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Histology spot exam FM1010 > Histology of muscle > Flashcards

Histology of muscle Flashcards

1
Q

Types of skeletal muscle connective tissue:

A
  • Epimysium: surrounds entire muscle
  • Perimysium: surrounds each fascicle
  • Endomysium: surrounds each fibre/muscle cell.
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2
Q

Structure of skeletal muscle fibre

A
  • Long unbranched cylindrical shape
  • Multinucleated
  • Nuclei positioned peripherally
  • Striated
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3
Q

Thin (actin) filaments

A

From from Z disc to centre of sarcomere

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4
Q

Thick (myosin) filaments

A

In the centre of the sarcomere, contain ATPase enzymes.

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5
Q

A bands

A

Full length of thick filament (including parts of thin filament)

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6
Q

H zone

A

Centre part of A band, no thin filament.

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7
Q

M line

A

Centre of H zone

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8
Q

I band

A

Only thin filaments, lies within 2 adjacent sarcomeres.

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9
Q

T tubules

A

Runs around myofibrils in sarcolemma, makes sure all myofibrils contract simultaneously.

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10
Q

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

Interconnecting tubules surrounding each myofibril. Contains Ca2+

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11
Q

Nerve impulse direction in muscle

A

T-tubule –> release of Ca2+ from sarcoplasmic reticulum –> Ca2+ into cytoplasm –> contraction.

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12
Q

Sliding filament theory

A
  1. Thin filaments are pulled towards the centre of the sarcomere
  2. Sarcomere shortens
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13
Q

Smooth muscle cell structure

A
  • Fibres are shorter than skeletal
  • Spindle shaped
  • Single nucleus in centre.
  • No myofibrils or sarcomeres, so not striated
  • Thin + thick filaments are scattered + attached to dense bodies throughout the sarcoplasm
  • Have calveolae
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14
Q

Dense bodies

A

noncontractile intermediate filaments

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15
Q

Caveolae

A

Indentations in sarcolemma that act like T tubules.

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16
Q

Types of smooth muscle

A

Unitary/ tonic
Phasic

17
Q

Unitary smooth muscle

A
  • Cells arranged in sheets in hollow viscera
  • Cells contract spontaneously (no need for nerves to contract)
  • Have gap junctions which allow the spread of excitation and for ions to move between cells.
  • Influenced by Autonomic nervous system
18
Q

Cardiac muscle cell structure

A
  • Long + cylindrical
  • One central nucleus
  • Branching cells
  • Have intercalated discs: cells join end to end which facilitates spread of excitation along row of cells.
  • Striated (have myofibrils with sarcomeres)
  • T-tubules associated with single small cistern of SR
19
Q

Identify

A

Cardiac

20
Q

Identify

A

Cardiac cell

21
Q

Identify

A

smooth muscle

22
Q

Identify

A

Skeletal muscle

23
Q

Identify

A

Intercalated discs

24
Q

In which muscle types are intercalated discs absent?

A

Smooth + skeletal

25
Q

Identify

A

Skeletal

26
Q

Which muscle types are satellite cells found at?

A

Skeletal

Histology spot exam FM1010 (5 decks)

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