Historical Background

Question 0

the wife of the British ambassador to Constantinople, observed the positive effects of variolation on the native population and had the technique performed on her own children

Answer 0

Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, 1718

Question 1

Smallpox vaccination

Answer 1

Edward Jenner, 1798

Question 2

Phagocytosis

Answer 2

Ernst Haeckel, 1962

Question 3

Live, attenuated chicken cholera and anthrax vaccines

Answer 3

Louis Pasteur, 1880-1881

Question 4

Humoral theory of Immunity proposed

Answer 4

Emil Von Behring & Shibasaburo Kitasata, 1890

Question 5

Cellular theory of immunity through phagocytosis

Answer 5

Elie Metchnikoff, 1883-1905

Question 6

Therapeutic vaccination, first report of live attenuated vaccine

Answer 6

Louis Pasteur, 1885

Question 7

Demonstration of cutaneous (delayed type) hypersensitivity

Answer 7

Robert Koch, 1891

Question 8

Antibody formation theory

Answer 8

Paul Ehrlich, 1900

Question 9

Immediate hypersensitivity anaphylaxis

Answer 9

Paul Portier & Charles Richet, 1902

Question 10

Arthus reaction of intermediate hypersensitivity

Answer 10

Maurice Arthus, 1903

Question 11

Hypothesis of antigen antibody binding

Answer 11

John Marrack, 1938

Question 12

Hypothesis of allograft rejection

Answer 12

Peter Medawar, 1944

Question 13

Development of polio vaccine

Answer 13

Salk & Sabin, 1949

Question 14

Vaccine against yellow fever

Answer 14

Reed, 1951

Question 15

Graft versus host reaction

Answer 15

Morton Simonsen & WJ Dempster, 1953

Question 16

Clonal selection theory

Answer 16

Frank Macfarlane Burnet, 1957

Question 17

Interferon

Answer 17

Alick Isaacs & Jean Lindermann, 1957

Question 18

Human leukocyte antigen

Answer 18

Jean Dausset & George Snell, 1958-1962

Question 19

T cell and B cell cooperation in immune response

Answer 19

Anthony Davis, 1964-1968

Question 20

Identification if the antibody molecule (Year only)

Answer 20

1972

Question 21

First monoclonal antibodies

Answer 21

Georges Köhler & César Milstein, 1975

Question 22

Identification of genes for T cell receptor (year only)

Answer 22

1985-1987

Question 23

Monoclonal hepatitis B vaccine

Answer 23

Genetic engineering, 1982

Question 24

Th1 vs Th2 model of T helper cell function

Answer 24

Timothy Mosmann, 1986

Question 25

Identification of toll like receptors (year only)

Answer 25

1996-1998

Question 26

FOXP3, the gene directing regulatory T cell development (year only)

Answer 26

2001

Question 27

Development of human papillomavirus vaccine

Answer 27

Ian Frazer, 2005

Question 28

Antibacterial, heat labile serum component (complement) is described

Answer 28

Jules Bordet, 1896

Question 29

Antibody formation theory, side chain theory

Answer 29

Paul Ehrlich, 1900

Question 30

Adjuvants

Answer 30

Jules Freund & Katherine McDermott, 1942

Question 31

Antibody production in B cells

Answer 31

Astrid Fagraeus, 1948

Question 32

Development of the plaque assay for the enumeration of the antibody forming cells in vitro

Answer 32

Niels Jerne & Albert Nordin, 1963

Question 33

Network theory for antibody control on immune response

Answer 33

Niels Jerne, 1974

Question 34

T cell restriction to major histo compatibility complex

Mechanism of cell mediated immune response

Answer 34

Rolf Zinkernagel & Peter Doherty, 1974

Question 35

Father of humoral immunity

Answer 35

Paul Ehrlich

Question 36

Generation of first monoclonal T cells

Discovery of the first Interleukins

Answer 36

Kendall Smith,1979-1981

Question 37

Immunological tolerance hypothesis

Answer 37

Peter Medawar, 1953