Historic Science Flashcards
Odontology
The scientific study of the structure and diseases of teeth.
Toxicology
The measurement and analysis of potential toxins, intoxicating or banned substances, and prescription medications present in a person’s body.
Anthropology
The study of human biological and physiological characteristics and their evolution.
Psychology/Psychiatry
The scientific study of the human mind and its functions, especially those affecting behavior in a given context.
Entomology
The branch of zoology concerned with the study of insects.
Engineering
The branch of science and technology is concerned with the design, building, and use of engines, machines, and structures.
Pathology
The science of the causes and effects of diseases, especially the branch of medicine that deals with the laboratory examination of samples of body tissue for diagnostic or forensic purposes.
Computer Forensics
The investigation of digital data gathered as evidence in criminal cases.
Criminalistics
Scientific tests or techniques used in connection with the detection of crime; forensics.
Document Examiners
Responsible for using a number of scientific processes and methods for examining documents—whether written, typed, or printed—related to a crime scene investigation.
Anthropometry
A procedure that involved taking body measurements as a way to distinguish one individual from another
Forensic Science
A critical element of the criminal justice system.
Locard’s Exchange Principle
“When 2 objects come into contact, a cross transfer of material occurs”
Marcello Malpighi
1st recorded notes about fingerprint characteristics in 1686
China/YiYuJi
Collection of Criminal Cases
Carl Wilhelm Scheele
1st successful test for detecting arsenic in corpses
Valentin Ross
Discovered a more precise method for detecting arsenic in a victim’s stomach
Mathieu Orfila
Father of toxicology
William Nichol
Invented polarizing microscope
Henri Louis Bayard
1st procedures for microscopic detection of sperm
Alphonse Bertillon
Father of criminal identification
Francis Henry Galton
Studied and developed a method of classifying fingerprints
Hans Gross
Wrote Criminal Investigations which applied science disciplines to crime investigation
Dr. Karl Landsteiner
Discovered blood types
Dr. Leon Lattes
Devised procedure for determining blood group of dried bloodstain
Albert Osborn
Wrote 1st text about document examination
Edmond Locard
Developed Locard’s exchange principle
Dr. Walter McCrone
Leading figure in microscopy
Calvin Goddard
Refined techniques of firearms examination by using a comparison microscope
Alec Jeffreys
Developed 1st DNA profiling test in 1984
