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Midterm > Histology [GIT] > Flashcards

Histology [GIT] Flashcards

1
Q

The digestive system is formed of?

A
  • Oral cavity
  • digestive tracts(esophagus-stomach-small intestine-larg intestine- rectum-anal canal)
  • major associative glands(liver-pancreas-salivary glands)
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2
Q

Whats the general structure of GIT?(layers)

A

Mucosa
-lining epithelium
-underlying lamina properia (loose CT rich in blood vs lymphtic lymphocytes and smooth muscle cells sometimes glands)
-muscularis mucosa (thin smooth layer seperate mucosa from submucosa
Submucosa
-dense CT have blood vs and lymphtics and submucosal plexus and may contain lypmpoid tisse and glands
Thick muscularis
-Inner circular and ourt longitudinal
-between the muscle sublayer CT have blood vs and lymphtics and meynteric plexus
Seroua
-loose CT have blood vs and lymphtic and adipose tissue line with simple squamous epithelium (mesothelium
-in areas the organ is not hanging boynd to other structures serosa replaced with (thick advantitia

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3
Q

Hirshsprung disease (conginetal mega colon)

A

Injury in the plexus of GIT so there is disturbing in GIT motility leads to dilation

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4
Q

Boundaries of oral cavities?

A 
Sup:hardand soft palat
Inf: floor of the mouth
Ant:lips
Lat:cheeks
Post: opening into the oropharynx by 2 palatoglossal folds
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5
Q

Whats the palatine ovula? And its core?lined with?

A

And and extension ofthe lower part of soft palate

  • core of muscle and loose CT
  • lining mucosa
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6
Q

What lines the oral cavity?

A

Oral mucosa (lining epithelium and underlying lamina properia of CT)

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7
Q

The surface cellsof oral epithelium shed continually replaced by?

A

Progany of stem cells in the basal epithilial layer

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8
Q

The lamina properia in oral mucosa contain?(generally)

A

-papillae,lymphtic,blood,sensory nerves

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9
Q

The oral mucosa continues with submucosa at?

A

Difused minor salivary glands

-soft palate, floor of the mouth, inferior surface of the tongue

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10
Q

Oral mucosa have 3 types?

A
  • masticatory mucosa(keratinnized stratified squamous epithelium for protection of mucosa in gingeva, hard palate , dorsum of the tongue
  • specialized mucosa( non keratinnized stratified squamous epithelium with taste buds in soft palate , dursum of the tonge, regions in pharynx
  • lining mucosa(non keratinnized stratified squamous epithelium in the inner surface of the lip, floor of the mouth,inferior surface of tongue, soft palate
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11
Q

The lining oral mucosa have in uts core 3 things?

A
  • muscle (tongue,lips,cheeks)
  • bones(alveolar mucosa)
  • glands(soft palat,cheeks, inferior surface of the tongue
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12
Q

The oral cavity is devided into?whats its content

A
  • Oral vistivule(area between teeth and cheeks and liips)
  • oral cavity proper( hard palate sup,floor of the mouth infer,orophynx post,teeth ant)
  • teeth and tongue
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13
Q

Whats herptic stomatitis?

A

Caused by HSV type 1 resides in trigeminal ganglion in dormant state

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14
Q

Whats the histology of the inner and ourt surface of the lip?

A
  • Ourt:thin skin and hair follicles and sweat and subecous glands
  • inner:non keratinnized stratified squamous epithelium mucosa on Underlying lamina properia CT that contains labial glands (tubuloacinar glands)
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15
Q

Whats the secretion of the labial glands of the lip and their location?

A
  • tubuloacinar glands( mainly mucoos-sometimes serous)

- in lamina properia of the inner surface of the lip

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16
Q

Whats the histology of the red margin(vermilion) of the lip

A
  • skin is lightly keratinnized and thin epiderm and transparent
  • highly microvasculature Ct
  • the papillae in the dermis is deep and numorous
  • highly enervated epiderms
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17
Q

Whats in the core of the lip?

A

Orbicularis oris muscle, dense fibroelastic CT

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18
Q

The cheeks histology? And its core?

A
  • have buccinator muscles in its core
  • ourt surface:skin
  • inner surface: lined by lining epithelium (non keratinnized stratified squamous) and buccal glands in the lamina properia
19
Q

Whats the type of glands in the cheeks and thier location?

A
  • buccal glands( seromucus) minor salivary glands

- in the lamina w

20
Q

Histology of soft palates?

A
  • Soft palate(have skeletal muscle,mucos glands, lymph nolules in its core)
  • its mucosa devided into anterior ( non keratinnized stratified squamous) and post(pseudistartified culumenar cilliated with goblet cells
21
Q

Histology of hard palate?

A
  • Contain bone in its core
  • keratinnized stratified squamous epithelium with underlying lamina properia CT
  • bounded to periosteum of the maxillary by dese CT
22
Q

Histology of pharynx?

A

-Oropharynx:oral mucosa
-Nasiphaynx: respiratory mucosa
-Laryngopharynx
.It contains the pharyngeal tonsills
.And mucus minor salivary glands in its lamina properia
.contrictors and longitudinal are outside of the layer

23
Q

Why does soft palat have two lining mucosa?

A

Its seperate the oral cavity from the nasal cavity and its posterior part contusion with the respiratory mucosa

24
Q

What seperate the tongue?what distinguishes the two parts

A
  • Sulcus terminals into ant 2/3 and post1/3 dorsal surfaces

- there is a bulge in the post 1/3 due to the lingual tonsil

25
Q

Whats the histology of the dorsal surface of the tongue?

A
  • its mucosa is thick and rough and most adherent
  • its ant 2/3 is irrigular due to presence of papillae
  • post 1/3 bulge due to lingual tonsill ( aggression of lymphoid tisse)
  • its mucosa partially keratinnized stratified squamous epithelium
26
Q

Histology of the ventral surface of the tongue?

A
  • Non keratinnized stratified squamous epithelium no papillae
  • contain lingual glands(seromucus) embedded in the muscle of the tongue in ventral portion
27
Q

Whats the submucosa of the tongue?and where does the blood vs and nerves present in the tongue?

A

Dense irrigular collagenous CT

-in CT between muscle bundle

28
Q

Whats the papillae and their composition?

A
  • its mucosal irrigularties

- core of CT lined with stratified squamous epithelium

29
Q

What are the types papillaes?

A
  • filliform
  • fungiform
  • vallat(circumvallate)
30
Q

Whats the difference between the 3 papillae from site,size and shape aspect?

A

-Fillifor
Site :in the ant 2/3dorsal suf of tongue
Size:small
Shape: elongated conical
-fungiform
Site: in between filliform
Size:latger
Shape:mushroom-like dilated upper part narrow stalk
-vallate(circumvallate)
Site:form v shaped infront of sulcus terminals 7-12
Size:the largest
Shape:circular sorrounded by moal like furrow

31
Q

Whats the difference between the 3 papillae from structure and numer, functional aspects?

A

-Filliform: highly keratinnized stratified squamous epithelium gives it whit greysh color have no taste buds
-function:provide rough surface for food movement during chewing
————————————-
-fungiform:red in color lightly keratinnized and the core of CT is highly vascular, have taste buts on its upper surface
-function: taste sensation
———————————
-vallat:not keratinnized stratified squamous epithelium [have half of the taste buds in human] have von evbner glands
-function:taste sensation

32
Q

Where do von ebner glands exist?and what does it secrete? And why?

A
  • in the circumvallate papillae
  • secrete seous fluid cantian lipase into the moat furrow like around the papillae
  • lipase prefent formation of hydrophobicfilm over the taste buds so it doesn’t hinder its function
33
Q

Whats the folliate papillae?

A
  • recognize in the younger thanthe adults
  • epidermal ridges interpierce the lamina properia
  • serous glands of lamina properia drain into the spaces between the papillae
  • well developed in rabits and monkeys
34
Q

Whats the taste buds and how much cell is it formed of?

A
  • ovoid intra epithelium structures

- formed of 50-75 spindle like cells

35
Q

Where is the sites of taste buds?

A
  • superior surface of fungiform papillae
  • lat surface of vallat
  • walls of maot like furrow
  • oral mucosa of soft palate and epiglottis
36
Q

What are the types of the cells that form the taste budS?and where doe they lay? And its parts?

A

-supporting cells(dark-sustenteculat)
-gustatory(taste cells)
-basal cells
————————-
-lay on the basal lamina where there synapses with affernt at the gustatory cells
-opening in its apical part(taste pole)
Microvill(taste hair)

37
Q

Whata the difference between the 3 cells of the taste?

A

-Gutatory(most numerous)
•Extend frombasal lamina to the taste pole
•synapes with cranail nerves 7,9,10
•contain microvilli on thier apicall surface
•turnover time:7-10days
———————————
-Dark supporting cells
Same as the gustatory but its not most numerous and doesn’t synap with affernt
•turnover:10days
——————————
-basal cells
Present on the basal lamina at the base of taste buds act as stem cells for the other cells
Same as the gustat

38
Q

Who’s responsible for every taste in taste buds?

A

Metal ions(salty)
Hydrogen ion(soure)
Alkaloids and toxins(bitter)
Sugar and other organic compunsd(sweet)

39
Q

The conscious perception of tates in food requires?

A

Olfactory and other sensation in addition to taste buds activity

40
Q

Whats the mucosa of the esophagus?

A
  • non keratinnized stratified squamous epithelium
  • contain blood vs lymphtics and nerves
  • esophageal cardiac glands near the stomach for mucus secretion
  • muscularis mucosa:inner circular and ourt longitudinal
41
Q

Submucosa of the esophagus?

A

Dese irrigular CT

  • contain larg blood vessels and lyphtics and submucosal plexus
  • contains small mucus secreting glands(esophageal glands)
  • diffuse lymphoid tissue and lymph nodules in the upper and lower part of the esophagus where submucosal glands most prevalent
42
Q

Musculoa of the esophagus?

A

Proximal part of the esophagus is skeletal muscle, middle part is mixed while distal part is smooth muscle only

43
Q

Serousa of esophagus?

A
  • Only the distal part of esophagus in the peritoneal cavity covered with serosa
  • the rest covered with thick CT adventitia blends to the surrounding tissue

Midterm (5 decks)

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