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Histology [GIT] Flashcards

1
Q

The digestive system is formed of?

A
  • Oral cavity
  • digestive tracts(esophagus-stomach-small intestine-larg intestine- rectum-anal canal)
  • major associative glands(liver-pancreas-salivary glands)
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2
Q

Whats the general structure of GIT?(layers)

A

Mucosa
-lining epithelium
-underlying lamina properia (loose CT rich in blood vs lymphtic lymphocytes and smooth muscle cells sometimes glands)
-muscularis mucosa (thin smooth layer seperate mucosa from submucosa
Submucosa
-dense CT have blood vs and lymphtics and submucosal plexus and may contain lypmpoid tisse and glands
Thick muscularis
-Inner circular and ourt longitudinal
-between the muscle sublayer CT have blood vs and lymphtics and meynteric plexus
Seroua
-loose CT have blood vs and lymphtic and adipose tissue line with simple squamous epithelium (mesothelium
-in areas the organ is not hanging boynd to other structures serosa replaced with (thick advantitia

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3
Q

Hirshsprung disease (conginetal mega colon)

A

Injury in the plexus of GIT so there is disturbing in GIT motility leads to dilation

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4
Q

Boundaries of oral cavities?

A 
Sup:hardand soft palat
Inf: floor of the mouth
Ant:lips
Lat:cheeks
Post: opening into the oropharynx by 2 palatoglossal folds
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5
Q

Whats the palatine ovula? And its core?lined with?

A

And and extension ofthe lower part of soft palate

  • core of muscle and loose CT
  • lining mucosa
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6
Q

What lines the oral cavity?

A

Oral mucosa (lining epithelium and underlying lamina properia of CT)

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7
Q

The surface cellsof oral epithelium shed continually replaced by?

A

Progany of stem cells in the basal epithilial layer

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8
Q

The lamina properia in oral mucosa contain?(generally)

A

-papillae,lymphtic,blood,sensory nerves

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9
Q

The oral mucosa continues with submucosa at?

A

Difused minor salivary glands

-soft palate, floor of the mouth, inferior surface of the tongue

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10
Q

Oral mucosa have 3 types?

A
  • masticatory mucosa(keratinnized stratified squamous epithelium for protection of mucosa in gingeva, hard palate , dorsum of the tongue
  • specialized mucosa( non keratinnized stratified squamous epithelium with taste buds in soft palate , dursum of the tonge, regions in pharynx
  • lining mucosa(non keratinnized stratified squamous epithelium in the inner surface of the lip, floor of the mouth,inferior surface of tongue, soft palate
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11
Q

The lining oral mucosa have in uts core 3 things?

A
  • muscle (tongue,lips,cheeks)
  • bones(alveolar mucosa)
  • glands(soft palat,cheeks, inferior surface of the tongue
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12
Q

The oral cavity is devided into?whats its content

A
  • Oral vistivule(area between teeth and cheeks and liips)
  • oral cavity proper( hard palate sup,floor of the mouth infer,orophynx post,teeth ant)
  • teeth and tongue
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13
Q

Whats herptic stomatitis?

A

Caused by HSV type 1 resides in trigeminal ganglion in dormant state

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14
Q

Whats the histology of the inner and ourt surface of the lip?

A
  • Ourt:thin skin and hair follicles and sweat and subecous glands
  • inner:non keratinnized stratified squamous epithelium mucosa on Underlying lamina properia CT that contains labial glands (tubuloacinar glands)
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15
Q

Whats the secretion of the labial glands of the lip and their location?

A
  • tubuloacinar glands( mainly mucoos-sometimes serous)

- in lamina properia of the inner surface of the lip

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16
Q

Whats the histology of the red margin(vermilion) of the lip

A
  • skin is lightly keratinnized and thin epiderm and transparent
  • highly microvasculature Ct
  • the papillae in the dermis is deep and numorous
  • highly enervated epiderms
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17
Q

Whats in the core of the lip?

A

Orbicularis oris muscle, dense fibroelastic CT

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18
Q

The cheeks histology? And its core?

A
  • have buccinator muscles in its core
  • ourt surface:skin
  • inner surface: lined by lining epithelium (non keratinnized stratified squamous) and buccal glands in the lamina properia
19
Q

Whats the type of glands in the cheeks and thier location?

A
  • buccal glands( seromucus) minor salivary glands

- in the lamina w

20
Q

Histology of soft palates?

A
  • Soft palate(have skeletal muscle,mucos glands, lymph nolules in its core)
  • its mucosa devided into anterior ( non keratinnized stratified squamous) and post(pseudistartified culumenar cilliated with goblet cells
21
Q

Histology of hard palate?

A
  • Contain bone in its core
  • keratinnized stratified squamous epithelium with underlying lamina properia CT
  • bounded to periosteum of the maxillary by dese CT
22
Q

Histology of pharynx?

A

-Oropharynx:oral mucosa
-Nasiphaynx: respiratory mucosa
-Laryngopharynx
.It contains the pharyngeal tonsills
.And mucus minor salivary glands in its lamina properia
.contrictors and longitudinal are outside of the layer

23
Q

Why does soft palat have two lining mucosa?

A

Its seperate the oral cavity from the nasal cavity and its posterior part contusion with the respiratory mucosa

24
Q

What seperate the tongue?what distinguishes the two parts

A
  • Sulcus terminals into ant 2/3 and post1/3 dorsal surfaces

- there is a bulge in the post 1/3 due to the lingual tonsil

25
Whats the histology of the dorsal surface of the tongue?
- its mucosa is thick and rough and most adherent - its ant 2/3 is irrigular due to presence of papillae - post 1/3 bulge due to lingual tonsill ( aggression of lymphoid tisse) - its mucosa partially keratinnized stratified squamous epithelium
26
Histology of the ventral surface of the tongue?
- Non keratinnized stratified squamous epithelium no papillae - contain lingual glands(seromucus) embedded in the muscle of the tongue in ventral portion
27
Whats the submucosa of the tongue?and where does the blood vs and nerves present in the tongue?
Dense irrigular collagenous CT | -in CT between muscle bundle
28
Whats the papillae and their composition?
- its mucosal irrigularties | - core of CT lined with stratified squamous epithelium
29
What are the types papillaes?
- filliform - fungiform - vallat(circumvallate)
30
Whats the difference between the 3 papillae from site,size and shape aspect?
-Fillifor Site :in the ant 2/3dorsal suf of tongue Size:small Shape: elongated conical -fungiform Site: in between filliform Size:latger Shape:mushroom-like dilated upper part narrow stalk -vallate(circumvallate) Site:form v shaped infront of sulcus terminals 7-12 Size:the largest Shape:circular sorrounded by moal like furrow
31
Whats the difference between the 3 papillae from structure and numer, functional aspects?
-Filliform: highly keratinnized stratified squamous epithelium gives it whit greysh color have no taste buds -function:provide rough surface for food movement during chewing ————————————- -fungiform:red in color lightly keratinnized and the core of CT is highly vascular, have taste buts on its upper surface -function: taste sensation ——————————— -vallat:not keratinnized stratified squamous epithelium [have half of the taste buds in human] have von evbner glands -function:taste sensation
32
Where do von ebner glands exist?and what does it secrete? And why?
- in the circumvallate papillae - secrete seous fluid cantian lipase into the moat furrow like around the papillae - lipase prefent formation of hydrophobicfilm over the taste buds so it doesn’t hinder its function
33
Whats the folliate papillae?
- recognize in the younger thanthe adults - epidermal ridges interpierce the lamina properia - serous glands of lamina properia drain into the spaces between the papillae - well developed in rabits and monkeys
34
Whats the taste buds and how much cell is it formed of?
- ovoid intra epithelium structures | - formed of 50-75 spindle like cells
35
Where is the sites of taste buds?
- superior surface of fungiform papillae - lat surface of vallat - walls of maot like furrow - oral mucosa of soft palate and epiglottis
36
What are the types of the cells that form the taste budS?and where doe they lay? And its parts?
-supporting cells(dark-sustenteculat) -gustatory(taste cells) -basal cells ————————- -lay on the basal lamina where there synapses with affernt at the gustatory cells -opening in its apical part(taste pole) Microvill(taste hair)
37
Whata the difference between the 3 cells of the taste?
-Gutatory(most numerous) •Extend frombasal lamina to the taste pole •synapes with cranail nerves 7,9,10 •contain microvilli on thier apicall surface •turnover time:7-10days ——————————— -Dark supporting cells Same as the gustatory but its not most numerous and doesn’t synap with affernt •turnover:10days —————————— -basal cells Present on the basal lamina at the base of taste buds act as stem cells for the other cells Same as the gustat
38
Who’s responsible for every taste in taste buds?
Metal ions(salty) Hydrogen ion(soure) Alkaloids and toxins(bitter) Sugar and other organic compunsd(sweet)
39
The conscious perception of tates in food requires?
Olfactory and other sensation in addition to taste buds activity
40
Whats the mucosa of the esophagus?
- non keratinnized stratified squamous epithelium - contain blood vs lymphtics and nerves - esophageal cardiac glands near the stomach for mucus secretion - muscularis mucosa:inner circular and ourt longitudinal
41
Submucosa of the esophagus?
Dese irrigular CT - contain larg blood vessels and lyphtics and submucosal plexus - contains small mucus secreting glands(esophageal glands) - diffuse lymphoid tissue and lymph nodules in the upper and lower part of the esophagus where submucosal glands most prevalent
42
Musculoa of the esophagus?
Proximal part of the esophagus is skeletal muscle, middle part is mixed while distal part is smooth muscle only
43
Serousa of esophagus?
- Only the distal part of esophagus in the peritoneal cavity covered with serosa - the rest covered with thick CT adventitia blends to the surrounding tissue

Midterm (5 decks)

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