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a&p > histology:study of tissues > Flashcards

histology:study of tissues Flashcards

1
Q

tissue

A

collection of cells that perform specific functions

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2
Q

epithelial tissue

A

•found throughout body inside and out
•main glandular tissue secretion
•cells laid out in sheets w strong connections/attachments
•tightly packed cells
•attached to underlying connective tissue by non cellular, nonliving basement membranes
•usually avascular (no blood supply)
cells reproduce quickly (diffusion of nutrients, rapid healing)

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3
Q

function of epithelial tissue

A

protect,secrete absorb, excrete, sensory perception

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4
Q

parenchyma (the actual cells)

A

the tissue that performs the epithelial organ function

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5
Q

stroma

A

the tissue that supports the organs function

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6
Q

lumen (light)

A

outside of the cell network. typically exposed to world around it

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7
Q

basement membrane

A

thin, fibrous, extra cellular matrix of tissue that separates the lining of an internal or external body surface from underlying connective tissue

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8
Q

squamos

A

flat

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9
Q

cuboidal

A

square

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10
Q

columnar

A

rectangular

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11
Q

simple

A

single

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12
Q

stratified

A

multiple

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13
Q
  • simple squamos (tissues)
A

single layer of flattened cells
function:diffusion and filtration
found in air sacs of the lungs,walls of capillaries

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14
Q
  • simple cuboidal (tissues)
A

single layer, cube-shaped cells
function:secretion and absorption
found in:lining of kidney tubules, ducts/glands, covering surface of ovaries

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15
Q

*simple columnar (tissues)

A

single later, elongated cells with their nuclei in the same position (usually near the basement membrane)
function: secretion and absorption
found in lining of digestive tract and uterus
contains scatter goblet cells functioning in the secretion of mucus ( keeps cells from drying out)

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16
Q

microvilli (simple columnar)

A

tiny finger-like processes from their free surface- increases surface for absorption

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17
Q

cilia (simple columnar)

A

help with movement of particles

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18
Q

connective tissue

A

• most abundant tissue in the body, found throughout every system
• binds structures together
• provides support, protection, framework, fills space, stores fat, produces blood cells, fights infection, and helps repair tissue
•composed of more scattered cells with abundant intracellular and extracellular material (matrix)
•made up of a ground substance(fluid, semi-solid) and fibers
•most had a good blood supply
•cells reproduce over various time frames ( quick to basically never)

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19
Q

mast cells (1 of 3 common types of connective tissue)

A

(prevents blood clots, promote inflammation) — start of immune

20
Q

macrophages aka scavengers (1 of 3 common types of connective tissue

A

(phagocytes) “big eaters”

21
Q

fibroblasts (1 of 3 common types of connective tissue

A

(most abundant, produce protein fibers) — different compositions

22
Q

collagenous fibers (main types of fibers in connective tissues)

A

•major structural protein in body (thick, made of protein collagen, appear in long parallel bundles) strong, and somewhat flexible, but not very elastic, also known as white fibers (large part of , tendons and ligaments )


23
Q

elastic fibers (rubber bands) (main types of fiber in connective tissue)

A

Micro fibers in protein elastin, yellow fiber. Not as strong, but very flexible.(large component of vocal cords and eardrum.)

24
Q

*loose connective tissue or areolar tissue (category of connective tissue)

A

binds skin to organs, organs to organs, space between muscles, through out body
GREATEST QUANTITY
kinda looks like big spaghetti string 

25
Q

*adipose tissue (category of connect tissue)

A

aka fat- beneath skin, around kidneys and eyeballs, abdominal membranes. function : protect, insulation to preserve heat , cells are called adipocytes
kinda looks like oil and water

26
Q

fibrous (category of connect tissue)

A

aka dense C.T- dense and closely packed, thick collagenous fibers and fine network of elastic fibers
few cells, poor blood supply
SLOW HEALING

27
Q

tendon

A

connects muscles to bones

28
Q

ligaments

A

connect bones to bones

29
Q

cartilage

A

flexible and strong - provides support and protection

30
Q

hyaline cartilage

A

very find white (collagenous) fibers. most common type of cartilage- covers the ends of bones and joints, nose , respiratory passages. model for bone growth

31
Q

elastic cartilage

A

more flexible and elastic, external ear and larynx (vocal cords)

32
Q

fibrocartilage ( only found in spine)

A

very dense, large numerous collagenous fibers. can withstand lots of pressure, location, intervertebral, and Menisci

33
Q

*bone tissue (osseous)

A

osseous (hardened) tissue. rigid due to salt mineralization

layers- lamellae, haversian canals, osteocytes
looks like peach rings

34
Q

*blood

A

Circulates throughout the body, transportation of nutrients and waste 

35
Q

reticuloendothelial (immune phagocytes)

A

destruction of large quantities of toxins and other particles; location: spleen, and lymph nodes-like tonsils 

36
Q

*skeletal muscle

A

voluntary-attached to bone

striated (muscle filaments overlap)

has little “stripes” and looks like meat

37
Q

*smooth muscle

A

involuntary movement ( go with the flow)

38
Q

hollow organs (smooth muscle )

A

gastrointestinal intestine tract, stomach, urinary tract, and uterus(a tube)

39
Q

*cardiac muscle

A

wall of the heart

has gaps

40
Q

intercalated discs (cardiac muscle)

A

allows electrochemical impulses to be conveyed

41
Q

nervous tissue

A

found in brain, spinal cord, nerves

42
Q

neurons (nervous tissue)

A

transmit signals, electrochemical signals 

43
Q

neuroglia (glial)

A

protect, support, help with immunity 

44
Q

*stratified squamous

A

multi-layered, squamous cells

function-protect, found in lining of body cavities, like skin, mouth, anus, and vagina

45
Q

pseudo-stratified columnar

A

appear “stratified” but really a single layer with uneven nuclei giving the appearance of layered cells

usually ciliated (tiny, hair-like projections for sweeping materials along a surface) contains goblet cells

function:secretion and cilia-aided movement

location:lining air passages and tubes of the reproductive system

46
Q

transitional epithelial

A

thick layered cuboidal cells

contract and stretch to form a barrier to block diffusion(no leaking) and block infection

found in lining of urinary bladder and genital tract

a&p (2 decks)

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