Hist Pen final Flashcards

1
Q

Some important values of early Pentecostals

A
  1. Personal experience
  2. Oral communication
  3. Spontaneity
  4. Other worldliness
  5. Spiritual authority
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Some early issues in the Pentecostal Church Movement

A
  1. A tendency to minimize organization problems
  2. Lacked a mechanism for corporate discernment
  3. False Dichotomy between spontaneous and systematic theology
  4. Training for leaders. Rejection by popular evangelical training institutes
  5. Theological disputes
  6. Unity/conflict resolution- not always one accord
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A push towards organization

A

Early in the 2nd decade of the 20th century, the growth and survival of this burgeoning movement necessitated some kind of structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

5 key issues served for the motivation for organization

A
  1. The need for some level of consistency in doctrine
  2. Need to establish a credentialing body to dovetail with the legal requirements of the movement faced- @ home and the mission field
  3. Consistency in stewardship for missions endeavour
  4. Uniformity of church structure
  5. Education and training of clergy and church leadership
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

An example of early organization- PAOC

A

4 key individuals from Azusa that took the message to Canada:

  1. James and Ellen Hebden (Toronto)
  2. Andrew H. Argue (Winnepeg)
  3. R.E. McAlister

1909- Pentecostal missionary union formed- mixed reception
May 1917- (AG founded in 1914)- Dominion charter applied for a fraternal rather than denominational organization
September 1917- Montreal- Eastern pastors meet and propose calling in PAOC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

By 1919 there were…

A

… 27 affiliated assemblies with the PAOC

  • 18 in Ontario
  • 9 in the 4 western provinces
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The oneness controversy

A

Followers of Durham met at world camp meeting in Arroyo Seco, 1913.
R.E. McAlister preached on the mode of baptism, including with examples out of the book of Acts to emphasize NT baptism should be “In the name of Jesus”
John Scheppe, who was in attendance at the camp, received a new revelation in a dream that this form of baptism was a “new thing” that God was revealing. He ran through the camp sharing his experience.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

4 Key leaders influenced in the oneness controversy teaching

A

Frank Ewart, G.T Hayward, Glenn Cook and Franklin Small

  • Both Cook and Ewart became leading proponents of this new movement
  • 1 Year later they baptized each other in the Name of Jesus- felt that Matt 28 baptism nullified their salvation
  • Salvation through baptism, using the correct formula
  • The group moved through the Pentecostal work, sharing their message, and re-baptizing Christians.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

In 1913- 1920…

A

Small and McAlister travelled throughout Canada preaching the oneness “revelation”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why a knowledge of history is important

A

The oneness controversy was a resurgence on an ancient heresy known by several names.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

1920

A

AG= Statement of faith= Trinitarian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

1/2 versions on oneness

A

A modalism that saw God revealing himself differently during “dispensations”: God was father, then became Son, and later the HS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

2/2 versions of oneness

A

3 manifestations of one deity (different modes of God’s existence)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Oneness…

A

… Denies that the distinctions are real. Simply roles that God plays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Oneness groups

A
  • Third and most isolated strain of the Pentecostal movement
  • 2.3 million Oneness Pentecostals worldwide, about 620,000 in the NA
  • 1916- General Assemblies of the world
  • 1918- Pentecostal Assemblies of the world
  • 1945- Combined to form the United Pentecostal Church
  • 1921- Apostolic church of pentecost
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Distinctive practices and beliefs and practices of the “oneness peeps”

A
  • Non-Trinitarian
  • Baptismal formula “In Jesus Name”
  • Insist on re-baptism
  • Baptism in Jesus name seen as pre-requisite for salvation
  • In some cases, they feel speaking in tongues is as well
  • Camp meeting services, running, dancing, look like early pentecostal frozen in time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Concerns over oneness practices

A
  • Isolationism
  • Legalism (performance focused)
  • Elitism (have the whole gospel)
  • Judgementalism- often look for the slightest deviations to condemn
18
Q

Establishing roots- 1920-1939

Pentecostals and Fundamentalism

A
  • Relationships with other churches still was strained during this time period
  • Pentecostals felt like they had a better grip on the NT Christianity than other churches
  • In their alienation from culture, they developed a sense of spiritual warfare, and some of that conflict was with “unbelievers” within the church.
  • While many pentecostal believers insist that the BOTHS was essential and the gifts of the Spirit were for today, fundamentalists disagreed.
  • The fundamentalists perspective was that the miraculous in-breaking of the Spirit was for a former dispensation- The apostolic age
  • With the closing of the canon scripture, they believed that the time for miraculous gifts had ceased. This perspective known as cessationism.
19
Q

World Christian Fundamentals

A

The leaders of both PAOC and AG insisted that they were in agreement with the majority of the fundamentlists beliefs
Moderating of their exclusivist view that every believer needed to experience the BOTHS to know true biblical faith.
The dialogue between other denominations began to get more civil- pointing towards later acceptance by NAE

20
Q

The role of women established in the movement

A
  • During the AG conference in 1914, the issue of the role of women in the church was considered.
  • Women were only given the right to vote in 1920 in the USA
  • It was concluded by both men and women that women would be permitted to function in the following roles:
  • Granted credentials as missionaries or evangelists
  • Permitted to serve at a church under a “good brother”
  • Welcomed as advisors at conferences, but they would not be permitted to vote
  • Were not welcomed in any governance roles- felt best served by men.
21
Q

Pentecostalism hit the lights…

A
  • 1907, Robert Semple, a future missionary to China was filled with the HS at the Hebden Mission in Toronto
  • His wife received the same experience not too long after
  • In 1910, the Semples travelled to China to begin their ministry.
  • Robert died in 1912 and Aimee returned to NA in 1913.
22
Q

Aimee Semple MacPherson

A
  • Most flamboyant pentecostal evangelist in these 2 decades
  • First to make use of the radio
  • Returned her credentials in 1922 and created the 4square gospel
  • Held tent crusades along east coast of Canada and USA in 1920’s
  • Her emphasis was on BOTHS and healing
23
Q

Healing crusades begin

A
  • MacPherson’s 1922 crusade- Lodi California- Pastor Charles S. Price was filled with the spirit.
  • He took off and held crusades. Made his mark in Victoria BC in 1922
  • In 1923, a 3 week crusade was held in Vancouver with over 250,000 total attendance
24
Q

Seasons of unrest and re-building- 1940-1959

The war years

A
  • 100’s of young men joined the armed forces- leaving an age gap in the local church
  • Ministry to servicemen- Chaplaincy, fellowship centres
  • Demand for accredited colleges to qualify for veterans benefits.
25
Q

Seasons of unrest- Growth in the PAOC

A
  • The decades of 40’s and 50’s saw a push towards denominationalism
  • PAOC grew to encompass some 150,000 members, 650 churches and 1350 credential holders
  • By 1958- 632 sunday schools with 68,000 students
26
Q

Healing evangelists

A
  • Message was spread by evangelists through way of divine healing.
27
Q

Oral Roberts

A

Born in 1918, was healed of TB at 17
From 1947- 1968 Roberts held 300 crusades throughout the world.
Pastored 4 churches until 1947
Most famous sermon= “Fourth man”

28
Q

Jack Coe

A

1941 received miraculous healing while serving in the US army. Felt like this was his call to ministry.
1944- Was ordained by the AG
Held crusades throughout southern US
Coe was expelled from AG for unorthodox teaching
1956- Charged and arrested for practicing medicine without a license
Died in 1956 from a polio virulent

29
Q

A.A Allen

A

1911-1970
Became a Christian out of a life of alcoholism
Was ordained by the AG in 1936
Held crusades throughout the states and pastored
Came after Jack Coe- used his tents for the crusades
Was censured by the AG in 1955, for using extravagant claims of miracles
Allen continued to innovate in ministry, using media to his advantage
1967- divorced
1970- died of sclerosis of the liver

30
Q

Background if the Latter Rain movement

A
  • Post war era- spiritual dryness
  • Took its name from Joel 2:28 of early and latter rains
  • 1935- George Hawtin, PAOC pastor- Founded Bethel Bible Institute in Star City, Saskatchewan
  • In 1937, the school moved to Saskatoon, and folded into the PAOC in 1945
  • Hawtin had a gifted ministry in gifts on the Spirit
  • A series of disagreements between Hawtin (over visions and buildings) and leadership of the PAOC led to Hawtin’s resignation from Bethel.
  • 1947- Sask. District conference supported decisions of the district officers
  • Ern Hawtin joined the group later
31
Q

Revival at Battleford

A

Feb 1948- Students were studying, fasting and praying, the presence of God moved in and prophecy were given.
As the students continued to pray, gifts of the Spirit were manifested when candidates were prayed over.
Word of the revival spread across Canada and northern US
Along with a Bible School- came a trade school, orphanage and magazine
McAlister argues against the impartation of spiritual gifts by the laying on of hands

32
Q

Theology of the Movement

A
  • Victorious Eschatology
  • Davidic worship
  • Anti Denotation
  • Fivefold- ministry- Faulty reading
  • Impartation of the Spiritual through laying on of hands. Gifts are permanent to the individual
  • Manifests Sons of God- That a super race of Christians would be raised up- Like Jesus when he walked the earth.
  • Physical healing is hindered through demonic oppression
  • Fasting= answers to prayer
  • Ultimate reconciliation- in the end all will be saved, including satan.
  • Hawtin believed the lost 10 tribes of Israel can be found in Britain and US
  • Spiritual Hermeneutic- Allegory
33
Q

Response- PAOC/AG

A
  • Departure of Hawtin from Bethel was extremely acrimonious.
  • Encouraged students to leave
  • Unchecked practice to placing prophetic words on par with scripture led many to abandon their faith
  • PAOC and EG felt the founders were sincere in their desire to the move of God, their methods were questionable at best, and extravagant and manipulative at worst.
34
Q

Main areas of concern

A
  • New interpretation of Church government
  • Novel Theological Perspectives
  • Virulent attacks against existing churches
35
Q

Legacy

A
  • Holt, Hunt, Ern Hawtin- died in the early years but George Hawtin lived into the 1980’s and continued his criticism of the PAOC
  • The Sharon College and Conference centre was later sold as a a turkey farm in 1956
  • Numbers of participants in the movement grew disillusioned and abandoned their faith.
  • 1960- Hawtin was excommunicated from the movement he started
  • Latter rain movement had a sig. influence on the Charismatic Movement as well as aspects of the third wave
36
Q

The Charismatic Movement- Beginnings

A
  • Many Christians from other denominations began to receive the BOTHS as a result of the meetings
  • In October, 1951, the Full Gospel Business Mens Fellowship international was founded by Demons Shakarian in LA
  • During the same time, David DuPlessis, Pent. Minister from SA= working in mainline churches who were members of WWC… Goal= expose reality of HS
  • He was forced to resign
37
Q

The movement begins to gain prominence

A

Dennis Bennett attends a small house prayer meeting in 1959
Bennett received the BOTHS and spoke in tongues that meeting
In April, Bennett shared his experience with his church
By the third service he was forced to resign… the bishop of LA acted to prevent people from talking about tongues

38
Q

Ministry of Dennis Bennett

A

Became a rector of St. Lukes in Seattle

  • In one year the church grew from 75-300
  • Attracted many “seekers”
39
Q

Jean Stone

A
  • Bible study leader from St. Mark’s Van Nuys
  • Founded “Blessed Trinity society”
  • Published mag. “Trinity”
  • Sent it to every Episcopal Priest in the US
40
Q

Canadian Developments- Charismatic Movement

A
  • First outpouring- Sept. 1961, Prince Rupert Anglican church- Priest shared his recent experience in Cali
  • Dean of cathedral, George Pattison received the BOTHS
  • 1962- Etobicoke ON- Ron Armstong
41
Q

The Charismatic Renewal

A
  • Term coined by Harold Bredesen and Jean Stone in “Trinity” mag.