Histology Exam 1 Notes

Question 1

Kartagener’s Syndrome

Answer 1

Causes sterility in Males due to non-functional flagella on sperm.

Question 2

Kartagener’s Syndrome, Dextrocardia (Situs Invertus), and hydrocephalus all have what in common?

Answer 2

When microtubules lack dynein arms which impairs or shuts down cilia motility

Question 3

Metachronal Rhythm describes the motion of what?

Answer 3

Cilia

Question 4

Axoneme

Answer 4

The “9+2” arrangement of microtubules

Question 5

Each cilium arises from individual ________ develop from centrioles.

Answer 5

Basal Bodies

Question 6

What is this an image of?

Answer 6

Light Micrograph of the Central Canal of the Spinal Cord In Transverse Section

Question 7

What is this an image of?

Answer 7

Central Canal of the Spinal Cord

Question 8

What are the small basophilic cells in the center called?

Answer 8

Granular cells, which are the smallest and most numerous type of neuron in the brain

Question 9

Name this structure?

Answer 9

Cerebellum

Question 10

Name this Structure?

Answer 10

Cerebellum

Question 11

Communicating Junction or Nexus Junctions are also known as what?

Answer 11

Gap Junctions

Question 12

Zonula Occludins

Answer 12

Tight Junction

Question 13

Zonula Adherens

Answer 13

Adherens Junction

Question 14

Macula Adherens contains which type of junction

Answer 14

Desmosomes

Question 15

Zonula Occludins, Zonula Adherens, and Macula Adherens make up what?

Answer 15

The Junctional Complex/Terminal Bar
Its the terminal that allows some passengers, blocks some passengers, and connects the airport together.

Question 16

Parenchyma

Answer 16

Cells that make up the functional unit of an organ

Question 17

Examples: Cardiac muscle cells of heart, Hepatocytes of liver, and aveoli, bronchi, and bronchioles in the heart are all known as which part of the organ?

Answer 17

Parenchyma

Question 18

Name this structure

Answer 18

Euchromatin/lamp brush chromosome

Question 19

Name this organelle.

Answer 19

Smooth ER

Question 20

Which phase of cell division is this?

Answer 20

Prophase

Question 21

Which phase of cell division is this?

Answer 21

Metaphase

Question 22

Which phase of cell division is this?

Answer 22

Anaphase

Question 23

Which phase of cell division is this?

Answer 23

Telophase

Question 24

Which phase of cell division is this?

Answer 24

Telophase

Question 25

Which type of gland is this?

Answer 25

Serous Gland
“Seriously Basophilic”

Question 26

Which type of gland has basophilic acini?

Answer 26

Serous Gland

Question 27

Which type of gland is this?

Answer 27

Mucous Gland

Question 28

Which type of gland has clear acini?

Answer 28

Mucous Gland, mucous stains clear with H&E like glycogen, Mucous requires methylene blue

Question 29

The stroma of a organ refers to what?

Answer 29

The structural framework of an organ, background tissue

Question 30

What happens if tissues are unfixed during preparation?

Answer 30

They autolyze/denature (rot)

Question 31

Formalin is used in tissue preparation for what purpose?

Answer 31

To “fix” tissues/ prevent from rotting. (Contains large amounts of formaldehyde)

Question 32

Name this structure.

Answer 32

Barr Body (dark spot in nucleus)

Question 33

What is a Barr body

Answer 33

Inactive X chromosome that is only seen in females since they have XX chromosomes, only one can be active.

Question 34

The golgi apparatus has two faces the forming face and the maturing face what is the role of the forming face?

Answer 34

The FORMing is used to form the vesicles that are received from the Endoplasmic Reticulum.

Question 35

What is the process for exocytosing proteins starting with synthesis in the ribosomes?

Answer 35

1) Rough ER
2) Smooth ER
3) Cis Face of Golgi
4) Trans Face of Golgi
5) Exocytosis

Question 36

What’s the main difference between primary

Question 37

What cell are these?

Answer 37

Mast Cells

Question 38

What stage of cell division is this?

Answer 38

Prometaphase/ Late prophase

Question 39

Apoptosis/Necrosis begins with the condensation of nucleus chromatin & shrinkage of nucleus, this process is called what?

Answer 39

Pyknosis

Question 40

What is the second stage of apoptosis?

Answer 40

Karyorrhexis

Question 41

During which stage of apoptosis/necrosis does the nucleus breaks apart, or fragments, like a cookie crumbling into bits?

Answer 41

Karyorrhexis

Question 42

During which stage of apoptosis/necrosis is occuring when the nucleus just fades away

Answer 42

Karyolysis

Question 43

What is the third stage of apoptosis/necrosis?

Answer 43

Karyolysis

Question 44

Which stage of apoptosis/necrosis is when the the nucleus shrinks and becomes dark blue/black?

Answer 44

Pyknosis

Question 45

What is the name for the process of white blood cell production?

Answer 45

Myelopoiesis

Question 46

What is this an image of?

Answer 46

Inclusions which are non-living parts of a cell such as fat droplets, lipids, glycogen, and secretory & pigment granules.

Question 47

Melanin and lipofuscin are two examples of Intracytoplasmic ______________.

Answer 47

Inclusions: non-living components of a cell.

Question 48

Name these cells

Answer 48

Eosinophil
-Bilobed nucleus
-Histaminase in granules to counter basophils

Question 49

Monocytes become what?

Answer 49

Macrophages

Question 50

Thrombocytes are also known as what?

Answer 50

Platelets

Question 51

What process is taking place here?

Answer 51

Myelopoiesis

Question 52

Where does Myelopoiesis take place

Answer 52

Bone Marrow

Question 53

Myelopoiesis is the production of which type of cell?

Answer 53

White blood cell/leukocytes

Question 54

Which cell type is this?

Answer 54

Ependymal cells
-Lining ventricles and central canal

Question 55

Where does Myelopoiesis take place?

Answer 55

Bone Marrow

Question 56

Stab Cells or Band Cells are also known as what?

Answer 56

Immature Neutrophils

Question 57

Platelets/Thrombocytes are derived from what larger structer