Histology

Question 1

skeletal muscle fibres are striated true/false

Answer 1

true

Question 2

how many nuclei do skeletal muscles have and where are they located

Answer 2

multi-nucleated

found at periphery

Question 3

muscle fibres are grouped into what

Answer 3

fascicles

Question 4

what is the name of the connective tissue surrounding a single muscle fibre

Answer 4

endomysium

Question 5

what is the name of the connective tissue surrounding a single muscle fascicle

Answer 5

perimysium

Question 6

what is the name of the connective tissue surrounding an entire muscle

Answer 6

epimysium

Question 7

what are muscle fibres made up of

Answer 7

myofibrils

Question 8

what is the functional unit of a muscle called

Answer 8

sarcomere

Question 9

describe a motor unit

Answer 9

one motor neurone and all the muscle fibres it innervates, the fewer the muscle fibres the finer the control

Question 10

describe type I skeletal muscle fibres

Answer 10

resistant to fatigue, slow contracting and produce less force, oxidative dependent

Question 11

describe type IIA skeletal muscle fibres

Answer 11

intermediate of the other two relatively resistant to fatigue and quick to contract

Question 12

descrive type IIB skeletal muscle fibres

Answer 12

fast to contract with greater force, fatigue easily and anaerobic metabolism

Question 13

cartilage is avascular, where does it get its nutrients from

Answer 13

extra-cellular matrix

Question 14

what type of cell makes up cartilage

Answer 14

chrondroblasts

Question 15

name the three types of cartilage and which is most common

Answer 15

hyaline - most common
elastic
fibrocartilage - made up of type I collagen

Question 16

what are the three main components of bone

Answer 16

bioappatite (calcium phosphate 65%)
collagen 23%
water 10%

Question 17

describe cortical and cancellous/trabecular bone and where it is located

Answer 17

cortical bone - dense bone making up the shaft of the bone in the middle
cancellous/trabecular - softer, less dense meshwork making up the epiphyses at the end

Question 18

what are osteoprogenitor cells

Answer 18

reserve pool of osteoblasts found on surface of bone

Question 19

what are osteoblasts

Answer 19

bone forming cells on the surface of developing bone

Question 20

what are osteocytes

Answer 20

bone cells found within the bone matrix

Question 21

what are osteoclasts

Answer 21

large multi-nucleated cells responsible for bone resorption

Question 22

describe the difference between lamellar and woven bone

Answer 22

woven bone is bone laid down after a break, not as strong as the collagen fibres are not lined up in the same way, thrown down in haphazard fashion