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PMLS FINALS > Histopathology > Flashcards

Histopathology Flashcards

1
Q

Deals with processing and preparation of tissue and cell samples for microscopic examination by the pathologist

A

Histopathology

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2
Q

What profession is responsible in the Histopathology section?

A

Pathologist

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3
Q

Who & what contributed to the history of Histopathology?

A

Johannes Muller
Marcello Malphigi
Rudolf Virchow
Ferdinand Blum
Invention of Microtomes

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4
Q

“Father of Histopathology” / “Father of Histologic Pathology”

A

Johannes Muller

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5
Q

Authored the book “Elements of Physiology” which became the leading textbook in physiology for much of the nineteenth century

A

Johannes Muller

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6
Q

Johannes Muller authored the book ____________ which became the leading textbook in physiology for much of the nineteenth century

A

Elements of Physiology

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7
Q

“Founder of Pathology”/ “Father of Modern Anatomic Pathology”

A

Marcello Malphigi

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8
Q

Became renowned for his exploration of embryology and physiology of the glands and the viscera

A

Marcello Malphigi

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9
Q

Marcello Malphigi became renowned for his exploration of?

A

Embryology and Physiology of the glands and the viscera

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10
Q

Used different methods of fixation, one of which is heat fixation, to preserve tissues and other samples

A

Marcello Malphigi

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11
Q

What fixation did Malphigi utilized to preserve tissue samples

A

Heat fixation

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12
Q

“Founder of Pathology”/ “Father of Modern Anatomic Pathology”

Became renowned for his exploration of embryology and physiology of the glands and the viscera

Used different methods of fixation (discussed below), one of which is heat fixation, to preserve tissues and
other samples

A

Marcello Malphigi

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13
Q

“Father of microscopic pathology”

A

Rudolf Virchow

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14
Q

Credited to have established the world’s first pathology laboratory

A

Rudolf Virchow

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15
Q

Rudolph Virchow is credited to have established the world’s first ______?

A

pathology laboratory

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16
Q

Was the first scientist/ physician of the time who emphasized the study of the manifestation of diseases and infections, which are visible at the cellular level by means of a microscope

A

Rudolf Virchow

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17
Q

“Father of microscopic pathology”

Credited to have established the world’s first pathology laboratory

Was the first scientist/ physician of the time who emphasized the study of the manifestation of diseases and infections, which are visible at the cellular level by means of a microscope

A

Rudolf Virchow

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18
Q

Discovered the fixative effects of formaldehyde

A

Ferdinand Blum

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19
Q

Blum discovered the fixative effects of?

A

Formaldehyde

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20
Q

A machine used for cutting tissue blocks into thin slices called ribbons/ sections

A

Microtome

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21
Q

Microtome is a machine used for cutting tissue blocks into thin slices called

A

ribbons/ sections

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22
Q

4 types of Microtomes

A

Sliding Microtome
Rocking/ Cambridge Microtome
Minot/ Rotary Microtome
Freezing Microtome

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23
Q

Invented by George Adams Jr. in 1798

A

Sliding Microtome

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24
Q

Invented by Paldwell Trefall in 1881

A

Rocking/ Cambridge Microtome

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25
Q

Invented by Minot in 1885-1886

A

Minot/ Rotary Microtome

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26
Q

Invented by Queckett in 1848

A

Freezing Microtome

27
Q

Routine Process of the Histopathologic Examination

A

Routine Process:
SAMPLE
a.) Fixation
b.) Dehydration
c.) Clearing
d.) Infiltration
e.) Embedding
TISSUE/ CELL BLOCK
f.) Trimming
g.) Sectioning
SECTIONS/ RIBBONS
h.) Staining
i.) Mounting
PREPARED SLIDE FOR MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION BY PATHOLOGIST

28
Q

What is the 1st process of the sample in routine histopathologic examination?

A

Fixation

29
Q

What is the 2nd process of the sample in routine histopathologic examination?

A

Dehydration

30
Q

What is the 3rd process of the sample in routine histopathologic examination?

A

Clearing

31
Q

What is the 4th process of the sample in routine histopathologic examination?

A

Infiltration

32
Q

What is the 5th process of the sample in routine histopathologic examination?

A

Embedding

33
Q

After Embedding what would happen to the sample?

A

Tissue/ Cell Block

34
Q

What is the 6th process of the tissue/ cell block in routine histopathologic examination?

A

Trimming

35
Q

What is the 7th process of the tissue/ cell block in routine histopathologic examination?

A

Sectioning

36
Q

After Sectioning what would happen to the tissue/cell block

A

Sections/ ribbons

37
Q

What is the 8th process of the section/ ribbon in routine histopathologic examination?

A

Staining

38
Q

What is the 9th process of the tissue/ cell block in routine histopathologic examination?

A

Mounting

39
Q

After Mounting what will be done to the sections/ ribbons?

A

PREPARATION OF SLIDE FOR MICROSCOPIC
EXAMINATION BY PATHOLOGIST

40
Q

Preserving the tissue specimen in as life-like a manner as possible

A

Fixation

41
Q

What is the routine fixative used in the process Fixation?

A

Routine fixative: 10% formalin

42
Q

Preserving the tissue specimen in as life-like a manner as possible
Routine fixative: 10% formalin

A

Fixation

43
Q

A process of removing water from the specimen

A

Dehydration

44
Q

In this process it utilizes increasing concentrations of ethyl alcohol

A

Dehydration

45
Q

Dehydration utilizes increasing concentrations of?

A

Ethyl alcohol

46
Q

Process of removing water from the specimen
Utilizes increasing concentrations of ethyl alcohol

A

Dehydration

47
Q

A process which removes the dehydrating agents from the sample and replacing it with a fluid miscible with wax

A

Clearing

48
Q

It is also known as De-alcoholization

A

Clearing

49
Q

True or False: Clearing produces an opaque appearance of the sample

A

False

Translucent appearance of the sample

50
Q

What is the routine clearing agent in the process of Clearing (De-alcoholization)?

A

Routine clearing agent: Xylene

51
Q

Removing dehydrating agents from the sample and replacing it with a fluid miscible with wax
Produces a translucent appearance of the sample
Routine clearing agent: Xylene

A

Clearing (De-alcoholization)

52
Q

A process where the clearing agent is removed and replaced a fluid that will cover the cavities resulting in a firmer consistency of the sample

A

Infiltration

53
Q

Also known as Impregnation

A

Infiltration

54
Q

What is the routine infiltration medium used in the process of Infiltration

A

Routine infiltration medium: Paraffin

55
Q

Process where the clearing agent is removed
Clearing agent is replaced with a fluid that will cover the cavities resulting in a firmer consistency of the
sample
Routine infiltration medium: Paraffin

A

Infiltration (Impregnation)

56
Q

The process of arranging the infiltrated tissue inside a mold containing a medium which is then allowed to
solidify

A

Embedding (Casting/ Blocking)

57
Q

What is the routine embedding medium in the process of Embedding?

A

Routine embedding medium: Paraffin

58
Q

Process of removing excess paraffin wax from the block

A

Trimming

59
Q

Tissue blocks are cut into thin slices called ribbons/ sections

A

Sectioning

60
Q

Also known as Microtomy

A

Sectioning

61
Q

Application of dyes on the sections for studying the architectural pattern of the tissue and physical
characteristics of the cell

A

Staining

62
Q

Process of placing a cover slip on the stained tissue

A

Mounting

63
Q

Mounting is a process of placing a cover slip on the stained tissue using what type of mounting medium?

A

Routine mounting medium: Canada Balsam

64
Q

Process of placing a cover slip on the stained tissue using a mounting medium
Routine mounting medium: Canada Balsam

A

Mounting

PMLS FINALS (2 decks)

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