histology of exchange surfaces

Question 1

tissues in lungs

Answer 1

cartilage, smooth muscle,elastic fibre, goblet cells and glandular tissue, ciliated epithelium

Question 2

how does cartilage help lung

Answer 2

strengthen trachea and bronchi, holds them open during inhalation

C-shaped, allow some movement, allows oesophagus expansion

found in trachea, bronchi, larger bronchi

Question 3

smooth muscle in lung

Answer 3

contract to constrict the airway, restrict passage of air to airway, not a conscious reaction
in trachea, bronchi and bronchioles

Question 4

elastic fibres in lungs

Answer 4

allow airways to spring back to their initial size
found in trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

Question 5

goblet cells and glandular tissue in lung

Answer 5

secrete mucus, traps participles like pollen and bacteria, reduces risk of infection
found in trachea and bronchi

Question 6

ciliated epithelium tissues in lungs

Answer 6

have numerous hair-like cilia, move mucus up to back of throat, where it is swallowed, stomach acid kills bacteria

Question 7

structure of trachea

Answer 7

thick walls
most of wall is cartilage, forms c-shaped rings in trachea, plates in bronchi
cartilage inside has glandular tissue, connective tissue, elastic fibre, smooth muscle, blood vessel

inner layer, ciliated epithelial cells

Question 8

structure of bronchi

Answer 8

smaller than trachea
branch
similar structure to trachea

Question 9

structure of bronchioles

Answer 9

much narrower than bronchi
larger, some cartilage
smaller, no cartilage

smooth muscle and elastic fibres in walls