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S&F IV: Exam Two- European Gigalo > Histology > Flashcards

Histology Flashcards

1
Q

Superior hypophyseal arteries

A

Supply the pars tuberalis, the infundibulum, and the medium imminence; stems from the ICA

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2
Q

Acidophiles

A

Somatotropes and Mammotropes

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3
Q

Basophiles

A

Thyrotropes, Gonadotropes, and Corticotropes

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4
Q

Herring Bodies

A

Storage vesicles of neurohypophyseal hormones

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5
Q

Parafollicular cells

A

Secrete calcitonin; production is independent of pituitary control

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6
Q

Chief Cells

A

Secrete PTH to increase levels of circulating Ca2+; independent of pituitary conrol

*Parathyroid gland also has oxyphil cells w/ unknown fnxn

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7
Q

Embryological Origin of Adrenals

A

Medulla => Modified postganglionic sympathetic neurons that have lost their axons and dendrites
-Makes the medulla under direct CNS control

Cortex => Separate, mesodermal origin

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8
Q

Adenohypophysis parts

A

Pars Distalis = largest part

Pars tuberalis = surrounds the neural stalk

Pars intermedia = division b/w the neurohypophysis; least developed

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9
Q

Cells found in the seminiferous epithelium

A

Sertoli and Germ cells

Collectively called the germinal epithelium

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10
Q

Ductus Efferentes

A

Creates a current that transports sperm to the ductus epididymis; consists of uneven pseudostratified columnar epithelial cell

*Absorbs most seminal fluid via non-ciliated epithelial

Ciliated epithelial fnxn to move sperm

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11
Q

Ductus epididymis

A

Highly coiled site that fnxns to store and mature sperm; consists of pseudostratified columnar epithelia

*Stereocilia will reabsorb leftover testicular fluid that made it thru the ductus efferentes; will also decapacitate sperm

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12
Q

Vas deferens

A

Lined by ciliated, pseudostratified columnar epithelia

*Contains 3 layers of smooth muscle; middle layer is thick and circular

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13
Q

Prostate Gland

A

Tubuloacinar gland w/ pseudostratified columnar epithelia

*Prostatic urethra= transitional epithelia

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14
Q

Seminal Vesicle

A

Gland w/ primary and secondary mucosal folds that secretes viscous, fructose-rich fluid for sperm maturation

-Has inner circular smooth muscle and outer longitudinal

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15
Q

Bulbourethral gland

A

A compound tubuloacinar gland enveloped in a fibroelastic capsule w/ skeletal AND smooth muscle

*Found in the UGD; is why there is skeletal muscle

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16
Q

Graafian follicles

A

Contains a fluid antrum b/w the granulosa cells along w/ a theca interna and externa

(pre-ovulatory follicle)

17
Q

Corpus albicans

A

CT scar that is the remnant of the regression of a corpus luteum

18
Q

Blood supply to the stratum functionalis

A

Spiral arteries

19
Q

Blood supply to the stratum basalis

A

Straight arteries; branch of the arcuate arteries

20
Q

Uterine Epithelia

A

Simple columnar

21
Q

Vagina epithelia

A

Non-keratinized, stratified squamous

22
Q

Stratum functionalis during follicular phase

A

Coiled arteries are deep

CT is compact

Uterine glands are straight

23
Q

Stratum functionalis during luteal phase

A

Coiled arteries expand upwards

Epithelia undergoes hypertrophy

Uterine glands are coiled w/ increased carbohydrate content

24
Q

Mammary Glands

A

Compound tubuloalveolar glands that have an excretory lactiferous duct

  • Terminal ducts branch from lactiferous ducts and develop alveoli at the ends
  • Intralobular ducts receive initial milk?
25
Q

Which portion of the pituitary is bright on T1 weighted images?

A

The posterior pituitary

  • On T2, it is darker
  • Anterior pituitary is always isointense
26
Q

What radiological exam should be ordered for a patient presenting w/ testicular pain?

A

Ultrasound

*Doppler flow can exclude testicular torsion

27
Q

On what sequence is fat bright?

A

T1

28
Q

On what sequence is fluid bright?

A

T2

*Think H2O

29
Q

Pituicytes

A

Cells of the neurohypophysis

30
Q

Spongiocytes

A

Found in the zona fasciculata; contain lipid vacuoles

CHARACTERISTIC OF THIS REGION; look closely, they’re small

31
Q

Most common imaging modality for reproductive

A

Ultrasound

32
Q

Hysterosalpingogram

A

Tests for patency of the Fallopian tubes; contrast will appear in the ovaries

33
Q

Mammography screening standard image

A

Crainocaudal (CC) and Mediolateral oblique (MLO)

34
Q

BI-RADS CATEGORIES

A

BI-RAD 5 are highly indicative of malignancy

35
Q

Pars intermedia

A

Division b/w anterior and posterior pituitary ; contains colloid-filled cysts

36
Q

Corpora arenacea

A

“Brain sand”

Radiological landmark for the pineal gland

S&F IV: Exam Two- European Gigalo (14 decks)

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