historical changes to the availability of food

Question 1

what did the aboriginals diet consist of ?

Answer 1

• Native bush tucker harvested from the land
• Meats, plants, insects, seafood
• Kangaroos, bush turkeys. snakes, grubs, fish, fruits and seeds e.g. kakadu plum

Question 2

Desrcibe the arrival of the European settlers

Answer 2

in 1788, the european settlers arrived. They rejected boosh tucker, lacked knowledge of the indiegenous poeples and did not know what native flora and fauna was edible. The only bought basic british food staples such as flour, sugar, butter, rice, pork and beef.

Question 3

Who were the migrants that arrived in 1793 (chose to migrate here by choice) and what did their diet consist of?

Answer 3

british irish and scotish immigrants:
- mainly meat heavy dishes with 3 vegetables
- desert of pudding or tea

Question 4

What impact did the gold rush have on Australia?

Answer 4

The gold rush battracted thousands of chinese immigrants who:
- established markets around the digging holes –> became more profitable than digging for gold

Question 5

What did the white australia policy do

Answer 5

• stopped immigration from neighbouring asian countries
• impacted the multicultural influence of food
• increased European cuisines influence

Question 6

what is the European influx

Answer 6

A period between the 1920s and 1930s where there was an increase in migration from Europeans (italians and greeks)
- Italians - opened coffee shops, brought coffee bean blends
- Greeks - opened fish and chip cafes

Question 7

How did the great depression (economic depression) influence food availability?

Answer 7

• The aus government placed importation tarrifs to protect aus food industry
  —> this caused many overseas countries to move to aus to manufacture their goods e.g. heinz and coca cola

Question 8

Who came after WW2?

Answer 8

2 million people –> suffered in war so migrated to aus because aus slogan was “populate or perish”
- greeks, italians, germans, americans, irish, russians

Question 9

Why did the vietnamese and lebanese arrive after the white Australia policy?

Answer 9

• vietnam war - displaced refugees had to settle in aus
• lebanon civil war –> australias largest lebanese influx

Question 10

Define the term “Refugee”

Answer 10

A person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape, war, persecution or natural disaster

Question 11

what did aboriginal/torres strait island women gather for their families?

Answer 11

• plant foods
• small animals
• grasses
• seeds
• fruits and berries
• eggs

Question 12

what did the men hunters bring back for their families after hunting?

Answer 12

• kangaroos
• emus
• birds
• mammals
• reptiles
• fish

Question 13

How are native plants used now in Australia?

Answer 13

Used for flavour and texture rather that nutrition (aboriginals ate them only for their immediate needs)

Question 14

What is an example of Native foods being used today?

Answer 14

Kylie Kwong uses indigenous ingredients into her contemporary asian dishes. She simply substitutes the original ingredients for native ingredients. E.g. she uses the Davidson plum in her duck dishes, quandongs in her jams.

Question 15

define “food security”

Answer 15

Food security refers to when all people, at all times, have PHYSICAL
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC ACCESS to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets their food preferences and dietary needs for an active and healthy life.

Question 16

What are the 4 dimensions of Food security. give a short explanation of each

Answer 16

Availability - sufficient quantities of appropriate food is available
Access - people have adequate income or other resources to access appropriate food
Stability - The availability of food at all times and being certain that it won’t be curtailed by any hindrance (negative way)
Utlisation - when people utilise food properly through storing and processing practises, having sufficient knowledge of where they apply nutritional, sanitation, socio cultural and spiritual parameters of food.

Question 17

Define Staple Foods

Answer 17

An animal or plant source that is readily available throughout the year and is a main part of a country’s diet.

Question 18

Define wheat products as a staple food

Answer 18

• used in so many countries because of its special protein properties - gluten
• can be used to feed animals

Question 19

Define rice as a staple food

Answer 19

• principal crop in asia
• staple food for 1/2 the worlds population
• Very versatile

Question 20

Define corn as a staple food

Answer 20

• Popular because of its high yield
• People who rely on it as a main source of protein can risk protein and niacin deficiencies. the disease pellagra can developed. Symptoms include diarrhoea, weakness, and mental confusion

Question 21

Define potato as a staple food

Answer 21

• Lots of potato variety
• Rich soil and cool climate is particularly suited to their cultivation

Question 22

Define legumes as a staple food

Answer 22

• plants that have edible seeds within a pod e.g. beans, peas, lentils and peanuts
• excellent protein source
• useful in countries which have high populations to feed

Question 23

Define animal staple foods

Answer 23

• Animal staple foods provide many other valuable resources such as milk, eggs, wool and fuel.
• obtaining protein from animal sources is inefficient –> waste of valuable farming land as well and human and non human energy
• different meats are associated with difference cultures

Question 24

define social justice in relation to food consumption

Answer 24

Social justice is the fair and equal access to food goods and services irrespective of discriminatory ideas such as
- gender
- race
- socio-economic status
- stereotypes

Question 25

what is social justice

Answer 25

the view based on human rights that believes all people in society should be provided with the opportunity for equal and fair economic, political and social opportunities.

Question 26

what do developing countries have less of?

Answer 26

• technological advancements
• strong economies
• secure financial systems
• GDP
• standard of living