Historical Antecedents in the Course of Science and Technology Flashcards
the human attempt to understand the natural world, with or without concern for practical uses of that knowledge.
Science
Science is a system of knowledge of the natural world gained through the scientific method.
Originally called?
“the philosophy of the natural world”
The first scientists were called
“the philosophers of the nature”
Tasks of the philosophers of nature(3)
- Discover the truth behind material things and natural things.
- Observe the world and beyond
- Observe what makes materials the same and what makes them different (How is a tree not a flower and a flower not a rock?)
Science comes from the Latin word “_________’” meaning knowledge.
scientia
Technology is comes from the Greek words tekne meaning “___________” and logia meaning a “___________________”
art or craft, subject or interest
Products fabricated by humans to meet specific needs. Tools, machines, implements.
Artifacts or Hardware
A system of tacit and explicit knowledge, techniques, and materials utilized in using, making, or repairing a certain kind of artifact.
Knowledge and Methods.
e.g. military or civil engineers, crafters, machinists
A human cultural activity or profession.
e.g. “American technological know-how.” R&D, invention, patronage, mass production and mass consumption.
A total societal enterprise.
A __________ is a body of humans seen as a community within the bounds of the same culture, socially united and dependent on each other.
society
A society is a group but different from other groups like the family, peer group or business organizations. The difference lies in the following:
- A society is larger than any other group.
- A society has members with common culture, common patterns of behavior, common values and common language.
- Old members who pass away are replaced by those who are born according to the culture and that the society lasts longer than the lifetime of the individual members.
first writing system
Cuneiform
first true city in the world. Also known for how it is erected.
City of Uruk
Also called as mountain of God.
The Great Ziggurat of Ur
built to bring water to farm lands to solve shortage of food.
Irrigation and Dikes
Farm technology that was used to dig earth faster.
Plow
The first mode of transportation by the Sumerians and were used to carry large products and cover large distances
Sailboat
first made for farm work and food processing. _______ and axle was used by Sumerians to mill grain faster
Wheel
One of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World.
The structure made up of layer upon layers of gardens that contains several species of plants, trees, and vines.
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
The first paper and was a plant that grew along the Nile river in Egypt
Papyrus
Was developed for writing things on papyrus.
Ink
A system of writing using symbols.
Hieroglyphics
Aside from highlighting facial features, Egyptians wore Kohl around their eyes to prevent and even cure eye diseases.
Cosmetics
_________ was created by mixing soot or malachite with mineral galena
Kohl
The device utilizes gravity that affects the flow of water from one vessel to another. The amount of water remaining determines how much time elapsed since it is full.
Water Clock/Clepsydra
The ancient Greek used large complicated mechanisms to time. They made use of water, stone or sand which dropped to drums to sound.
Alarm Clock
Used for mass production of food since it was used for milling of grains that was essential for food processing
Water Mill
Romans used it for record-keeping, documenting historical events and newly legislated laws and other forms of literature.
Bound Books or Codex
__________________ was still regarded as pioneering since Romans were able to adapt new building and engineering technology in designs established the past.
Roman architecture
Naturally produced by silk worms but Chinese developed the technology to harvest the silk and process to produce clothing or paper.
Silk
Known as the largest and most extensive structure that the nation built.
Great Wall of China
The _____________ is one of the most interesting inventions in China. They mixed charcoal, sulfur and potassium nitrate where they created black powder that could generate large amount of heat and gas in an instant.
gunpowder
Invented by Johann Gutenberg
He utilized wooden machines that extracted juices from fruits, attached to them a metal impression of letters, and pressed firmly the cast metal into a piece of paper
Printing Press
The invention of __________, enabled people to see object in remote place. This helped in the navigation and exploration in the middle ages.
Telescope
Invented by Zacharias Jansen
Used to see organisms invisible to the naked eye.
Helped in the prevention and cure of illnesses
Microscope
Invented by Victor Llave.
was not only used to cross flooded streets but also rivers and lakes.
Salamander Amphibious Tricycle
utilizes saltwater to power itself.
SALt Lamp
also wedge-shaped writing where Sumerians use pointed instruments to carve symbols in clay.
Cuneiform
Mainly used for record-keeping
Cuneiform
The Sumerians used mud and clay from rivers mixed with reeds to form “sun-baked bricks”
City of Uruk
It was a sacred place for their chief god. Built the same ways as the city of Ur..
The Great Ziggurat of Ur
They were able to process the plants in order to produce thin sheets where things could be written.
Papyrus
Invented by combining soot with different chemicals to produce different colors
Ink
Invented by combining soot with different chemicals to produce inks of different colors
Ink
was the language that tells the modern world of the history and culture of the Egyptians
Hieroglyphics
was the language that tells the modern world of the history and culture of the Egyptians
Hieroglyphics
What do they mix to make gunpowder where these create black powder that could generate large amount of heat and gas in an instant.
charcoal, sulfur and potassium nitrate
SALt Lamp was Invented by
Aisa Mejano
Khol was created by mixing
soot or malachite with mineral galena
Invented printing press
Johann Gutenberg
