Histology Flashcards
Describe the histological features of adenocarcinomas
E.g. Mucin production in glands
- Lung, Breast, Stomach, Colon, Pancreas, Etc.
Describe the histological features of squamous cell carcinomas
e. g. Increased keratin production, Intracellular bridges
- Skin, Head and neck, Oesophagus, Anus, Cervix, Vagina
- Metaplastic lung tissue
Describe the histological features of transitional cell carcinomas
- Urinary system
- Cervix to vagina
Describe the histological features of malignant melanomas
- Itchy
- Multi coloured
- Lots of melanin
Describe the histological features of lymphomas
- Lymphocytes
- Responds better to certain chemo
Describe the cytological features of macrophages and to state the type of inflammatory processes they are associated with
- End of acute inflammation
- Chornic inflammation
> Granulomas - Phagocytes
- Can get in sputum samples
Give 3 examples of histochemical and immunohistochemical stains
Histochemical
- Eosin
Give 3 examples of histochemical and immunohistochemical stains
Histochemical
- Eosin (allergy)
- Ziehl Neelson (for TB)
- Mucin Stain (glandular)
- Fontana stain (for mucin)
Immunohistochemical
What is a granuloma?
Organised collection of activated macrophages (epithelioid)
What does epithelioid mean?
Looks like epithelial cells
- Activated macrophages
What is a histochemical stain?
Based on the chemical reaction between the stain and a specific component of the tissue.
The product of this reaction has a specific colour or other property which can be identified.
Give 3 examples of histochemical and immunohistochemical stains
Histochemical
- Eosin (allergy)
- H&E
- Ziehl Neelson (for TB)
- Mucin Stain (glandular)
- Fontana stain (for mucin)
- Prussian Blue iron stain (Haemochromatosis)
- Congo Red Positive with apple green birefringence (amyloid)
Immunohistochemical (literally anything)
- Immunofluorescence (Rabbit anti A with fluorescence bound goat anti rabbit)
- Immunoperoxidase
Give 3 examples of histochemical and immunohistochemical stains
Histochemical
- Eosin (allergy)
- H&E
- Ziehl Neelson (for TB)
- Mucin Stain (glandular)
- Fontana stain (for mucin)
- Prussian Blue iron stain (Haemochromatosis)
- Congo Red Positive with apple green birefringence (amyloid)
Immunohistochemical (literally anything)
- Immunofluorescence (Rabbit anti A with fluorescence bound goat anti rabbit)
- Immunoperoxidase
Describe 3 clinical scenarios of cases in which histochemical and immunohistochemical stains are useful
Histochemical
- Eosin (allergy)
- H&E
- Ziehl Neelson (for TB)
- Mucin Stain (glandular)
- Fontana stain (for mucin)
- Prussian Blue iron stain (Haemochromatosis)
- Congo Red Positive with apple green birefringence (amyloid)
Immunohistochemical (literally anything)
- Immunofluorescence (Rabbit anti A with fluorescence bound goat anti rabbit)
- Immunoperoxidase
> For Herpes ID/ type of infection
What is an immunohistochemical stain?
Based on using an antibody specific to an antigen in the tissue.
Need a detection system to make this binding visible.
