Histology of Epithelium

Question 1

Which stains are commonly used

Answer 1

Hematoxylin & Eosin

Question 2

In H&E stain the nucleus/cytoplasm/Collagen fibres/Muscles are

Answer 2

Nucleus- blue
Cytoplasm- pink or red
Collagen fibres- pink
Muscles- pink

Question 3

Other stains beside H&E

Answer 3

Masson’s Trichrome, Periodic Acid- Schiff Reaction etc.

Question 4

Types of tissues based on location

Answer 4

Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Nervous

Question 5

Types of Epithelium

Answer 5

Simple
Pseudostratified
Stratified

Question 6

Types of Simple epithelium cells

Answer 6

Squamous
Columnar
Cuboidal

Question 7

Types of stratified epithelium cells

Answer 7

Non- Keratinized squamous
Keratinized Squamous
Transitional

Question 8

Simple Squamous description

Answer 8

Single layer of flat or squamous cells

Question 9

Simple Cuboidal description

Answer 9

Single layer of round cells

Question 10

Simple Columnar description

Answer 10

Tall cells lined by microvilli

Question 11

Pseudo Stratified description

Answer 11

Ciliated cells present among mucus- secreting goblet cells

Question 12

Transitional description

Answer 12

Changes shape in response to stretching

Question 13

Transitional site

Answer 13

Renal pelvis, ureter, Urinary bladder

Question 14

Transitional Function

Answer 14

Protective layer between urine & underlying tissue

Question 15

Keratinized squamous- dead superficial layer Location and function

Answer 15

Skin
Protection against abrasion, bacterial invasion

Question 16

Non keratinized squamous Location n function

Answer 16

Esophagus, vagina & Oral cavity
Moist & protective layer

Question 17

Pesudostratified Location n function

Answer 17

Loc: Respiratory - Trachea
function: Ciliated cells clean inspired air
Loc: Fallopian tube
Function: Transport oocytes & sperm

Question 18

Simple Columnar location and function

Answer 18

Loc: Lining of digestive organs – Stomach, Small & Large intestine
Function: Secretes mucus for stomach lining
Absorption of nutrients in small intestine

Question 19

Simple Cuboidal location and function

Answer 19

Kidney tubules, Thyroid gland

Protects ducts, transports and absorption in kidney tubules

Question 20

Simple Squamous location and function

Answer 20

Mesothelium- external surface of digestive organs, lung & heart
Endothelium- inner lining of blood vessels
Function: Filtration, transport, secretion

Question 21

Define cilia

Answer 21

are motile structures found in the uterine tubes,
uterus, and trachea

Question 22

Define Microvilli

Answer 22

are small, nonmotile projections seen in small intestine and proximal convoluted tubules in the kidney

Question 23

Define Stereocilia

Answer 23

are long, nonmotile, branched microvilli in the epididymis and vas deferens

Question 24

The function of microvilli and stereocilia is

Answer 24

absorption

Question 25

Simple squamous epithelium function

Answer 25

-Passive transport of fluids, nutrients across the thin capillary walls in endothelium of Cardiovascular system -Gas exchange or transport across the thin-walled capillaries and alveoli in lungs. -Filteration in kidney cortex

Question 26

Simple cuboidal epithelium function

Answer 26

-Protects ducts, transports and absorption in kidney tubules -Thyroid gland

Question 27

Simple Columnar Epithelium are ? Give an example

Answer 27

Stomach, Small intestine, Large Intestine(GIT)

Question 28

Pseudostratified ciliated Columnar epithelium are in which organs? Mention it’s function?

Answer 28

- Trachea and bronchi have ciliated cells that cleanse the inspired air and transport mucus to the oral cavity for expulsion - Uterine tubes help the conduction of oocyte and sperm

Question 29

Stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium helps with?

Answer 29

-Helps to withstand increased wear and tear in the moist cavities of the esophagus, vagina, and oral cavity -Its multilayered cells protects the surfaces of these organs.

Question 30

Stratified squamous keratizined epithelium are presented in?

Answer 30

The outermost layer of the skin

Question 31

Stratified squamous keratizined epithelium function

Answer 31

Formation of dead keratin layers or keratinization on the skin surface provides additional protection from abrasion and bacterial invasio

Question 32

The outermost layer of the skin contains dead cells and is called

Answer 32

the stratum corneum

Question 33

Transitional Epithelium function

Answer 33

❑Allows distension of the urinary organs (calyces, pelvis, ureters, bladder) - Protective osmotic barrier between urine in the bladder & the underlying connective tissue.

Question 34

Transitional Epithelium are capable of

Answer 34

Change in cell shape, when urine fills, the surface cells begin to flatten may resemble stratified squamous epithelium