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Respiratory System mais > Histology RS > Flashcards

Histology RS Flashcards

1
Q

respiratory organ (2)

A

lungs and branching system of bronchial tubes

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2
Q

anatomic division of RS:

A

URT & LRT

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3
Q

FUNCTIONAL DIVISION OF RS

A

conductive and respiratory potion

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4
Q

URT: 4

A

frontal sinus
sphenoidal sinus
nasal cavity
pharynx

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5
Q

LRT: 4

A

larynx
trachea
bronchi
lungs

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6
Q

conductive portion of RS:

A

nasal cavity >
nasopharynx >
larynx >
trachea >
primary bronchi (extrapulmonary bronchi) > intrapulmonary bronchi (2ry or lobar&raquo_space; 3ry or segmental bronchi) >
primary bronchioles (preterminal) >
terminal bronchioles (terminate conducting portion)

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7
Q

respiratory portion:

A

respiratory bronchioles >
alveolar ducts >
alveolar sacs >
pulmonary alveoli

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8
Q

olfactory region of nasal cavity:

2 main part

A

olfactory epithelium
&
lamina propria

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9
Q

olfactory epithelium:

type of epithelium

A

psudo-stratified columner epithelium with NO goblet cells

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10
Q

olfactory epithelium component:

A

1- olfactory cells (olfactory nerve cells)&raquo_space; smelling
2- sustentacular cells
3- basal cells

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11
Q

olfactory nerve cells features:

A

bipolar neurons
dendritic has olfactory vesicle
olfactory vesicle has non motilecilia

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12
Q

which part responsible for smelling?

A

olfactory neve cells (non motile cilia)

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13
Q

sustentacular cells function (2) and shape:

A

columnar cells,
1- physical support
2- nourishment

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14
Q

Basal cell in olfactory epithelium shape and function:

A

Pyramidal

Stem cell

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15
Q

Olfactory hair another name:

A

Non motile cilia on the olfactory vesicles

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16
Q

Lamina propria of olfactory epithelium component:

A

1- highly vascularized CT
2- olfactory gland (bowman gland)
3- bundles of unmyelinated nerve fiber (axons of olfactory nerve cells)
4- lymphoid elements

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17
Q

function of
1- Bowman capsule
2- lamina propria role in nerve organization

A

1- replace goblet cells&raquo_space; serous acini
2- in lamina propria axons will collect to form bundles of nerve fiber &raquo_space; bundles will collect to form the olfactory nerve

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18
Q

respiratory region component:

A

1- respiratory epithelium

2- lamina propria (sub epithelium CT)

19
Q

respiratory epithelium ?

A

PSEUDO STRATIFIED CILIATED Columnar EPITHELIUM WITH GOBLET CELLS

20
Q

respiratory epithelium SITE?

A

floor, lateral wall, conchea, deeper layer of vestibules

21
Q

types of cells in respiratory epithelium (5)

A 
1- ciliated columnar cells
2- goblet cells
3- brush cells (chemo sensors)
4- basal cells > stem
5-  small granule cells (kul chit sky) > endocrine function
22
Q

lamina propria of respiratory epithelium:

A

1- arterial and venous (highly vascularized CT)
2- seromucous gland (acini)
3- lymphoid elemnts

23
Q

para nasal sinuses epithelium type?

A

respiratory epithelium ..

24
Q

mucosa of larynx 2 forms of epithelium:

A

respiratory epithelium
&
non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium&raquo_space; in vocal cords and sup. surface of epiglottis

25
Q

larynx has 2 types of cartilages with ex for each:

A

1- hyaline cartilage: epiglottis

2- elastic cartilage: thyroid cartillage

26
Q

trachea and primary bronchi layers order from inside:

A

mucosa (respiratory epithelium and lamina propria) > elastic lamina > sub mucosa (of C.T. & seromucous gland & lymphoid elemnts ) > adventitia (cartilages, in trachea we have trachealis ms connecting c-shaped hyaline cartilllages)

27
Q

layers of 2ry and 3ry bronchi from inside:

A

mucosa (respiratory epithelium and lamina propria) > muscle coat > submucosa (C.T. , seromucous gland, lymphoid elements) > adventitia (irrigular hyaline cartilage and lymphoid nodule)

28
Q

preterminal bronchiole layers:

A

mucosa (simple ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells & lamina propria) > smooth muscle > adventitia

29
Q

what structures disappear in bronchiole (preterminal) 3 in the adventita

A

NO cartilage, NO seromucous gland, NO lymphoid nodules

30
Q

epithelium of terminal bronchiole:

A

simple cuboidal with partially ciliated with CLARA cells
NO goblet cells

LESS THAN 0.5 mm

31
Q

respiratory bronchiole epithelium

A

simple cuboidal with partially ciliated with CLARA cells
NO goblet cells

LESS THAN 0.5 mm
(NOT Sure 100% )

32
Q

Where the pulmonary alveoli start to appear:

A

in the respiratory bronchiole

33
Q

clara cell function (3)

A

degrade toxins, secrete surfactant like material, regenerate the bronchiolar epithelium

34
Q

order of respiratory portion

A

respiratory bronchioles > alveolar ducts > alveolar sacs > alveolus

35
Q

alveolar epithelium:2

A

type 1 pneumocytes and type 2 pneumocytes

36
Q

type 1 pneumocytes:

A 
95% of alveolar surface
less numerous 
كبيرة ولكن عددها قليل
simple squamous epithelium 
function: gas exchange
37
Q

type 2 pneumocytes

A

5%
more numerous
cuboidal or rounded cells
contain lamellar bodies

function: SYNTHESIS AND SECRETION OF PULMONARY SURFACTANT

38
Q

SURFACTANT component:

A

cholesterol, phospholipid, SURFACTANT proteins

39
Q

SURFACTANT function:

A

reduce surface tension

anti surface tension

40
Q

interstitial CT of interalveolar septum component:

A

1- CT fiber: elastic and reticular (type 3 collagen)

2- CT cells: mast, macrophages, lymphocytes, fibroblast

41
Q

alveolar phagocytes (DUST CELLS) site:

A

in the lumen of pulmonary alveoli
&
interstitium of interalveolar septum

42
Q

BLOOD GAS BARRIERS component: 4

A

1- surfactant
2- TYPE 1 pneumocytes
3- fused basal laminae (capillary and type 1 pnemocytes)
4- endothelial cells of pulmonary capillary

43
Q

pleura epithelium:

A

simple squamous epithelium

Respiratory System mais (1 decks)

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