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Endo Week 4 > Histology > Flashcards

Histology Flashcards

1
Q

what is the thickened posterior portion of the tunica albuginea called?

A

mediastinum testis

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2
Q

what does the mediastinum testis do?

A

it divides the organ into 250 compartments or testicular lobules

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3
Q

what is within the testicular lobules?

A

lots of semineferous tubules

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4
Q

what are the interstitial cells of leydig

A

cells between semineferous tubules

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5
Q

what do cells of leydig secrete?

A

testosterone

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6
Q

what do cells of leydig have in them that is precursor to testosterone?

A

have cholesterol in them

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7
Q

what can be on histo that is special in leydig cells?

A

Reinke crystals that are cytoplasmic inclusions

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8
Q

what do seminefirous tubules feed into?

A

tubuli recti

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9
Q

what do tubuli recti feed into?

A

rete testis

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10
Q

what is within seminiferous tubules that is important for sperm?

A

speratogenic cells

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11
Q

aside from spermatogenic cells in the seminefirous tubules, what is other cell?

A

sertoli cell

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12
Q

what activates cells of leydig?

A

LH

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13
Q

what activates sertoli cells?

A

FSH

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14
Q

what do sertoli cells synthesize?

A

ABG…androgen binding protein

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15
Q

what si the role of ABG?

A

to maintain right amount of testosterone in seminefirous tubules to make sperm

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16
Q

aside from ABG, what do sertoli cells secrete?

A

inhibin

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17
Q

what is the role of inhibin?

A

inhibits release of FSH from ant pit

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18
Q

aside from ABG, inhibin, what else do sertoli cells secrete?

A

antimellurian hormone

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19
Q

what is anti mellurian hormone?

A

helps determine body hair and shape

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20
Q

what can sertoli cells phagocytose?

A

excess cytoplasm from maturing sperm

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21
Q

how do sertoli cells connect with each other?

A

tight junctions

22
Q

what do sertoli cell tigh junctions form in the testis?

A

a testi blood barrier

23
Q

name the three phases of spermatogenesis

A

spermatocytogenesis
meiosis
spermiogenesis

24
Q

what is spermatocytogenesis ?

A

differentiation of spermatogonia into primary spermatocytes

25
Q

what is spermiogenesis?

A

transformation of spermatids into spermatozoa

26
Q

name the five cells in the sperm prdxn process

A 
spermatogonia into
primary spermatocytes into
secondary spermatocytes
into spermatids
into spermatozoa
27
Q

what do you see more of, primary or secondary spermatocytes? why?

A

primary because they are in that phase longr

28
Q

what is DNA make up of spermatogonia?

A

regular diploid but go through mitosis to lead to prrimary spermatocytes

29
Q

what is DNA make up of primary spermatocytes?

A

4cDNA

30
Q

what is DNA change to make secondary spermatocytes?

A

meiosis 1

31
Q

what is DNA make up of secondary spermatocytes?

A

2cDNA

32
Q

what is DNA change to make spermatids?

A

meiosis II`

33
Q

what are the phases of change for spermatids?

A

golgi
cap
acrosomal
maturation

34
Q

what is the epithelium of ductus efferentes?

A

ciliated columnar cells with unciliated cuboidal cells

35
Q

what is the covering of ductus efferentes?

A

loose connective tissue with thin layer of SM

36
Q

what is the fxn of the ductus efferentes?

A

resorb fluid from semen

37
Q

what is the epithelium of epididymis ?

A

pseudostrat columnar

38
Q

what is the covering of epididymis?

A

loose connective with think layer of SM

39
Q

what is the fxn of the epididymis ?

A

resorb fluid and secrete things that delay full dvlpmnt of sperm until in female

40
Q

what is the epithelium of ductus deferens?

A

pseudostarat columnar

41
Q

what is the covering of ductus deferens?

A

3 layers of smooth muscle

42
Q

what is the fxn of the ductus deferens?

A

conduct sperm

43
Q

what is the epithelium of the ejaculatory duct?

A

simple columnar

44
Q

what is the fxn of the seminal vesicles?

A

secrete fluid that has fructose etc to activate the sperm

45
Q

what is within the prostate that is important for ejaculation?

A

30-50 tubuloalveolar glands that empty into excretory ducts that drain into ejaculatoryduct

46
Q

what is corpora amylacea?

A

prostatic concentrations that become calcified

47
Q

are corpora amylacea bad?

A

no they increase with age and have no issues

48
Q

where are corpora amylacea found?

A

in prostate

49
Q

what is the fxn of the fluid released by the prostate?

A

to liquify the coagulated semen after it is deposited in the female

50
Q

name a few things in the prostate secretions

A

proteolytic enzymes
citric acid
acid phosphatase
fibrinolysin

Endo Week 4 (3 decks)

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