmmaker widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in the history of cinema

Question 74

An English filmmaker widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in the history of cinema

Answer 74

Alfred Hitchcock (1899- 1980)

Question 75

Al Capone (1899- 1947)

Answer 75

Also known by the nickname "Scarface", He was an American gangster and businessman who attained notoriety during the Prohibition era as the co-founder and boss of the Chicago Outfit from 1925 to 1931. His seven-year reign as a crime boss ended when he went to prison at the age of 33.

Question 76

Also known by the nickname "Scarface", He was an American gangster and businessman who attained notoriety during the Prohibition era as the co-founder and boss of the Chicago Outfit from 1925 to 1931. His seven-year reign as a crime boss ended when he went to prison at the age of 33.

Answer 76

Al Capone (1899- 1947)

Question 77

Mother Mary Teresa Bojaxhiu (1910-1996)

Answer 77

Albanian-Indian Roman Catholic nun and founder of the Missionaries of Charity

Question 78

Albanian-Indian Roman Catholic nun and founder of the Missionaries of Charity

Answer 78

Mother Mary Teresa Bojaxhiu (1910-1996)

Question 79

Nelson Mandela (1918-2013)

Answer 79

South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and former South African President

Question 80

South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and former South African President

Answer 80

Nelson Mandela (1918-2013)

Question 81

Marlon Brando (1924-2004)

Answer 81

Considered one of the greatest actors of the 20th Century and pioneer of Method Acting in Hollywood

Question 82

Considered one of the greatest actors of the 20th Century and pioneer of Method Acting in Hollywood

Answer 82

Marlon Brando (1924-2004)

Question 83

Stanley Kubrick (1928-1999)

Answer 83

An American film director, producer and screenwriter. Widely considered one of the greatest filmmakers of all time, his films cover a wide range of genres and feature innovative cinematography, dark humor, realistic attention to detail and extensive set designs.

Question 84

An American film director, producer and screenwriter. Widely considered one of the greatest filmmakers of all time, his films cover a wide range of genres and feature innovative cinematography, dark humor, realistic attention to detail and extensive set designs.

Answer 84

Stanley Kubrick (1928-1999)

Question 85

Audrey Hepburn (1929-1993)

Answer 85

A British actress and humanitarian. Recognized as a film and fashion Icon.

Question 86

A British actress and humanitarian. Recognized as a film and fashion Icon.

Answer 86

Audrey Hepburn (1929-1993)

Question 87

Elvis Presley (1935-1977)

Answer 87

An American singer and actor. Known as the "King of Rock and Roll" , he is regarded as one of the most significant cultural figures of the 20th century

Question 88

An American singer and actor. Known as the "King of Rock and Roll" , he is regarded as one of the most significant cultural figures of the 20th century

Answer 88

Elvis Presley (1935-1977)

Question 89

Saddam Hussein (1937-2006)

Answer 89

An Iraqi politician and revolutionary who served as the fifth president of Iraq from 1979 to 2003. He also served as prime minister of Iraq from 1979 to 1991 and later from 1994 to 2003.

Question 90

An Iraqi politician and revolutionary who served as the fifth president of Iraq from 1979 to 2003. He also served as prime minister of Iraq from 1979 to 1991 and later from 1994 to 2003.

Answer 90

Saddam Hussein (1937-2006)

Question 91

Bruce Lee (1940-1973)

Answer 91

A Hong Kong-American martial artist and actor. He was the founder of Jeet Kune Do, a hybrid martial arts philosophy drawing from different combat disciplines.

Question 92

A Hong Kong-American martial artist and actor. He was the founder of Jeet Kune Do, a hybrid martial arts philosophy drawing from different combat disciplines.

Answer 92

Bruce Lee (1940-1973)

Question 93

William the Conqueror (1028-1087)

Answer 93

Following his acquisition of the English throne in 1066, he founded a mighty Anglo-Norman kingdom. The Conqueror commissioned The Domesday Book, an extensive census of the country's populace and assets, and initiated the construction of numerous structures, including the Tower of London, built from Caen stone.

Question 94

Following his acquisition of the English throne in 1066, he founded a mighty Anglo-Norman kingdom. The Conqueror commissioned The Domesday Book, an extensive census of the country's populace and assets, and initiated the construction of numerous structures, including the Tower of London, built from Caen stone.

Answer 94

William the Conqueror (1028-1087)

Question 95

John Lennon (1940-1980)

Answer 95

An English singer, songwriter, musician and peace activist who achieved worldwide fame as founder, co-songwriter, co-lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of The Beatles

Question 96

An English singer, songwriter, musician and peace activist who achieved worldwide fame as founder, co-songwriter, co-lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of The Beatles

Answer 96

John Lennon (1940-1980)

Question 97

Muhammad Ali [Cassius Clay Jr.] (1942-2016)

Answer 97

An American professional boxer and activist. Nicknamed "The Greatest", he is regarded as the greatest heavyweight boxer of all time and was named "Sportsman of the Century" by Sports Illustrated

Question 98

An American professional boxer and activist. Nicknamed "The Greatest", he is regarded as the greatest heavyweight boxer of all time and was named "Sportsman of the Century" by Sports Illustrated

Answer 98

Muhammad Ali [Cassius Clay Jr.] (1942-2016)

Question 99

Stephen Hawking (1942-2018)

Answer 99

An English theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and author. He was the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge, widely viewed as one of the most prestigious academic posts in the world.

Question 100

An English theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and author. He was the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge, widely viewed as one of the most prestigious academic posts in the world.

Answer 100

Stephen Hawking (1942-2018)

Question 101

Freddie Mercury [Farrokh Bulsara] (1946-1991)

Answer 101

A British singer and songwriter who achieved worldwide fame as the lead vocalist and pianist of the rock band Queen. Regarded as one of the greatest singers in the history of rock music, he was known for his flamboyant stage persona and four-octave vocal range.

Question 102

A British singer and songwriter who achieved worldwide fame as the lead vocalist and pianist of the rock band Queen. Regarded as one of the greatest singers in the history of rock music, he was known for his flamboyant stage persona and four-octave vocal range.

Answer 102

Freddie Mercury [Farrokh Bulsara] (1946-1991)