Histology

Question 1

Answer 1

Endomysium (C)

Question 2

Answer 2

Smooth muscle

Question 3

Answer 3

Perimysium (b)

Question 4

Answer 4

Striated squeletal muscle

Question 5

Answer 5

Z line (C) or I band (B)

Question 6

Answer 6

Intercalated disk (D)

Question 7

Answer 7

Capillary (C)

Question 8

Answer 8

Endothelial cell (B)

Question 9

Answer 9

M line aka Morales line chica (A)

Question 10

Answer 10

Intercalated disk (D)

Question 11

Answer 11

Perineurium (C)

Question 12

Answer 12

Intima (A)

Question 13

Answer 13

Adventica (C)

Question 14

Answer 14

Venule (C)

Question 15

Answer 15

Muscular artery (A)

Question 16

Answer 16

Elastic lamina (C)

Question 17

Answer 17

Lumen of a large vein (C)

Question 18

Answer 18

Arteriole (D)

Question 19

Answer 19

Intima (D)

Question 20

Answer 20

Media (B)

Question 21

Answer 21

Media (B)

Question 22

Answer 22

Elastic artery (D)

Question 23

Answer 23

Arteriole and venule (D)

Question 24

Answer 24

Media (B)

Question 25

Answer 25

B

Question 26

What is the smallest repetitive subunit of the contractile apparatus?

Answer 26

Sarcomere from Z line to Z line (2-3mm)

Question 27

What are the types of bands/lines that change form during muscle contraction?

Answer 27

Pseudo H and I band change (smaller when contracting) but NOT A and M bands

Question 28

By what are composed the A and I bands?

Answer 28

• A bands are composed of myosin (thick filaments)
• I bands are composed actin filaments where the contraction occurs

Question 29

What ion is essential to muscle contraction?

Answer 29

CALCIUM (Ca²⁺)

Mechanism: Myofibrils are surrounded by sacroplasmic reticulum which secretes the Ca²⁺ that leads to the contraction. TnI inhibit the actin myosin interaction, TnC binds Ca²⁺ and TnT anchors to Tropomyosin that contracts the cells. Then the calcium comes back into the sacroplasmic reticulum. Contraction in striated muscle fibbers is quick, forceful and usually under voluntary control.

Question 30

True or false: hyperplasia is normal in cardiac muscle cells

Answer 30

TRUE

Hyperplasia is normal, but NOT hypertrophy (hypertrophy is normal in squeletal muscles)

Question 31

Which type of muscle does not have sacroplasmic reticulum surrounding microfibrils?

Answer 31

Smooth muscle cells. Note that they still need calcium to contract.

Question 32

What differentiates

• Elastic artery
• Muscular artery
• Arteriole
• Large vein
• Middle size vein
• Venules

Answer 32

• Elastic artery: smooth muscle and elastic membrane
• Muscular artery: 4 or more concentric layer of smooth muscle
• Arteriole: 1-2 layers of smooth muscle cells
• Large vein: muscular separated by CT
• Middle size vein: fewer muscular cells
• Venules: no smooth muscle