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GIT113 Histology > Histology Of Billiary Apparatus > Flashcards

Histology Of Billiary Apparatus Flashcards

1
Q

What is the largest internal organ?

A

Liver

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2
Q

The liver is enclosed in a 1 covered by 2, the diaphragm or the other organs

A

1) capsule of fibrous CT (Glisson’s capsule)
2) mesothelial layer (visceral peritoneum)

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3
Q

First function of the liver

A

1) Produce many circulating plasma proteins

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4
Q

Second function of the liver

A

Store and maintain vitamin A

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5
Q

Third function of liver in vitamin d

A

converting vitamin D3 to 25-hydroxycholecalciferol

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6
Q

Fourth function of liver with iron

A

synthesizes almost all of the proteins involved in iron transport and metabolism, including transferrin, haptoglobin, and hemopexin

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7
Q

Fifth function of liver with drugs

A

Degrades drugs and toxins

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8
Q

Sixth function of liver MAIN FUNCTION

A

Bile production

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9
Q

4 histology cal structures of liver

A

Parenchyma
Connective tissue stroma
Sinusoidal capillaries (sinusoids)
Perisinusoidal spaces (spaces of Disse)

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10
Q

Liver parenchyma

A

plates of hepatocytes

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11
Q

Liver Connective tissue stroma

A

Continuous with the fibrous capsule of Glisson. Blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels, and bile ducts travel within the CT stroma.

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12
Q

Sinusoidal capillaries (sinusoids)

A

vascular channels between the plates of hepatocytes.

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13
Q

Liver Perisinusoidal spaces (spaces of Disse)

A

between the sinusoidal endothelium and the hepatocyte

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14
Q

What is At the center of the classic lobule

A

the terminal hepatic venule (central vein) in which the sinusoids drain

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15
Q

What is At the angles of the hexagon of classic lobule?

A

portal areas (portal canals), loose CT characterized by the presence of the portal triads

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16
Q

Where is the peri portal space in classic lobule?

A

At the edges of the portal canal, between the CT stroma and the hepatocytes

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17
Q

Hepatocytes are capable of ___

A

Considerable regeneration

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18
Q

Why do the cytoplasm of hepatocytes have a fine foamy appearance

A

Due to deposits of glycogen

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19
Q

PORTAL TRIAD

A

Bile duct
Portal vein
Hepatic artery

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20
Q

Blood is supplied to the liver by two blood vessels:

A

Portal vein and hepatic artery

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21
Q

Blood from branches of the portal vein and the hepatic artery mixes in the ___

A

Sinusoids of the liver lobules

22
Q

2 types of cells in hepatic sinusoids

A

Flattened endothelial cells and kupffer cells

23
Q

Space of Disse Lies between the basal surfaces of 1 and the basal surfaces of 2.

A

1) hepatocytes
2) endothelial cells and Kupffer cells

24
Q

Space of Disse pathway is for
liver secretions other than ___

A

Bile

25
Q

The space of Disse contains ___ fibers

A

types I, III and IV collagen

26
Q

Mesenchymal origin of Hepatic stellate cells are the primary storage site for ___

A

Vitamin A

27
Q

Hepatic stellate cell become ___ after liver injury

A

Myofibroblasts

28
Q

Direction of bile flow

A

Opposite to blood flow

29
Q

bile canaliculi transform into the short ___

A

Canals of Hering

30
Q

Bile flow increases when __, ___, & ___ are released by enterocytes

A

cholecystokinin (CCK), gastrin, and
motilin

31
Q

What maintains structural integrity of liver

A

Liver reticulum fibers (type III collagen)

32
Q

Three types of lobules

A

Classic
Portal
Liver acinus

33
Q

See slide 30

A

Yuh

34
Q

Axis of portal lobule

A

interlobular bile duct of the portal triad of the classic lobule

35
Q

The short axis of the acinus is defined by the terminal branches of the 1 that lie along the border between 2.

A

1) portal triad
2) two classic lobules

36
Q

The long axis of the acinus is a line drawn between the ___

A

two central veins closest to the short axis

37
Q

Two fibers in Glisson’s capsule LIVERRR

A

collagen and elastic fibers

38
Q

Hormones secreted by the enteroendocrine cells of the small intestine stimulate

A

contractions of the smooth muscle of the gallbladder

39
Q

The wall of the gallbladder lacks a __ & __.

A

muscularis mucosae and submucosa

40
Q

Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses

A

Deep diverticula of the mucosa

41
Q

Function of Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses

A

thought to presage pathologic changes

42
Q

The nerves enter the liver at the 1 with the members of the 2.

A

1) porta hepatis
2) portal triad

43
Q

Sympathetic fibers innervate

A

Blood vessels

44
Q

The parasympathetic fibers are assumed to innervate

A

Large ducts with smooth muscle

45
Q

Exocrine component of pancreas

A

synthesizes and secretes enzymes into the
duodenum

46
Q

Endocrine component

A

synthesizes and secretes the hormones insulin and
glucagon into the blood

47
Q

The intercalated ducts add __ & __.

A

Water and bicarbonate

48
Q

Duct system of pancreas

A

Intercalated ducts merge with intralobular ducts and larger inter lobular ducts which join the main pancreatic duct

49
Q

Alpha cells of pancreas

A

Endocrine
Secrete glucagon

50
Q

Beta cells of pancreas

A

Endocrine
Secrete insulin

51
Q

Delta cells of pancreas

A

Endocrine
Secrete somatostatin

GIT113 Histology (5 decks)

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