HISTO By MR. AFRICA Flashcards by Dead Braincells

It is the best fixative for blood smears is:

a. bouin’s solution
b. carnoy’s fluid
c. methanol
d. osmium tetroxide

methanol

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Helly’s fluid contains all of the following except:

a. Mercuric chloride
b. potassium dichromate
c. sodium sulphate
d. glacial acetic acid

glacial acetic acid

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This is the best decalcifying agent:

a. nitric acid
b. formic acid
c. TCA
d. acetic acid

nitric acid

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Paraformaldehyde deposits are be removed by addition of:

a. saturated alcoholic picric acid
b. alcoholic lithium chloride
c. iodine & sodium thiosulfate
d. 10% methanol

10% methanol

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For chromic acid fixed tissue, what is used to wash the specimen?

a. tap water
b. 70% ethanol
c. alcoholic iodine
d. potassium permanganate

tap water

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The fixation begins at the:

a. center-outward
b. center-inward
c. periphery-outward
d. periphery-inward

periphery-inward

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For most fixatives, the volume of fixing fluid in relation to the volume of the tissue should be:

a. 2-5 times
b. 6-9 times
c. 7-12 times
d. 10- 20 times

10- 20 times

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One of the action of acetic acid is to:

a. preserves nucleoproteins
b. fixes chromosomes
c. preserves the chromatin
d. All of these

All of these

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Which of the following fixatives has a mordanting effect towards the tissues?

a. carnoy’s solution
b. 10% formalin
c. absolute alcohol
d. zenker’s solution

zenker’s solution

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This clearing agent has a toxic & carcinogenic effect on the worker, and can cause aplastic anemia on prolonged exposure:

a. chloroform
b. xylene
c. benzene
d. toluene

benzene

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In electron microscopy, glutaraldehyde function as a:

a. dehydrating agent
b. clearing agent
c. embedding agents
d. fixatives

fixatives

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This fixative requires less amount for it to exerts it action:

a. acetone
b. Flemming’s solution
c. trichloroacetic acid
d. Formalin

Flemming’s solution

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This fixative is incorporated to other fixatives because of its
swelling effect?

a. flemming’s w/o acetic acid
b. acetone
c. trichloroacetic acid
d. flemming’s solution

trichloroacetic acid

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This is the process of removing intercellular & extracellular water from the tissue:

a. decalcification
b. dealcoholisation
c. dehydration
d. clearing

dehydration

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Which fixative is good for electron microscopy?

a. 10% NBF
b. Glutaraldehyde
c. acetone
d. Orth’s

Glutaraldehyde

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Which reagent/s is/are both acting as a dehydrating & clearing
agent?

a. dioxane
b. THF
c. both
d. Neither

both

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With this reagent, the tissue has the tendency on the solution?

a. tetrahydrofuran
b. Clove oil
c. benzene
d. Chloroform

Chloroform

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After the clearing process, xylene turns milky, it signify
incomplete _________?

a. fixation
b. Dehydration
c. both
d. Neither

Dehydration

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Which of the following methods is not used to remove the
paraformaldehyde deposits?

a. filtration
b. 10% methanol
b. All of these
e. None of these

None of these

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Reason why the acetic acid is removed from the solution of Flemming:

a. remove the artefacts
b. improves nuclear details
c. improves cytoplasmic details
d. remove paraformaldehyde deposits

improves cytoplasmic details

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Which is not a physiologic atrophy?

a. uterus after delivery
b. Thymus during puberty
c. pressure atrophy
d. Atrophy of the brain during late adulthood

pressure atrophy

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Tissue size increases because of size increase of the individual cells:

a. hypertrophy
b. Hyperplasia
c. metaplasia
d. Dysplasia

hypertrophy

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Failure of an organ to reach its full, mature size:

a. atresia
b. Aplasia
c. anaplasia
d. Agenesia

Aplasia

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Most commonly seen in one of paired structures like the kidneys:

a. atresia
b. Aplasia
c. anaplasia
d. Agenesia

Aplasia

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Atrophy because of decrease workload of an organ:

a. pressure atrophy
b. Exhaustion atrophy
c. starvation atrophy
d. Atrophy of disuse

Atrophy of disuse

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In the classification of epithelial tissue, this stratification is described as appearing to have more than one layer but all cells contact the basement membrane:

a. simple epithelium
b. stratified epithelium
c. pseudostratified epithelium
d. AOTA

pseudostratified epithelium

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The changes in the myocardium due to increased functional
demand as seen in hypertensive heart disease are considered to be:

a. pathologic hypertrophy
b. physiologic hypertrophy
c. pathologic hyperplasia
d. physiologic hyperplasia

pathologic hypertrophy

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Malnutritional condition such as Marasmus and kwashiorkor are classified under this type of atrophy:

a. pressure atrophy
b. endocrine atrophy
c. senile atrophy
d. nutritional atrophy
e. disuse atrophy

nutritional atrophy

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Improper preservation of the tissue that resulted to decay of the specimen, is due to:

a. delay in fixation
b. rapid penetration of fixative
c. prolonged storage of tissue in the fixative
d. rapid dehydration, clearing, embedding, and cutting

delay in fixation

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This fixative is composed of Chromic acid, osmium tetroxide, and potassium dichromate:

a. flemming’s fluid
b. flemming’s w/o acetic acid
c. TCA
d. Champy’s fluid

Champy’s fluid

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Decreased workload on the skeletal muscle results in:

a. pressure atrophy
b. endocrine atrophy
c. senile atrophy
d. disuse atrophy

disuse atrophy

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It is a specialized type of epithelial tissue which forms moist lining of body openings.

a. keratinized squamous epithelium
b. non-keratinized squamous epithelium
c. non-ciliated columnar epithelium
d. glandular epithelium

non-keratinized squamous epithelium

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This is a finger-like extensions of the plasma membrane whose
purpose is to maximize surface area in the small intestines:

a. cilia
b. Fibers
c. acini
d. Goblet cells

cilia

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Which of the following is a type of nonstriated and involuntary muscle tissue?

a. cardiac muscle tissue
b. smooth muscle tissue
c. skeletal muscle tissue
d. nervous tissue
e. NOTA

smooth muscle tissue

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What is the refractive index of the glass slide?

a. 1.581
b. 1.851
c. 1.185
d. 1.518

1.518

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The temperature of the cryostat is maintained at what temperature?

a.0 to -10C
b.40 to 60C
c.-18 to -20 *C
d.5- to -10 *C

-18 to -20 *C

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Ringing is perform to:

a. Remove the bubbles in the slide
b. Prevent escape of the mountant
c. Better preserve the tissue
d. To focus the tissue in the center

Prevent escape of the mountant

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Saffron is extracted from:

a. tree
b. vegetable
c. flower
d. Bug

flower

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Example of mounting agent:

a. Clarite
b. Entallan
c. Canada balsam
d. AOTA
e. NOTA

AOTA

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Which is not a purpose of flotation bath?

a. To dissolve the wax
b. To soften the wax
c. To straightened the section
d. To stretch the section

To dissolve the wax

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Krognic cement is used as:

a. Ringing agent
b. Mountant
c. Adhesive
d. Coverslip

Ringing agent

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Purpose of mounting of section:

a. For easy identification of slide
b. For safe keeping of glass slide
c. Protection of tissue from oxidation
d. Enhance the stain of the tissue

Protection of tissue from oxidation

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It is an outstanding agent because it can fix, differentiate and stain the tissue all by itself:

a. Methylene blue
b. Neutral red
c. Janus green
d. Picric acid

Picric acid

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Tissues such as non-fatty breast tissues is cut at which of the following temperature in cryostat?

a. -5°C
b. -15°C
c. -36°C
d. -70°C

-15°C

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Cellular adaptation due to increased cytoplasmic protein triggered by growth factors:

a. agenesis
b. hyperthrophy
c. hyperplasia
d. metaplasia

hyperthrophy

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This is a fixative that can cause a allergic dermatitis, sinusitis,
rhinitis and lacrimation:

a. zenker’s fluid
b. mercuric chloride
c. formaldehyde
d. ethanol

formaldehyde

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This fixative has an anti-fungal effect:

a. picric acid
b. Heidenhain’s susa
c. formaldehyde
d. Helly’s solution

formaldehyde

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Act as a fixative and a strong oxidizing agent:

a. chromic acid
b. Cedarwood oil
c. lead acetate
d. Moller’s reagent

chromic acid

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All of the following is part of the usual histotechniques, except:

a. decalcification
b. Fixation
c. dehydration
d. Clearing

decalcification

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Only aldehyde fixative that do not cause irritation ( dermatitis):

a. 10% formalin
b. 10% formol-saline
c. formol-sublimate
d. glutaraldehyde

glutaraldehyde

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Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder and the mucinous ovarian tumor are usually positive for

a. CK7
b. CK20
c. Both A and B
d. Neither A nor B

Both A and B

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The best screening marker for lymphoma is

a. CD3, CD4, CD8
b. LCA or CD45
c. CD19, CD20, CD23
d. CD15, CD30

LCA or CD45

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If the clearing agent turned milky as soon as the tissue is placed in it, the most probable reason is

a. Insufficient impregnation
b. Prolonged dehydration
c. Delayed fixation
d. Incomplete dehydration

Incomplete dehydration

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The plasma-thrombin method is a technique in preparing

a. Smears for cytology
b. Adhesive
c. Cell block
d. Decalcification technique

Cell block

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Small pieces of tissue not >1mm diameter is placed on the slide—forcibly compressed with another slide or coverslip.

a. Teasing or dissociation
b. Squash preparation(crushing)
c. Smear preparation
d. None of the above

Squash preparation (crushing)

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Hydrogen peroxide and potassium permanganate converts
hematoxylin into

a. Stable hematin
b. Mercuric oxide
c. A weak base
d. A weak acid

Stable hematin

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Selected tissue is immersed in a watch glass with isotonic
solution and careful—dissected or separated

a. Teasing or dissociation
b. Squash preparation (crushing)
c. Smear preparation
d. None of the above

Teasing or dissociation

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Microtome with CO2 or cryostat cold chamber is maintained at what temperature?

a. temp 0 to -10C
b. temp 0 to -20C
c. temp -10 to -20C
d. temp -30 to -40C

temp -10 to -20C

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Most rapid agent but one of its disadvantage is soft tissue crack due to ice crystal (freeze artifact) formation?

a. aerosol spray
b. carbon dioxide gas
c. isopentane cooled by liquid nitrogen
d. liquid nitrogen

liquid nitrogen

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Most common injury related work in histopath

a. Burn injury
b. Chemical spill injury
c. Electrical burn injury
d. cutting the finger or hand with microtome knives

d. cutting the finger or hand with microtome knives

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Most important step in operating equipment.

a. Learn basic before use
b. Never attempt to set up w/out approval of manufacturer
c. Operating manual provide info to machine operation
d. Read the manual

Read the manual

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Inadequate decalcification result in the following, except:

a. damage to the knife edge during sectioning
b. disruption of the surrounding tissue
c. poor cutting of hard tissues
d. poor staining procedure

poor staining procedure

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Fixation most common for amino acid histochemistry.

a. Alcohol fixative
b. Alcoholic formaldehyde
c. Neutral buffered formol saline or formaldehyde
d. Karnovsky’s formaldehyde-glutaraldehyde solution

Karnovsky’s formaldehyde-glutaraldehyde solution

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The following would require washing out of excess fixative with water, except.

a. Bouin’s Solution
b. Flemming’s Solution
c. Kelly’s Solution
d. Zenker’s Solution

Bouin’s Solution

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After processing and the paraffin-embedded block has been trimmed, the tissue reveals a “grating”, resistance sensation when sectioned with a microtome knife. What will be your best action as a med tech?

a. Remove the tissue block from the chuck and place it face down on a pad of cotton /gauze moistened and saturated with l0% acetic acid for one hour. Adjust staining.
b. Remove the tissue block from the chuck and melt paraffin and repeat decalcification.
c. Remove the tissue block from the chuck and place it face down on a pad of cotton /gauze moistened and saturated with l0% hydrochloric acid for one hour. Adjust staining.
d. Repeat the processing and decalcification of the tissue

Remove the tissue block from the chuck and place it face down on a pad of cotton /gauze moistened and saturated with l0% hydrochloric acid for one hour. Adjust staining.

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Rapid decalcifying agents are most likely to adversely affect any
subsequent staining, causing the

a. Cell nuclear chromatin to take up too much hematoxylin and other
basic dyes
b. Failure of acid dyes to stain tissues
c. Staining of acid dyes eosin is not affected produce a bright red
stain with differential shading.
d. Failure of nuclear chromatin to take up hematoxylin and other
basic dyes

Failure of nuclear chromatin to take up hematoxylin and other
basic dyes

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Decalcifying agents that combine with calcium ions and salts (e.g. iron and magnesium deposits) to form weakly dissociated complexes
and facilitate removal of calcium salt.

a. Acids
b. Chelating agents
c. Electrical ionization (electrophoresis)
d. Ion exchange resins

Chelating agents

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A toxic dehydrating agent, primarily employed for blood, tissue films and smear preparation.

a. Ethyl alcohol
b. Methyl alcohol
c. Butyl alcohol
d. Isopropyl alcohol

Methyl alcohol

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It is Indication of the full saturation of dehydrating fluid with water, using a layer of anhydrous copper sulfate

a. clearing of solution
b. no discoloration/ transparent copper sulfate crystals
c. blue discoloration of copper sulfate crystals
d. white discoloration of copper sulfate crystals

blue discoloration of copper sulfate crystals

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Characteristics of an Ideal Dehydrating Solution, except.

a. dehydrate rapidly without producing considerable shrinkage or distortion of tissues.
b. evaporate very fast.
c. be able to dehydrate even fatty tissues.
d. not remove stains.

evaporate very fast.

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Gross description of tissue after clearing, if there is no complete
dehydration of tissue.

a. Bluish color
b. Milky/Whitish appearance
c. Translucent/ transparent
d. Yellow pigmentation

Milky/Whitish appearance

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The most sensitive of the oil soluble dyes with greater affinity for
phospholipids and neutrall fats (TAG), but not with crystalline
cholesterol, and free fatty acids:

a. Sudan Black B
b. Sudan IV
c. Sudan III
d. Oil Red O

Sudan Black B

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A fluorescent dye that is also used with osmic acid to fix and stain
blood and glandular tissues:

a. Rhodamine B
b. Osmic tetroxide
c. Orcein
d. Neutral red

Rhodamine B

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A marker normally present in mesenchymal cells and used in
identification of mesenchymal tumors (leiomyoma,
rhabdomyosarcoma, myogenic component of malignant mixed
mesodermal tumors)

a. Desmin
b. Myogenin
c. GFAP
D. Neurofilament

Desmin

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Which of the following cells have a “honeycomb appearance” when viewed on end?

a. Endometrial cells
b. Doderlein bacillus
c. endocervical glandular cells
d. basal cells

endocervical glandular cells

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Criteria for cytologic diagnosis of normal pregnancy except:

a. Less than 30% superficial cells
b. Doderlein-filled “dirty” background
c. At least 20% of intermediate cells in clusters
d. Marked progesterone effect

At least 20% of intermediate cells in clusters

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Which class in the Papanicolau method of reporting is reported as ASCUS in the Bethesda 2001 method?

a. Class I
b. Class II
c. Class III
d. Class IV

b. Class II

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Aplastic anemia and bone marrow disease is attributed mostly
to:

a. aniline oil
b. benzene
c. Clove oil
d. carbon tetrachloride

benzene

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What color do elastic fibers stain with Verhoeff Elastic stain?

a. Red/Orange
b. Pink/red
c. Purple/Red
d. Blue/black

Blue/black

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A technologist spilled 5 liters of formaldehyde on the floor, after learning that the chemical poses a particular hazard, the first action step would be:

a. Notify emergency assistance
b. Control the spill with an appropriate absorbent material
c. Evacuate the area
d. Don appropriate personal protective equipment

Control the spill with an appropriate absorbent material

At which temperature of decalcification will tissues undergo complete digestion within 24-48 hours?

a. 4°C
b. 22°C
c. 37°C
d. 55°C

55°C

Which of the following histologic features does not occur in acute type of inflammation?

a. vasodilation
b. exudation of plasma fluid
c. neutrophilic infiltration
d. mononuclear infiltration

mononuclear infiltration

In histochemical staining, what type of stain is used for the demonstration of hemoglobin?

a. PAS staining
b. Perl’ Prussian blue reaction
c. methylene blue
d. Wright stain

Perl’ Prussian blue reaction

DNA is demonstrated by which technique:

a. Methyl green technique
b. Methyl green pyronin technique
c. Feulgen technique
d. Fluorescent technique

Feulgen technique

This is the most popular method for general demonstration of acid mucins, using 3% acetic acid at pH 2.5

a. Azure A Metachromatic technique
b. Alcian Blue Technique
c. Fresh Frozen Azure A
d. Metachromatic Toluidin Blue

Alcian Blue Technique

What is the color of lipids (mainly triglycerides) in Sudan IV stain?

a. Red
b. Blue
c. Blue black
d. Brilliant red

Red

What is the fixative of choice for routine preparations of cytologic
smears

a. 95% ethanol
b. Saccomano fluid
c. 95% isopropyl alcohol
d. 100% Absolute alcohol

95% ethanol

For proper fixation of pap’s smear if spray fixative is used, the slide should be kept in a distance from the slide.

a. approximately 10 inches away
b. approximately 12 inches away
c. approximately 15 inches away
d. approximately 17 inches away

approximately 12 inches away

Fixatives that is used for FNA cytology

a. 95% ethanol
b. Saccomano fluid
c. 95% isopropyl alcohol
d. 100% Absolute alcohol

95% ethanol

What concentration of alcohol is recommended for all types of effusions, if the smears can not be made immediately?

a. 50%
b. 60%
c. 70%
d. 95%

50%

Which of the following is the staining solution for mature superficial cells?

a. EA 36
b. EA 50
c. OG 6
d. Pap’s stain

OG 6

True about Papanicolaou stains

a. Cytoplasmic features are better preserved
b. Nuclear and nucleolar features are less preserved
c. cytoplasmic changes and microorganism are not demonstrated
d. Used for detection of herpetic lesions or carcinoma

Used for detection of herpetic lesions or carcinoma

Good for demonstrating pathological change in individual organs but the relationship between various organs may be hard to interpret.

a. Virchow
b. Letulle
c. Gohn
d. Rokitansky

Virchow

Clinical autopsy is done

a. Upon orders of competent court, mayor, provincial or city
prosecutor.
b. For research purposes
c. To confirm diagnosis
d. Upon written request by police authorities

To confirm diagnosis

Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder and the mucinous ovarian tumor are usually positive for

a. CK7
b. CK20
c. Both A and B
d. Neither A nor B

Both A and B

The best screening marker for lymphoma is

a. CD3, CD4, CD8
b. LCA or CD45
c. CD19, CD20, CD23
d. CD15, CD30

LCA or CD45

If the clearing agent turned milky as soon as the tissue is placed in it, the most probable reason is

a. Insufficient impregnation
b. Prolonged dehydration
c. Delayed fixation
d. Incomplete dehydration

Incomplete dehydration

The enlargement of one kidney after the surgical removal of the other is a classic example of

a. Compensatory hypertrophy
b. Hyperplasia
c. Physiologic Neoplasia
d. Dedifferentiation

Compensatory hypertrophy

Quality assurance procedure that includes patient preparation, preparation worklist, specimen processing and
distribution.

A. control of pre-analytical variables
B. control of analytical variables
C. control of post-analytical variables
D. monitoring by use of statistical methods

control of pre-analytical variables

Which of the following is an example of carcinogenic agent?

A. Benzopyrine
B. H. Pylori
C. HPV
D. Asbestos
E. All of these

All of these

Which of the following is the process of removing excess fixative from the tissue after fixation in order to improve staining
and remove artifacts from the tissues?

a. Dehydration
b. Washing out
c. Secondary Fixation
d. Clearing

Washing out

This also known as casting process:

a. Impregnation
b. Immersion
c. Infiltration
d. Embedding

Embedding

Electron microscopy preparations are stained with

a. H and E
b. Uranyl acetate
c. Pap’s stain
d. Nile blue

Uranyl acetate

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBSAg) may be demonstrated through

a. Masson Fontana
b. Orcein Method
c. Gmelin technique
d. Gram twort

Orcein Method

Type of Microtome used for celloidin, ester wax and LVN impregnated tissue?

A. Rotary microtome
B. Cryostat
C. Rocking microtome
D. Base sledge microtome

Base sledge microtome

Type of hematoxylin used for study of spermatogenesis?

A. Iron hematoxylin
B. Weigert Hematoxylin
C. Copper Hematoxylin
D. Tungsten hematoxylin

Copper Hematoxylin

What is used for washing picric acid fixed tissue?

A. 50% Alcohol
B. Water
C. Alcoholic iodine
D. None of these

50% Alcohol

Most important step in operating equipment.

a. Learn basic before use
b. Never attempt to set up w/out approval of manufacturer
c. Operating manual provide info to machine operation
d. Read the manual

Read the manua

Explosive reagent.

a. Picric acid
b. Silver reagent upon aging
c. Both
d. Neither

Both

Handled inside a FUME HOOD, except.

a. Concentrated (glacial) acetic acid
b. Ethylene glycol
c. Formic acid
d. Osmium tetroxide

Concentrated (glacial) acetic acid

Inadequate decalcification result in the following except:

a. damage to the knife edge during sectioning
b. disruption of the surrounding tissue
c. poor cutting of hard tissues
d. poor staining procedure

poor staining procedure

Fixation most common for amino acid histochemistry.

a. Alcohol fixative
b. Alcoholic formaldehyde
c. Neutral buffered formol saline or formaldehyde
d. Karnovsky’s formaldehyde-glutaraldehyde solution

Karnovsky’s formaldehyde-glutaraldehyde solution

The following would require washing out of excess fixative with
water, except.

a. Bouin’s Solution
b. Flemming’s Solution
c. Kelly’s Solution
d. Zenker’s Solution

Flemming’s Solution

a. Remove the tissue block from the chuck and place it face down on
a pad of cotton /gauze moistened and saturated with l0% acetic acid
for one hour. Adjust staining.
b. Remove the tissue block from the chuck and melt paraffin and repeat decalcification.
c. Remove the tissue block from the chuck and place it face down on a pad of cotton /gauze moistened and saturated with l0% hydrochloric acid for one hour. Adjust staining.
d. Repeat the processing and decalcification of the tissue

Remove the tissue block from the chuck and place it face down on a pad of cotton /gauze moistened and saturated with l0% hydrochloric acid for one hour. Adjust staining

Rapid decalcifying agents are most likely to adversely affect any
subsequent staining, causing the

Failure of nuclear chromatin to take up hematoxylin and other
basic dyes

Decalcifying agents that combine with calcium ions and salts (e.g. iron and magnesium deposits) to form weakly dissociated complexes and facilitate removal of calcium salt.

a. Acids
b. Chelating agents
c. Electrical ionization (electrophoresis)
d. Ion exchange resins

Chelating agents

It is a simple, reliable and convenient method of verifying the completeness of decalcification of dense, bony tissue, and is done
via the precipitation of insoluble calcium hydroxide or calcium
oxalate.

a. Chemical Method
b. Mechanical method
c. Physical method
d. X-Ray or Radiological Method

Chemical Method

A toxic dehydrating agent, primarily employed for blood,
tissue films and smear preparation.

a. Ethyl alcohol
b. Methyl alcohol
c. Butyl alcohol
d. Isopropyl alcohol

Methyl alcohol

It is an indication of the full saturation of dehydrating fluid with water, using a layer of anhydrous copper sulfate

a. clearing of solution
b. no discoloration/ transparent copper sulfate crystals
c. blue discoloration of copper sulfate crystals
d. white discoloration of copper sulfate crystals

blue discoloration of copper sulfate crystals

Dioxane method where specimen is placed on gauze and suspended in a bottle of dioxane and calcium oxide or quicklime 3-24 hours

a. Graupner’s Method
b. Weiseberger’s method
c. Both
d. Neither

Weiseberger’s method

Dehydrates rapidly and combustible at 110-120” and toxic by inhalation, and are skin contact and ingestion.

a. Cellosolve
b. Dioxane
c. Molliflex
d. Tetrahydrofuran

Cellosolve

Characteristics of an Ideal Dehydrating Solution, except.

a. dehydrate rapidly without producing considerable shrinkage or distortion of tissues.
b. evaporate very fast
c. be able to dehydrate even fatty tissues.
d. not remove stains

evaporate very fast

Most commonly used dehydrating agents.

a. Acetone
b. Alcohol
c. Dioxane4-cellosolve
d. Tetrahydrofuran

Alcohol

A clear, colorless, flammable fluid is the alcohol recommended
for routine dehydration and best dehydrating agent.

a. Ethyl alcohol
b. Methyl alcohol
c. Butyl alcohol
d. Isopropyl alcohol

Ethyl alcohol

Gross description of tissue after clearing, if there is no complete
dehydration of tissue.

a. Bluish color
b. Milky/Whitish appearance
c. Translucent/ transparent
d. Yellow pigmentation

Milky/Whitish appearance

Most common clearing agent.

a. Cedarwood.
b. Chloroform
c. Toluene
d. Xylene

Xylene

Recommended for routine work (6-24 hours) and for tough tissues (e.g. skin, fibroid and decalcified tissue), does not make tissue transparent.

a. Chloroform
b. Cedarwood oil
c. Xylene
d. Methyl benzoate and methyl salicylate

Chloroform

Agent clears paraffin and celloidin in 5-6 days, becomes milky upon prolonged storage.

a. Benzene
b. Xylene
c. Cedarwood oil
d. Methyl benzoate and methyl salicylate

Cedarwood oil

Slow-acting that can be used when double embedding techniques
a. Benzene
b. Chloroform
c. Xylene
d. Methyl benzoate and methyl salicylate

Methyl benzoate and methyl salicylate

Inadequate impregnation will promote retention of the clearing agent, showed by

a. Milky/Whitish appearance
b. Translucent/ transparent
c. Yellow pigmentation
d. Gritty cutting sensation

Milky/Whitish appearance

It is considered as the fastest way of impregnating a tissue
sample:

a. manual processing
b. automatic processing
c. vacuum embedding
d. None of these

vacuum embedding

Low viscosity celloidin, soluble in equal concentration of ether
and alcohol, with a lower viscosity, allowing it to be used in higher
concentrations and still penetrate tissues rapidly.

a. Dry celloidin Method
b. Nitrocellulose Method
c. Paraffin method
d. Gelatin method

Nitrocellulose Method

Microtome parts that line up the tissue block in proper position with the knife and adjusting the proper thickness of the tissue for successive sections.

a. Block Holder
b. Knife Carrier and Knife
c. Pawl, Ratchet Feed Wheel and Adjustment Screw
d. Base and lever

Pawl, Ratchet Feed Wheel and Adjustment Screw

Microtome primarily used for cutting tissue sections at 0.5 micra, for electron microscopy.

a. Cambridge Microtome
b. Minot Microtome
c. Base-Sledge Microtome
d. Ultrathin microtome

Ultrathin microtome

The most sensitive of the oil soluble dyes with greater affinity for phospholipids and neutrall fats (TAG), but not with crystalline
cholesterol, and free fatty acids:

a. Sudan Black B
b. Sudan IV
c. Sudan III
d. Oil Red O

Sudan Black B

A fluorescent dye that is also used with osmic acid to fix and stain blood and glandular tissues:

a. Rhodamine B
b. Osmic tetroxide
c. Orcein
d. Neutral red

Rhodamine B

Stains elastic fibers and recommended for dermatological studies because it demonstrates the finest and most delicate fibers in the skin:

a. Osmium tetroxide
b. Orcein
c. Picric acid
d. Prussian blue

Orcein

Used as a decolorizer and counterstain for ascaris eggs, erythrocytes and a bacterial spore stain:

A. Malachite green
B. Methylene blue
C. Neutral red
D. Orcein

Malachite green

What is the color of Doderlain bacilli to Pap’s staining?

A. Yellow
B. Red
C. White
D. Lavender

Lavender

“Strongly suggestive of malignancy” is reported as what in Class System?

a. Class I
b. Class II
c. Class III
d. Class IV

Class IV

What type of adipose tissue tend to increase as humans age?

a. Brown adipose tissue
b. White adipose tissue
c. Both A and B
d. Neither A nor B

White adipose tissue

To obtain optimum cutting quality, the angle between two smooth plane surfaces should be:

a. 20 degrees
b. 14 degrees
c. 27 degrees
d. 45 degrees

14 degrees

It is the most commonly used clearing agent?

A. Xylene
B. Benzene
C. Chloroform
D. Clove oil

Xylene

What type of microtome uses a diamond knife?

A. Vibrotome
B. Ultrathin microtome
C. Rotary microtome
D. Cambridge microtome

Ultrathin microtome

It is used to demonstrate circulatory system by injection?

A. Malachite green
B. Janus green
C. Picric acid
D. Prussian blue

Prussian blue

Which of the following affect decalcification?

A. Patient’s age
B. Temperature
C. All of these
D. None of these

All of these

All laboratory instruments should:

a. Have repairs conducted while connected to a facility wiring
b. Be grounded or double insulated
c. Have safety checks performed every 6 months
d. Be connected to a multiple outlet adaptor

Have safety checks performed every 6 months

The ideal tissue to formalin ratio is:
A. 1:1
B. 1:20
C. 20:1
D. 10:1

B. 1:20

Fixative of choice for umbilical cord and mucopolysacchariderich tissues:

A. 10 % formalin
B. Lead fixative
C. Chromate fixative
D. Picric acid

B. Lead fixative

Penetration of fixative into tissue is dependent on the ff. factors, EXCEPT:

A. Concentration of fixative
B. Type of fixative
C. Thickness of tissue
D. Presence of blood and fat in tissue
E. All of these

E. All of these

Specimen labeled S99-450, the number 450 represents:

A. Specimen number 450
B. Year 1945
C. Professional fee
D. hospital fee

Specimen number 450

The plasma-Thrombin method is a technique of preparing:
A. Smears of cytology
B. Adhesive
C. Cell block
D. Decalcification technique

C. Cell block

Smears from the cervical-vaginal sample are BEST fixed with:

A. 10 % formalin
B. 70% isopropanol
C. 95% ethanol
D. acetone

C. 95% ethanol

Paraffin embedding is done at what temperature?

A. 58-58*C
B. 47 *C
C. 60 *C
D. 100 *C

C. 60 *C

Dirt or grit on the microtone knife is best cleansed with:

A. Acetone
B. 95% alcohol
C. Xylene
D. Water

C. Xylene

The working temperature of the cryostat:

A. 37 *C
B. 0 *C
C. - 20 *C
D. -80 *C

C. - 20 *C

Thymol is added to Meyer’s egg albumin to prevent growth of:

A. Fungus
B. Bacteria
C. BOTH
D. NEITHER

C. BOTH

The bevel angle is maintained by:

A. Honing
B. Stropping
C. BOTH
D. NEITHER

C. BOTH

With an applicator stick or a platinum loop, the material is rapidly and gently applied in a direct or zigzag line throughout the slide attempting to obtain a relatively uniform distribution of
secretion.

A. teasing or dissociation
B. spreading
C. squash preparation (crushing)
D. streaking

streaking

After hematoxylin staining, microcalfications usually appear as:

a. black granular masses with lighter halos
b. dark blue granular masses with lighter blue halos
c. dark purple granular masses with lighter purple halos
d. dark red granular masses with lighter red halos

dark purple granular masses with lighter purple halos

It is considered to be the most rapid fixative:

A. Carnoy’s fluid
B. Helly’s solution
C. Orth’s fluid
D. Regaud’s solution

Carnoy’s fluid

Nitric acid for decalcification is used at what concentration?

A. 10%
B. 100%
C. 5%
D. 37%
E. A & C

A & C

Who signs the laboratory result form in a histopathology section?

A. Pathologist
B. Medical technologist
C. Attending physician
D. All of the above

Pathologist

The substances that hasten the binding affinity of the dye to the tissue is called:

A. Mordant
B. Adhesive
C. Accentuator
D. Dye complex

Accentuator

Clue cells are diagnostic of what infection?

A. Neisseria gonorrhoea
B. Gardnerella vaginalis
C. HSV-II
D. Candida albican

B. Gardnerella vaginalis

Which of the following stones hones offer the COARSEST grain?

A. Arkansas
B. Carborundum
C. Belgian yellow
D. All of the above

Carborundum

Refractive index of the mounting medium is rated at (or higher)

A. 1.518
B. 1.158
C. 1.815D. 1.581

1.518

The following statements are TRUE of stropping, EXCEPT:

A. Use leather strops
B. Polishes cutting edge of the knife
C. Stroke: heel to toe
D. Performed at 80 to 120 strokes

Stroke: heel to toe

Removal of formalin pigments is done before ;

A. Fixation
B. Microtomy
C. Tissue staining
D. Dehydration

Tissue staining

Clearing agents, EXCEPT:

A. Acetone
B. Petroleum ether
C. Xylene
D. Toluene

Acetone

Fine needle aspiration biopsy smears are fixed using:

A. 95 % alcohol
B. Methanol
C. 10 % formalin
D. 70 % isopropyl alcohol

95 % alcohol

Hydrogen peroxide and potassium periodate are examples of:

A. Mordants
B. Ripening agents
C. Adhesives
D. Decolorizing agents

Ripening agents

The regressive staining method employs which staining step?

A. Deparaffinization
B. Dezenkerization
C. Differentiation
D. Dehydration

C. Differentiation

Temperature of the floatation water bath:

A. 37 *C
B. 56-58 *C
C. 47 *C
D. 100 *C

47 *C

A Dioxane method where specimen is placed on gauze and suspended in a bottle of dioxane and calcium oxide for 3-24 hours

A. Graupner’s method
B. Weiseberger’s method
C. all of these
D. none of these

Weiseberger’s method

This is also known as the Philippine medical technology act of 1969:

A. RA 7719
B. RA 5537
C. RA 4688
D. RA 5527

RA 5527

What is the relative weight of clinical chemistry according to
PD 498?

a. 10%
b. 20%
c. 5%
d. 15%

b. 20%

A duly registered physician who is especially trained in method of laboratory medicine?

a. medical technologist
b. medical technician
c. pathologist
d. medical laboratory technician

pathologist

Which of the following is not a member of the Council of Medical Technology Education according to 5527?

a. President of PSP
b. Dean of private school of medical technology
c. Chairman of PRC
d. Dean of the institute of hygiene

Chairman of PRC

The term of office of the chairman of the BMT is:

a. 1 year
b. 2 years
c. 3 years
d. 4 years

c. 3 years

Which of the following is the title of Section 18 of RA 5527?

a. Ratings in the examination
b. Report of rating
c. Scope of coverage and examination
d. Oath taking

Report of rating

Which of the following is not a ground for a removal of Board Member of the Board of MedTech?

a. Uncurable, communicable disease
b. Neglect of duty
c. Unprofessional conduct
d. Immoral conduct

Uncurable, communicable disease

Who act as the Executive Officer of the Board?

a. Commissioner of PRC
b. Commissioner of BRL
c. Commissioner of civil service
d. Commissioner of higher education

Commissioner of civil service

Function of the Board of Examiner for MT?

a. Formulate and recommend approval of refresher course
b. To inspect different medtech school
c. To require all MT school to submit annual report
d. Look into condition affecting the practice of MT in the Philippines

Look into condition affecting the practice of MT in the Philippines

Certificate of registration shall be issued to any successful applicant who has attained the age of:

A.20
B.21
C. 22
D. 23

B.21

The following is not required to have a license to practice MT in the Philippines, except:

a. Registered physician
b. Fresh graduate of BSMT from University
c. MT in the service of US Armed Forces
d. MT from other country called in for exchange professor

Fresh graduate of BSMT from University

A training laboratory is required to have an equipment to carry out laboratory procedure for what field?

a. Cytogenetics
b. Research laboratory
c. Bacteriology
d. Scientific assisted reproduction

Bacteriology

Which is of the following is not a function of the Council of medical technology?

a. To certify for admission an undergraduate internship students who completed 3 years of the mt course
b. To approve MT school
c. To recommend the minimum required curriculum
d. Issue, suspend, and revoke certificate of registration

Issue, suspend, and revoke certificate of registration

What is the title of section 28 of RA 5527?

a. Roster of medical technologist
b. Foreign reciprocity
c. Administrative investigation- revocation or suspension of
certificate
d. Appeal

Roster of medical technologist

Report of rating is within how many days according to RA 5527?

a. 3 days
b. 60 days
c. 90 days
d. 120 days

120 days

According to RA 5527, the board shall charge each applicant for
examination & registration the sum of:

a. 25 pesos
b. 30 pesos
c. 50 pesos
d. 100 pesos

c. 50 pesos

Who among of the following could get the Certificate of
Registration (COR) after passing the board?

a. Applicant with HIV
b. Patient with schizophrenia
c. Person convicted by a court
d. Person with pending case on a court

Person with pending case on a court

The Roster of Medical Technologist is prepared regularly by:

a. Commissioner of BMT
b. Secretary of BMT
c. Undersecretary of BMT
d. Chairman of BMT

Secretary of BMT

There are 10 members of the board and 1 legal officer at least how many votes are needed to suspend the license of RMT?

a. 3 votes
b. 5 votes
c. 6 votes
d. 11 votes

c. 6 votes

To whom a RMT penalized with 2 years suspension of license
can appeal?

a. Commissioner of civil service
b. President of the Philippines
c. Chairman of BMT
d. Chairman of CMT

President of the Philippines

The Board of Medical Technology shall issue a certificate of
registration as medical technician to a person who has obtained a
general rating of, EXCEPT:

A.74.90%
B.74.80%
C. 70%
D. None of these

None of these

The first person who graduated with BS MedTech Degree in the
Philippines is:

A. Alfredo Pio de Roda
B. Crisanto Almario
C. Charlemagne Tamondong
D. Jesse Umali

Jesse Umali

The official results of the laboratory examination must be signed properly by the:

a. Pathologist
c. RMT
b. Pathologist & RMT
d. RMT and Technician

Pathologist & RMT

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