Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histo Tri 1 NYCC > Histo Midterm 2 - Skin > Flashcards

Histo Midterm 2 - Skin Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 main layers of skin?

A

Epidermis - derived from ectoderm

Dermis - derived from mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What type of tissue makes up the epidermis?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the features of Thick skin? Locations?

A

Locations: palms of hands, soles of feet, callouses

5 Layers

  • 1)Stratum basale/germinativum
  • 2)Stratum spinosum
  • 3)Stratum granulosum
  • 4)Stratum Lucidum
  • 5)Stratum Corneum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the features of the stratum basale layer?

A

Basophilic cuboidal-like cells (pre-keratinocytes)
Hi mitotic activity
Renewal @ 15-30 days
Irregular basement membrane
Contain: numerous hemidesmosomes, melanocytes (synth melanin pigment, derived from neural crest), Merkel’s cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where are Merker’s cells located?

A

Palms, soles, and oral mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the features of Stratum spinosum layer?

A

Many layers
Prominent intercellular bridges (Desmosomes)
Keratinocytes - produce membrane-coating granules
Tonofilaments - intermediate filaments in desmosomes
Langerhans cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are Langerhans cells?

A

defense cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the features of the stratum granulosum layer?

A

3-5 layers of flat polygonal cells

Coarse basophilic granules of keratohyalin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the features of the Stratum lucidum layer?

A

Only in thick skin
Flat cells w/ no nuclei or organelles
Cells filled w/ eleidin (intermediate keratin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the features of the stratum corneum layer?

A

15-20 layers of flat non-nucleated cells
Filled scleroprotein keratin
Layer determines thick or thin skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the features of thin skin?

A

Reduced thickness of all layers
Typically have: corneum, intermediate, and basale layers

No stratum lucidum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the difference between Rete pegs and Dermal papilla?

A

Rete pegs - downward projections of epidermal cells

Dermal papilla - upward projections of epidermal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the 2 layers of the dermis?

A

Papillary layer and Reticular layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the features of Papillary layer?

A

Layer immediately under epidermis
Thin loose CT w/ anchoring fibrils (Type IV) in basal lamina
Dermal papilla
Meisner’s corpuscles - sensory receptor for touch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the features of the reticular layer?

A

Consists of DICT (type 1) and elastic fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the glandular units in the dermis?

A

Secretory units that use merocrine/eccrine type of secretion

17
Q

What are the features of the sweat gland ducts?

A

Begin in the reticular layer -> extend upward and penetrate into Rete pegs -> spiral towards the surface

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

Contain myoepithelial cells at the basement mebrane (function: squeeze)

18
Q

What tissue makes up the subcutaneous layer?

A

Hypodermis - mainly adipose tissue, numerous blood vessels, nerves, and receptors

Location: Giggle when you wiggle

19
Q

What are the structures of the hair?

A

Hair follicle - formed from epithelial downgrowth

Root sheaths - composed of stratum basale, stratum spinosum, and CT

Hair shaft - medulla, cortex, and cuticle

Arrector pilli - smooth muscle attach to each follicle; cause hair to “stand on end”

Sebaceous glands - protect hair w/ oils; example of holocrine secretion

20
Q

Features of each layer of hair shaft?

A

Medulla - continuous serious of air pockets at the center of the hair

Cortex - dense compacted keratin

Cuticle - layer of keratinized scale-like cells covering shaft

21
Q

What determines hair color?

A

Activity of melanocytes covering hair papilla

22
Q

Features of nails?

A

Nail bed - epithelial tissue under nail plate

Nail matrix - where new nail is formed

Lunula - anterior edge of new nail

Cuticle/eponychium - holds nail plate at proximal end and protects against microorganisms

23
Q

What are the functions of the skin?

A

Temperature control, mechanical barrier, regulation barrier, regulation of water loss, excretion of waste, storage of fat, synthesis of vitamin D, receptors for sensations

Histo Tri 1 NYCC (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions