Histology Exam 1 Notes Flashcards
Kartagener’s Syndrome
Causes sterility in Males due to non-functional flagella on sperm.
Kartagener’s Syndrome, Dextrocardia (Situs Invertus), and hydrocephalus all have what in common?
When microtubules lack dynein arms which impairs or shuts down cilia motility
Metachronal Rhythm describes the motion of what?
Cilia
Axoneme
The “9+2” arrangement of microtubules
Each cilium arises from individual ________ develop from centrioles.
Basal Bodies
What is this an image of?
Light Micrograph of the Central Canal of the Spinal Cord In Transverse Section
What is this an image of?
Central Canal of the Spinal Cord
What are the small basophilic cells in the center called?
Granular cells, which are the smallest and most numerous type of neuron in the brain
Name this structure?
Cerebellum
Name this Structure?
Cerebellum
Communicating Junction or Nexus Junctions are also known as what?
Gap Junctions
Zonula Occludins
Tight Junction
Zonula Adherens
Adherens Junction
Macula Adherens contains which type of junction
Desmosomes
Zonula Occludins, Zonula Adherens, and Macula Adherens make up what?
The Junctional Complex/Terminal Bar
Its the terminal that allows some passengers, blocks some passengers, and connects the airport together.
Parenchyma
Cells that make up the functional unit of an organ
Examples: Cardiac muscle cells of heart, Hepatocytes of liver, and aveoli, bronchi, and bronchioles in the heart are all known as which part of the organ?
Parenchyma
Name this structure
Euchromatin/lamp brush chromosome
Name this organelle.
Smooth ER
Which phase of cell division is this?
Prophase
Which phase of cell division is this?
Metaphase
Which phase of cell division is this?
Anaphase
Which phase of cell division is this?
Telophase
Which phase of cell division is this?
Telophase
Which type of gland is this?
Serous Gland
“Seriously Basophilic”
Which type of gland has basophilic acini?
Serous Gland
Which type of gland is this?
Mucous Gland
Which type of gland has clear acini?
Mucous Gland, mucous stains clear with H&E like glycogen, Mucous requires methylene blue
The stroma of a organ refers to what?
The structural framework of an organ, background tissue
What happens if tissues are unfixed during preparation?
They autolyze/denature (rot)
Formalin is used in tissue preparation for what purpose?
To “fix” tissues/ prevent from rotting. (Contains large amounts of formaldehyde)
Name this structure.
Barr Body (dark spot in nucleus)
What is a Barr body
Inactive X chromosome that is only seen in females since they have XX chromosomes, only one can be active.
The golgi apparatus has two faces the forming face and the maturing face what is the role of the forming face?
The FORMing is used to form the vesicles that are received from the Endoplasmic Reticulum.
What is the process for exocytosing proteins starting with synthesis in the ribosomes?
1) Rough ER
2) Smooth ER
3) Cis Face of Golgi
4) Trans Face of Golgi
5) Exocytosis
What’s the main difference between primary
What cell are these?
Mast Cells
What stage of cell division is this?
Prometaphase/ Late prophase
Apoptosis/Necrosis begins with the condensation of nucleus chromatin & shrinkage of nucleus, this process is called what?
Pyknosis
What is the second stage of apoptosis?
Karyorrhexis
During which stage of apoptosis/necrosis does the nucleus breaks apart, or fragments, like a cookie crumbling into bits?
Karyorrhexis
During which stage of apoptosis/necrosis is occuring when the nucleus just fades away
Karyolysis
What is the third stage of apoptosis/necrosis?
Karyolysis
Which stage of apoptosis/necrosis is when the the nucleus shrinks and becomes dark blue/black?
Pyknosis
What is the name for the process of white blood cell production?
Myelopoiesis
What is this an image of?
Inclusions which are non-living parts of a cell such as fat droplets, lipids, glycogen, and secretory & pigment granules.
Melanin and lipofuscin are two examples of Intracytoplasmic ______________.
Inclusions: non-living components of a cell.
Name these cells
Eosinophil
-Bilobed nucleus
-Histaminase in granules to counter basophils
Monocytes become what?
Macrophages
Thrombocytes are also known as what?
Platelets
What process is taking place here?
Myelopoiesis
Where does Myelopoiesis take place
Bone Marrow
Myelopoiesis is the production of which type of cell?
White blood cell/leukocytes
Which cell type is this?
Ependymal cells
-Lining ventricles and central canal
Where does Myelopoiesis take place?
Bone Marrow
Stab Cells or Band Cells are also known as what?
Immature Neutrophils
Platelets/Thrombocytes are derived from what larger structer
