Histamine and 3 Toxicology Lectures Flashcards
What 6 drugs can mediate histamine release through non IgE pathway?
d-tubocurare succinylcholine morphine codeine doxorubicin protamine Vancomycin
What drug causes the side effect of red man syndrome?
Vancomycin
What two drugs stabilize mast cells, decrease allergic rhinitis symptoms, have prophylactic use to block asthmatic runs?
Cromolyn
Nedocromil
What 2 drugs can induce cytolytic release?
phenothiazines
narcotic analgesics
What are 5 1st generation antihistamine drugs?
Triprolidine Diphenhydramine Promethazine Hydroxyzine Chlorpheniramine
What are 6 2nd generation antihistamine drugs?
Ioratadine Desloratadine Terfenadine Fexofendaine Azelastine Cetirizine
What is the active metabolite of loratadine?
desloratadine
What is the active metabolite of terfenadine?
fexofenadine
What two antihistamines were pulled from the market due to risk of life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias when taken with ketoconazole, erythromycin, and clarithromycin? They also cause torsades de pointes
Terfenadine
Astemizole
What is the most effective antihistamine for motion sickness?
promethazine
What are 4 antihistamines that prevent symptoms of motion sickness?
promethazine
diphenhydramine
cyclizine
meclizine
What anticholinergic drug is the most effective drug to prevent motion sickness?
scopolamine
What 2 drugs prevent N/V and are a part of the phenothiazine class?
promethazine
timeprazine
What 2 antihistamines are used as sleep medications?
Diphenhydramine
Doxylamine
What antihistamine is used for it’s antiparkinsonism effects?
Diphenhydramine
What are 2 drugs used for local anesthetic actions?
Promethazine
Diphenhydramine
What are the 4 uses of Diphenhydramine besides using it as an antihistamine?
Motion sickness
Sleep medication
Antiparkinsonism effects
Local anesthetic actions
What antihistamine has 50-90% H1 receptors in CNS bound?
Doxepin