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Indian Polity > Historical Background > Flashcards

Historical Background Flashcards

1
Q

The British EIC obtained the diwani of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa in?

A

1765

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2
Q

Who granted the Diwani over Bengal, Bihar and Orissa to the company?

A

Mughal Emperor Shah Alam 2

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3
Q

What is the diwani?

A

rights over revenue ans civil justice

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4
Q

Which act was the first step taken by the British Government to control and regulate the affairs of the EIC in India?

A

Regulating Act of 1773

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5
Q

The Regulating Act of 1773 recognised which functions of the company?

A

Political and administrative

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6
Q

Which act laid the foundations of central administration in India?

A

Regulating Act of 1773

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7
Q

The Regulating Act of 1773 designated the Governor of Bengal as the?

A

Governor-General of Bengal

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8
Q

The Regulating Act of 1773 created an Executive council of ___ members to assist the Governor-General.

A

4

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9
Q

The First Governor-General of Bengal was?

A

Lord Warren Hastings

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10
Q

The Governors of Madras and Bombay were made subordinate to the Governor-General of Bengal under which Act?

A

Regulating Act of 1773

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11
Q

Which Act provided for the establishment of a Supreme Court in Calcutta?

A

Regulating Act of 1773

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12
Q

Which Act was also known as the Act of Settlement?

A

Amending Act of 1781

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13
Q

Which Act distinguished between the commercial and political functions of the company?

A

Pitt’s India Act of 1784

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14
Q

Under the Pitt’s India Act, the Court of Directors were supposed to?

A

Manage the commercial affairs of the company

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15
Q

Which body was supposed to manage the political affairs of the company under the Pitt’s India Act of 1784?

A

The Board of Control

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16
Q

The Pitt’s India Act of 1784 established a system of ______ government.

A

Double

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17
Q

In the Pitt’s India Act, the company’s possessions in India were for the first time called?

A

British Possessions in India

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18
Q

Which Act was the final step towards centralisation in India?

A

Charter Act of 1833

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19
Q

The Governor-General of Bengal was redesignated as the Governor-General of India under which Act?

A

Charter Act of 1833

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20
Q

Which Act created for the first time, a GOI, having control over the entire British-India?

A

Charter Act of 1833

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21
Q

The Charter Act of 1833 vested in the Governor-General of India, all ______ and ______ powers.

A

civil, military

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22
Q

Who was the first Governor-General of India?

A

Lord William Bentinck

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23
Q

Which Act deprived the Governors of Madras and Bombay legislative powers?

A

Charter Act of 1833

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24
Q

Laws made under acts prior to the ______ were called Regulations.

A

Charter Act of 1833

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25
Q

Laws made under which act were called Acts?

A

Charter Act of 1833

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26
Q

Which Act ended the activities of the EIC as a commercial body?

A

Charter Act of 1833

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27
Q

Which act made the EIC a purely administrative body?

A

Charter Act of 1833

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28
Q

Which Act attempted to introduce a system of open competition for selection of civil servants?

A

Charter Act of 1833

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29
Q

Which Act separated the legislative and executive powers of the Governor-General of India?

A

Charter Act of 1853

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30
Q

Which Act established the Central Legislative Council?

A

Charter Act of 1853

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31
Q

Legislation was for the first time treated as a special function of the government under?

A

The Charter Act of 1853

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32
Q

The Civil Services were introduced to Indians under?

A

The Charter Act of 1853

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33
Q

Who headed the committee on Indian Civil Services?

A

Lord Macaulay

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34
Q

Macaulay Committee was appointed in which year?

A

1854

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35
Q

Local representation in the Central Legislative Council was introduced through which Act?

A

Charter Act of 1854

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36
Q

Which Act created the office of the Secretary of State?

A

GOI Act, 1858

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37
Q

Who was vested with complete authority and control over Indian administration under the GOI Act, 1858?

A

Secretary of State

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38
Q

The Secretary of State was a member of?

A

British Cabinet

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39
Q

The Secretary of State was ultimately responsible for?

A

British Parliament

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40
Q

The Secretary of State was assisted by?

A

The Council of India

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41
Q

The Council of India under the GOI Act, 1858 contained ___ members and was composed exclusively of ______

A

15, British

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42
Q

The Council of India was an ______ body

A

advisory

43
Q

The administration of the country under the GOI Act of 1858, was?

A

unitary and rigidly centralized

44
Q

Which Act changed the designation of the Governor-General of India to the Viceroy of India?

A

GOI Act, 1858

45
Q

Who was the direct representative of the British Crown in India?

A

Viceroy

46
Q

Who was the first Viceroy of India?

A

Lord Canning

47
Q

The Viceroy was responsible to the?

A

Secretary of State

48
Q

There was no separation of powers - civil and military, executive and legislative powers were vested jn the Viceroy under the?

A

GOI Act, 1858

49
Q

Under which Act were non-official members introduced into the Viceroy’s Legislative Council?

A

Council Act of 1861

50
Q

The non-official members were nominated by the Viceroy under?

A

The Indian Councils Act, 1861

51
Q

Who were nominated by Lord Canning as non-official members to his Legislative Council?

A

Raja of Banaras, Maharaja of Patiala, and Sir Dinkar Rao

52
Q

What legislative powers were reserved to the Viceroy under the Councils Act of 1861?

A

prior sanction, veto after the bill was passed, ordinance making power

53
Q

The Legislative powers of the Bombay and Madras Presidencies were restored under the?

A

Councils Act of 1861

54
Q

The process of decentralization was initiated by?

A

The Councils Act of 1861

55
Q

The Legislative Councils for Bengal, NWFP and Punjab were established under?

A

The Councils Act of 1861

56
Q

The Legislative Council of Bengal was established in?

A

1862

57
Q

The Legislative Council of NWFP was established in?

A

1866

58
Q

The portfolio system was introduced by _____.

A

Lord Canning in 1859

59
Q

Under the Councils Act of 1892, the non-official members of the Central Legislative Council were to be nominated by?

A

Bengal Chamber of Commerce and Provincial Legislative Councils

60
Q

Under the Councils Act of 1892, the non-official members of the Provincial Legislative Councils were to be nominated by?

A

Local bodies like universities, district boards, municipalities

61
Q

Which Act gave to the legislative councils the power of discussing the budget and addressing questions to the executive?

A

The Councils Act of 1892

62
Q

Which Act made an indirect provision for the use of elections ib filling up some of the non-official seats?

A

The Councils Act of 1892

63
Q

The first attempt at introducing a representative and popular element was made by the ______

A

Morley-Minto Reforms

64
Q

Lord Morley was the?

A

Secretary of State

65
Q

Lord Minto was the?

A

Viceroy of India

66
Q

The Morley-Minto Reforms were implemented by which Act?

A

Indian Councils Act, 1909

67
Q

The Official majority in the Provincial Legislative Councils was removed under the?

A

Indian Councils Act, 1909

68
Q

Elected Non-official members were introduced under the?

A

Indian Councils Act, 1909

69
Q

Under the Indian Councils Act of 1909, the official majority in the Central Legislative Council was gone. True or False.

A

False. It was maintained.

70
Q

Functions like supplementary questions, moving resolutions under the Budget were given to the Legislative Councils under the?

A

Indian Councils Act, 1909

71
Q

Association of Indians with the Executive Councils of Viceroys and Governors was provided for by the?

A

Indian Councils Act, 1909

72
Q

Who was the first Indian to join the Viceroy’s Executive Council?

A

Satyendra Prasad Sinha

73
Q

Which Act introduced a system of Communal representation for muslims?

A

Indian Councils Act, 1909

74
Q

Who came to be known as the Father of the Communal Electorate?

A

Lord Minto

75
Q

Which report led to the enactment of the GOI Act, 1919?

A

Montagu-Chelmsford Report

76
Q

The British Government declared that its aim was the introduction of responsible government in India in which year?

A

1917

77
Q

Lord Montagu was the?

A

Secretary of State

78
Q

Lord Chelmsford was the?

A

Viceroy

79
Q

The system of Dyarchy was introduced in the provinces under the?

A

GOI Act, 1919

80
Q

Subjects of administration were divided into _____ and ______ under the GOI Act, 1919

A

Central and Provincial

81
Q

Under the GOI Act, 1919, the Provincial subjects were subdivided into?

A

Transferred and Reserved Subjects

82
Q

The ______ subjects were to be adminstered by the governor with the aid of the ministers responsible to the legislative council under the GOI Act, 1919.

A

transferred

83
Q

The foundation of responsible government was laid in the narrow sphere of _____

A

transferred subjects

84
Q

The ________ subjects were to be adminstered by the Governor and his executive council without any responsibility to the legislative council.

A

reserved

85
Q

The provincial budgets were separated from the central budget under the?

A

GOI Act, 1919

86
Q

Under the GOI Act, 1919, the provinces got power from the centre by way of?

A

delegation

87
Q

Under the GOI Act,1919, the control of the Viceroy over provincial legislation was retained by

A

laying down that a provincial bill, though assented to by the Governor, would not become a law unless also assented to by the Viceroy

88
Q

Under the GOI Act of 1919, franchise was granted to a limited number of people on thr basis of?

A

property, tax or education

89
Q

Which act provided for the establishment of a Public Service Commission?

A

GOI Act of 1919

90
Q

The Central Public Service Commission was set up in ______ for recruiting civil servants.

A

1926

91
Q

The Simon Commission was appointed by the British government in?

A

1927

92
Q

What were the objectives of the Simon Commission?

A

to report on the working of the GOI and to announce that dominion status was the goal of Indian political developments

93
Q

The Simon Commission submitted its report in?

A

1930

94
Q

By whom and when was the Communal Award announced?

A

Ramsay McDonald, the British Prime Minister, in 1932

95
Q

The Communal Award extended the scheme of separate electorates to the?

A

Depressed Classes

96
Q

Federal Autonomy was prescribed by the?

A

GOI Act,1935

97
Q

It was _______ for the princely states to join the federation under the GOI Act of 1935

A

optional

98
Q

Provincial Autonomy came into effect in ______ and was discontinued in ______

A

April 1937, 1939

99
Q

Which Act abolished dyarchy in the provinces?

A

GOI Act of 1935

100
Q

Dyarchy at the Centre was introduced under the?

A

GOI Act of 1935

101
Q

Bicameral Legislatures were introduced at the central and provincial levels by the?

A

GOI Act of 1935

102
Q

List the six provinces where bicameralism was introduced under the GOI Act of 1935

A

Assam, Bengal, Bihar, Bombay, Madras and United Provinces

103
Q

Which Act abolished the Council of India?

A

GOI Act of 1935

104
Q

Which Act provided for the establishment of a Federal Court?

A

GOI Act of 1935

Indian Polity (5 decks)

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