Histo Flashcards
- Which component of bone impedes the distribution of nutrients and oxygen to osteocytes:
ECM (Extracellular matrix)
- Which if the following most accurately describes compact bone:
presence of osteons
- In the diaphysis of a typical long bone which of the following structures is in closest proximity to the trabeculae of cancellous bone:
inner circumferential lamellae
- During the hystological study of cortical shaft, basophilic cells with developed synthesis organelles can be seen on the bone surface under the layer of fibers. These cells take part in bone tissue regeneration. What shaft layer are they located in://
Periosteum
- Which of the following is characteristic of the chromatophilic material called Nissl substance in neural tissue:/
Site of mRNA translation for proteins of the axolemma
- Which of the following events occurs immediately after an action potential reaches a synapse at an axon terminal:
Calcium ion influx at the presynaptic terminal
- In the choroid plexus water from capillaries is transported directly into the cerebrospinal fluid by what structure(s):
Astrocytes
- What term applies to collections of neuronal cell bodies (somata) in the central nervous system:
Nodes
- Which structure contains trabeculae around which cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flows:
Dura Mater
- Which of the following is a characteristic of the connective tissue layer that surrounds individual fascicles in large peripheral nerves://
Important as part of the blood-nerve barrier in the nerve
- Myelinated nervous fibers are characterized by presence of all morphological features except for one://
- Neuroglial cells lining the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord are called
Ependyma
- Neurons whose axons form the motor endings on the surfaces of smooth muscle tissue are found in:
Motor neurons
- The organ belonging to the organs of central nervous system is:
Brain and Spinal cord
- Neurotransmitter of motor end plate is:
Acetylcholine (ACh)
- What are most neurons in the body:
Multipolar
- What is the cell body of a neuron called:
Perikaryon / Soma
- Which cell is a macrophage found in the central nervous system:
Microglia
- What is tissue which surrounds a nerve fascicle:
Perineurium
- What are interneurons:
Interneurons are the neurons between the sensory and motor neurons
- What are the basophilic clusters of ribosomes and rough endoplasmic reticulum seen in neurons called://
Nissl
- A sensitive neural ganglion consists of roundish neurocytes with one extension that divides into axon and dendrite at some distance from the perikaryon. What are these cells called:
Pseudounipolar
- As a result of a mechanical injury an over 10 cm long portion of a peripheral nerve was damaged. This caused an impairment of the upper limb activity. The patient was offered nerve transplantation. What glial cells will participate in regeneration and provide the trophism of the injured limb:
Schwann cells
- As a result of an injury, the integrity of the anterior spinal cord root was broken. Specify the neurons and their processes that had been damaged://
Axons of motor neurons
- The basal lamina of a muscle fiber is part of which structure:
Endomysium
- With the transmission electron microscope skeletal muscle fibers can be seen to contain structures called triads. What do the two lateral components of a triad represent:
Sites for calcium sequestration and release
- Which characteristic is unique to cardiac muscle://
Cardiac muscle is often branched
- Smooth muscle tissue is characterized by all morphological features except for one:
there are more thick filaments than thin filaments
- Sarcomere is a segment of myofibril between:
two neighbouring Z-lines (or Z-discs, or Z bodies)
- White skeletal muscle fibers are characterized by all morphological and functional features EXCEPT for one:/
- Skeletal muscle fiber is characterized by all morphological features EXCEPT for one://
Autorhythmic (OR)
Slow oxidative fibers contain the least myoglobin and are more pale/lighter in appearance
autonomic innervation
they are branched
- Cardiac muscle fiber is characterized by all morphological features, EXCEPT for one://
long, multinucleate, cylindrical cells
- In smooth muscle calcium released by the smooth ER initiates contraction by binding to what protein:/
Calmodulin
- Which feature typifies T-tubules:
Carry depolariztion to the muscle fiber interior
- Which characteristic is unique to smooth muscle:
absence of striations
- In one type of muscle, numerous gap junctions, desmosomes, and adherens junctions are specifically localized in which structures:
Intercalated discs
- What is the connective tissue covering of a muscle fascicle://
Perimysium
- What is actin://
Myofilament
- What is the cytoplasm of a muscle cell:
Sarcoplasm
- What region is made of thin filaments:
I Band
- What is the plasma membrane of a muscle cell called:
Sacrolemma
