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UCLA FALL '22 > Hist 105A Final Study Guide > Flashcards

Hist 105A Final Study Guide Flashcards

all vocabulary terms for the weeks 1-10 found in the syllabus

1
Q

Magian/Zoroastrian (wk 1)

A

a follower of the religion of Zoroaster, mainly in Iran

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2
Q

Justinian (wk 1)

A

Late Roman/Byzantine emperor, 527-65

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3
Q

Khusraw I (wk 1)

A

Sasanian monarch, 531-79

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4
Q

decurion (wk 1)

A

a member of the urban middle class in the Late Roman empire

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5
Q

Nestorian/Church of the East (wk 1)

A

Forces creating a community, late sixth century ; Christians who believes in two divine and ​human natures and substances in one personage of Christ and emphasizes ​the spiritual nature of the union by insisting that Mary was the mother of ​Christ not of God

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6
Q

Monophysite/Miaphysite (wk 1)

A

a Christian who rejects the formula of the Council of ​Chalcedon, 451, of one Christ in two natures

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7
Q

Chalcedonian (wk 1)

A

a Christian who accepts the formula of the Council of ​Chalcedon, 451, of one Christ in two natures

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8
Q

​Jacob Baradaeus (ca. 490-578) (wk 1)

A

Monophysite founder and organizer of the Syrian Orthodox (Jacobite) Church (wk 1)

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9
Q

Mazdaean (wk 1)

A

dualist Magian; a believer in the cosmic struggle between Orhmazd, the god of light and goodness, and Ahriman, the god of darkness and evil

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10
Q

Zurvanism (wk 1)

A

belief in the primacy of Zurvan, the Magian god of Time and Destiny

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11
Q

Mazdak (wk 1)

A

a Magian reformer in Iran in about 500 C.E. ; championed marriages and communal property

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12
Q

gnostic (wk 1)

A

one who possesses spiritual knowledge and rejects material values for spiritual values

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13
Q

Mani (ca. 216-277) (wk 1)

A

Babylonian founder of the syncretistic, gnostic, dualist religion called Manichaeism

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14
Q

Dhü Nuwäs (d. ca. 525) (wk 2)

A

last Himyarï ruler in Yaman

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15
Q

Kinda (wk 2)

A

Arab tribe that led a confederation that dominated central Arabia in the early 6th century CE

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16
Q

Banü Lakhm (wk 2)

A

ruling polytheistic Arab tribe on the border of Iraq

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17
Q

al-Mundhir III (ca. 505-554) (wk 2)

A

Lakhmï ruler

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18
Q

al-Harith II iban Jabala (ca. 529-569) (wk 2)

A

Ghassanī ruler

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19
Q

majlis or shūra (wk 2)

A

tribal council of elders

the council appointed by `Umar to choose his successor

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20
Q

shaykh or sayyid (wk 2)

A

tribal chief, usually chosen from the members of the​ same family (ahl al-bayt)

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21
Q

mulk (wk 2)

A

rulership, domination by one tribe or man over others

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22
Q

murū`a (wk 2)

A

the manly, heroic ethic of tribal Arabs

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23
Q

ḥilm (wk 2)

A

prudent self-control or opportunism

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24
Q

naṣr (wk 2)

A

assistance (in battle = victory)

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25
Q

jinn (wk 2)

A

a spirit of nature

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26
Q

Manat (wk 2)

A

goddess of faith

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27
Q

Allāt (wk 2)

A

the mother of the gods, associated with the sun and Astarte

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28
Q

`Uzza (wk 2)

A

“the mightiest”, the goddess of the planet Venus

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29
Q

kāhin (wk 2)

A

soothsayer; “madman”, a insult the Quraysh tribe had for Muhammad

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30
Q

Ka`ba (wk 2)

A

the shrine at Makka

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31
Q

hanīf (wk 2)

A

a monotheistic Arab ascetic who worshipped Allāh

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32
Q

Zayd ibn `Amr (wk 2)

A

hanīif at Makka in Muḥammad’s youth

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33
Q

Quraysh (wk 2)

A

Arab tribe living at Makka; belittled Muhammad when he started to share his revelations asked for miracles as proof

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34
Q

muḍāraba, qirāḍ (wk 2)

A

partnership between investors and agents

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35
Q

Muḥammad ibn `Abdullāh ibn Hāshim (ca. 570-632) (wk 2)

A

the Prophet

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36
Q

Allāh (wk 2)

A

The title for the Lord of the Ka`ba (the shrine at Makka)

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37
Q

Makhzūm, Umayya (wk 2)

A

clans of Quraysh that dominated Makka

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38
Q

Abū Ṭālib ibn Hāshim (wk 2)

A

Muḥammad’s uncle who raised him

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39
Q

Khadīja (wk 2)

A

Muḥammad’s first wife and convert

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40
Q

Yathrib/Madīna (wk 2)

A

town 250 miles north of Makka

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41
Q

hijra (wk 2)

A

“Journey”; The migration of Muḥammad and his followers to Yathrib (Medina) in 622

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42
Q

jihād (wk 2)

A

effort on God’s behalf, including warfare against unbelievers

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43
Q

Badr (March 15, 624) (wk 2)

A

first Muslim victory over the Makkans

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44
Q

Uhud (wk 2)

A

battle between Muslims and Makkans outside Madīna

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45
Q

Abū Bakr (lec 4)

A

friend, advisor and the father of Muḥammad’s wife Khadīja;

Muḥammad’s successor as the leader of the Muslim
community, 632-34

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46
Q

Qur’ān [lec 5]

A

the collection of God’s word as revealed to Muḥammad

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47
Q

Jibrīl [lec 5]

A

the angel who transmitted God’s word to Muḥammad

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48
Q

Sura [lec 5]

A

a “chapter” of the Qur’ān

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49
Q

tawḥīd [lec 5]

A

the doctrine of the oneness of God

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50
Q

shirk (lec 5)

A

polytheism

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51
Q

shirk (lec 5)

A

polytheism

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52
Q

shaytān (lec 5)

A

a rebellious jinn

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53
Q

Iblīs (lec 5)

A

the Devil

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54
Q

Salsabīl (lec 5)

A

a pure, gushing spring of Paradise

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55
Q

Zaqqum (lec 5)

A

tree with bitter fruit in Hell

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56
Q

mīthāq (lec 5)

A

a primordial covenant between God and the descendents of
Adam

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57
Q

zakāt (lec 5)

A

purification through charity

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58
Q

salāt (lec 5)

A

ritual worship

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59
Q

masjid (lec 5)

A

place of worship

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60
Q

imām (lec 5)

A

Muslim leader of ritual worship

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61
Q

qibla (lec 5)

A

direction faced by Muslims during worship

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62
Q

ṣawm (lec 5)

A

fasting

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63
Q

Ramaḍān (lec 5)

A

Muslim month of fasting

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64
Q

ḥajj (lec 5)

A

pilgrimage

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65
Q

`umra (lec 5)

A

the lesser pilgrimage

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66
Q

jihād(lec 5)

A

making an effort on God’s behalf, including warfare against
unbelievers

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67
Q

shahāda (lec 5)

A

testimony, profession of faith

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68
Q

Monothelite [Lec 6]

A

a Christian who believes in the doctrine of one will in Christ

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69
Q

Heraklios (610-641) [Lec 6]

A

Byzantine emperor

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70
Q

`Umar [Lec 6]

A

Abū Bakr’s successor as the leader of the Muslim
community, 634-44

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71
Q

Constans II (641-68) [Lec 6]

A

Heraklios’ successor as Byzantine emperor

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72
Q

Baṣra (Iraq), Kūfa (Iraq), Mawṣil (Iraq), Fusṭāṭ (Egypt) [Lec 6]

A

arrison towns
settled by Muslim soldiers

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73
Q

mawlā, pl. mawālī [Lec 6]

A

a client, usually the former slave of his patron

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74
Q

Mu`āwiya ibn Abī Sufyān [Lec 6]

A

overnor of Syria for Umar and Uthmān,
caliph, 661-680

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75
Q

Marv [Lec 6]

A

garrison city in Khurāsān

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76
Q

Qayrawān [Lec 6]

A

garrison city in North Africa

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77
Q

Abd al-Malik [Lec 6]

A

Marwānī caliph, 685-705

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78
Q

al-Walīd [Lec 6]

A

`Abd al-Malik’s successor as caliph, 705-15

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79
Q

Uthmān (Lec 7)

A

`Umar’s successor as caliph, 644-56

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80
Q

Banū Umayya (Lec 7)

A

he Makkan clan to which `Uthmān belonged

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81
Q

`Alī (Lec 7)

A

`Uthmān’s successor as caliph, 656-61

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82
Q

Mu`āwiya (Lec 7)

A

Sufyānī caliph, 661-80

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83
Q

pagarch (Lec 7)

A

Coptic local official in Egypt

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84
Q

dihqān, pl. dahaqīn (Lec 7)

A

non-Muslim local authorities in Iraq and Iran

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85
Q

Abdullāh (Lec 7)

A

“servant of God”

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86
Q

Khalīfat Allāh (Lec 7)

A

“Deputy of God”

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87
Q

Ziyād ibn Abīhi (d. 672) (Lec 7)

A

governor of Iraq and the East for Mu`āwiya

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88
Q

maqṣūra (Lec 7)

A

protective, isolating loge for the ruler in a masjid

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89
Q

manāra (Lec 7)

A

tower used for the Muslim call to worship

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90
Q

shurṭa (Lec 7)

A

Muslim urban police

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91
Q

qāḍī (Lec 7)

A

a Muslim judge

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92
Q

barīd (Lec 7)

A

the state’s communication and transport network

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93
Q

dīwān (Lec 7)

A

a register of taxes or payments; by extension, any bureaucratic
office

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94
Q

al-Ḥajjāj (d. 714) (Lec 7)

A

pacifier of Arabia and governor of Iraq and the East for
the early Marwānīs

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95
Q

`Abd al-Malik (Lec 7)

A

Marwānī caliph, 685-705

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96
Q

al-Walīd (Lec 7)

A

Marwānī caliph, 705-15

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97
Q

maẓālim court (Lec 7)

A

appellate court for the redress of grievances introduced
by `Abd al-Malik

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98
Q

dīnār (Lec 7)

A

gold coin

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99
Q

dirham (Lec 7)

A

silver coin

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100
Q

khuṭba (Lec 7)

A

sermon at the noon worship on Friday in which the ruler’s name
is mentioned

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101
Q

imām (Lec 7)

A

leader of Muslim ritual worship; source of religious knowledge
and guidance

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102
Q

mahdī (Lec 7)

A

“guided”

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103
Q

qibla (Lec 7)

A

the direction faced by Muslims when they worship

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104
Q

mihrab (Lec 7)

A

a niche in the wall of a masjid on the side toward Makka

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105
Q

dhimmī (Lec 7)

A

a protected subject; follower of one of the religions tolerated
by Muslims

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106
Q

`Abd al-Azīz ibn Marwān (Lec 7)

A

governor of Egypt, 685-705, for his father and
brother.

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107
Q

Melkite (Lec 7)

A

a Greek Orthodox Christian

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108
Q

Catholicos (Lec 7)

A

the head of the Nestorian Church

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109
Q

jizya (Lec 7)

A

tribute; the poll-tax on non-Muslims

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110
Q

Umar ibn Abd al-Azīz (Lec 7)

A

Marwānī caliph, 717-19

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111
Q

kharāj (Lec 7)

A

land tax

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112
Q

`āmil (Lec 7)

A

provincial finance official

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113
Q

Qurra ibn ash-Sharīk (Lec 7)

A

governor of Egypt, 708-714

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114
Q

Anṣār

A

“helpers”, Madīnan converts to Islam

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115
Q

amīr al-mu`minīn

A

“the Commander of the Faithful”, normal title of
“caliphs”

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116
Q

Ṣiffīn

A

the confrontation between Alī (656-61) and Muāwiya (660-80)
from May to July, 657, with the battle on July 26

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117
Q

Khārijī, pl. Khawārij

A

literalist, egalitarian Muslim rebels

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118
Q

Nahrawān

A

victory of `Alī over the Khawārij, July 17, 658

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119
Q

Yazīd ibn Mu`āwiya

A

Successor to his father as caliph, 680-83 ; the first hereditary passing of leadership

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120
Q

Karbalā

A

the place in Iraq, near Kūfa, where al-Ḥusayn ibn Alī and his followers were killed by the forces of Ubaydullāh ibn Ziyād (d. 686)
on Oct. 10, 680

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121
Q

`Abdullāh ibn az-Zubayr

A

rival caliph, 680-92, during the second fitna

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122
Q

al-Ḥarra

A

Sufyānī victory near Madīna on August 23, 683

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123
Q

Mus`ab ibn az-Zubayr

A

brother and governor of Baṣra for `Abdullāh

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124
Q

Marj Rāhiṭ

A

victory of Kalb over Qays, July 684, that secured Syria for
Marwān

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125
Q

Muḥammad ibn al -Ḥanafiyya

A

on of `Alī whom al-Mukhtār declared to be
the Mahdī in 685

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126
Q

al-Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf (d. 714)

A

pacifier of Arabia and governor of Iraq
and the East for the early Marwānīs

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127
Q

bismillāh

A

in the name of God”

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128
Q

masjid

A

place where Muslim ritual worship (salāt) is performed

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129
Q

sunna

A

exemplary precedent

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130
Q

ḥadīth

A

short, topical statements about Muḥammad’s life and actions

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131
Q

qāri’

A

reciter of the Qur’ān

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132
Q

qāṣṣ

A

popular religious storyteller

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133
Q

Ramaḍān

A

the Muslim month of fasting

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134
Q

Ᾱmir ibn Abd al-Qays

A

one of the first Muslim ascetics

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135
Q

al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī (642-728)

A

amous pious Muslim and religious
authority at Baṣra

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136
Q

Ḥarūrā

A

village outside of Kūfa where the Khawārij went

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137
Q

Ibāḍiyya

A

moderate Khārijī sect at Baṣra

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138
Q

Ṣufriyya

A

moderate Khārijī sect at Baṣra

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139
Q

Irjā’

A

postponement of judgment

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140
Q

God’s power to determine the physical and spiritual destiny
of a person; God’s decree

A

qadar

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141
Q

Shabīb ibn Yazīd (d. 697)

A

the first to deny that God’s foreknowledge
was determining

142
Q

Qadariyya

A

advocates of human ability to choose and to act

143
Q

`Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib

A

the fourth caliph

144
Q

Shī`a

A

faction supporting `Alī and his family

145
Q

mahdī

A

one who is “guided” by God and therefore a source of guidance
for other Muslims

146
Q

Kaysāniyya

A

followers of al-Mukhtār

147
Q

Abū Hāshim ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥanafiyya

A

Mahdī recognized by
the Kaysāniyya after 700

148
Q

Muḥammad ibn Alī ibn Abdullāh ibn al-`Abbās (d. 743)

A

`Abbāsī who
Inherited the claim of Abū Hāshim

149
Q

ghulāt

A

extremist Shī`īs

150
Q

Ja`far aṣ-Ṣādiq (. 765)

A

great-grandson of al-Ḥusayn ibn `Alī, later
recognized as the sixth Imām

151
Q

Ubaydullāh ibn Ḥabhāb

A

finance official of Egypt, 724-34

152
Q

Hishām

A

Marwānī caliph, 724-43

153
Q

Turgesh

A

new central Asian Turkic state; enemy of the Islamic empire
under Hishām

154
Q

Ḥārith ibn Surayj (d. 740)

A

Murji`ī or Qadarī rebel in Khurāsān

155
Q

Qadariyya

A

group at Damascus, proponents of human responsibility

156
Q

Ghaylān of Damascus

A

early Qadarī executed by Hishām for his views

157
Q

Zayd ibn `Alī

A

Shī`ī rebel at Kūfa in 740

158
Q

Walīd ibn Yazīd

A

Marwānī caliph, 743-4

159
Q

Marwān II

A

last Marwānī caliph, 744-50

160
Q

Abū Muslim

A

Persian agent of the `Abbāsīs in Khurāsān

161
Q

Abū l-`Abbās as-Saffāh

A

the first `Abbāsī caliph, 749-54

162
Q

Abū Ja`far al-Manṣūr

A

“the victorious”, caliph. 754-75

163
Q

al-Mahdī

A

“the rightly guided”, caliph, 775-85

164
Q

wazīr

A

office of head administrator created by al-Manṣūr

165
Q

Yaḥyā ibn Khālid ibn Barmak (d. 805)

A

wazīr for ar-Rashīd

166
Q

Ibāḍī/Sufrī

A

Khārijī sects that established states in North Africa

167
Q

Ḥamza ibn Ᾱdharak (d. 828)

A

leader of Khārijī revolt in Sīstān against
administrative exploitation

168
Q

Muḥammad the Pure Soul (d. 762)

A

Shī`ī rebel at Madīna

169
Q

Ja`far aṣ-Ṣādiq (d. 765)

A

great-grandson of al-Ḥusayn ibn `Alī, later
regarded as the sixth Imām

170
Q

Fakhkh

A

location of the massacre of `Alī’s descendents near Makka
In 786

171
Q

Idrīs

A

brother of Muḥammad the Pure Soul, founder of `Alawī state in
Morocco

172
Q

Ar-Rashīd

A

Abbāsī caliph, 786-809, who persecuted descendents of Alī

173
Q

Mūsā ibn Ja`far (d. 799)

A

son of Jafar aṣ-Ṣādiq, later regarded as the seventh Imām by the Twelver Shīa

174
Q

Muḥammad ibn Ismā`īl

A

grandson of Jfar aṣ-Ṣadiq, organized the Ismāīlī movement as a secret sect with revolutionary propa-
ganda and was recognized by his followers as the seventh Imām

175
Q

`ulamā’

A

professional specialists in Islamic doctrine, ḥadīth, and law

176
Q

madhhab

A

a system of law

177
Q

Abū Ḥanīfa (d. 767)

A

Irāqī legal scholar; eponymous founder of the Ḥanafī
system of law

178
Q

Mālik ibn Anas (d. 795)

A

qāḍī in Madīna, eponymous founder of the Mālikī system of law

179
Q

ash-Shāfi`ī (767-820)

A

disciple of Mālik, eponymous founder of the Shāfi`ī system of law

180
Q

kalām

A

dialectic argument

181
Q

Zindīq

A

a Manichaean dualist

182
Q

Zindīq

A

a Manichaean dualist

183
Q

Ṣūfī

A

a Muslim mystic

184
Q

Rābi`a bint al-Adawiyya (d. 801)

A

early ecstatic Ṣūfī

185
Q

al-Ḥārith al-Muhāsibī (781-837)

A

rāqī Ṣūfī who introduced gnostic ideas

186
Q

al-Amīn

A

son of ar-Rashīd, caliph 809-13

187
Q

al-Ma’mūn

A

son of ar-Rashīd who succeeded al-Amīn after defeating him;
caliph 813-33

188
Q

Babak

A

dualist Mazdakite rebel in Azerbayjān, 816-837

189
Q

Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal (780-855)

A

anti-Mutazilī ālim and major source of
ḥadīth-oriented systems of law and doctrine

190
Q

al-Mu’tasim

A

pro-Mu`tazilī caliph, 833-42, who moved the capital to
Sāmarrā’

191
Q

al-Wāthiq

A

pro-Mu`tazilī caliph, 842-47; first to appoint Turkish officers
as provincial governors

192
Q

qabāla

A

a tax farm

193
Q

al-Mutawakkil

A

anti-Mu`tazilī caliph, 847-61

194
Q

iqṭā`

A

the grant of fiscal rights to taxable land to soldiers in lieu of salary

195
Q

Aḥmad ibn Tulūn (d. 884)

A

deputy of Turkish general who was governor
of Egypt; allowed to collect taxes and create his own army

196
Q

Ya`qūb ibn Layth as-Saffār (d. 878-9)

A

vigilante ruler of Sīstān

197
Q

Zanj

A

black African slaves

198
Q

Mu`tamid

A

`Abbāsī caliph, 870-92

199
Q

Mu`taḍid

A

`Abbāsī caliph, 892-902

200
Q

Ashot I

A

elected king of Armenia

201
Q

Naṣr ibn Aḥmad

A

Sāmānī governor of all central Asia, 874-92

202
Q

Ismā`īl ibn Aḥmad

A

Sāmānī ruler of central Asia, 892-907, who defeated
the Saffārīs

203
Q

Muqtadir

A

`Abbāsī caliph, 908-32

204
Q

Fāṭimī

A

ruling dynasty of Ismā`īlī caliphs in North Africa

205
Q

`Abd ar-Raḥmān III (912-961)

A

Umawī caliph in al-Andalus

206
Q

Qarmaṭī

A

branch of the Ismā`īlī movement in the East

207
Q

Ibn Karrām (d. 869)

A

Ḥanafī missionary in Ṭabaristān

208
Q

Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal (780-855)

A

anti-Mutazilī ālim and major source of
ḥadīth-oriented systems of law and doctrine

209
Q

Dāwūd ibn Khalaf (d. 884)

A

founder of a literalist (ẓāhirī) system of law

210
Q

Zaydī

A

a Shīī follower of Zayd ibn Alī (d. 740)

211
Q

al-Qāsim ar-Rassī (d. 860)

A

Zaydī ideologue

212
Q

Imāmi

A

a member of the Twelver Shī`ī sect

213
Q

Ismā`īlī

A

a Shīī sect that believed Muḥammad ibn Ismāīl would
reappear as the seventh speaking prophet

214
Q

bāṭin

A

hidden, esoteric meaning of the Qur’ān

215
Q

Qā’im

A

“one who arises”, used for the Mahdī

216
Q

Muḥammad ibn Ismā`īl

A

the seventh Imām of the Ismā`īlīs

217
Q

Ḥamdān Qarmaṭ

A

leader of the Qarmaṭī branch of the Ismā`īlī
Movement in eastern Arabia

218
Q

`Ubaydullāh al-Mahdī

A

founder of the Fāṭimī dynasty, caliph 910-33

219
Q

al-Muktafī

A

`Abbāsī caliph, 902-8

220
Q

al-Muqtadir

A

`Abbāsī caliph, 908-32

221
Q

al-Manṣūr

A

Fāṭimī calilph, 946-53

222
Q

`Abd ar-Raḥmān III

A

Umawī caliph in al-Andalus, 912-961

223
Q

amīr al-umarā’

A

commander-in-chief, from 936 onwards the
combination of civilian and military authority in Baghdād

224
Q

Ḥasan ibn Abū l-Hayja al-Ḥamdānī

A

governor of Mawṣil, 936-67

225
Q

Daylamīs

A

Iranian people living in Gīlān and Māzandarān

226
Q

Mardāvīj

A

Daylamīi Ismā`īlī military adventurer

227
Q

Būyeh or Būwayh

A

Daylamī mercenary in the service of Mardāvīj

228
Q

John Curcuas

A

Armenian general of the Byzantines

229
Q

Muḥammad ibn Tughj al-Ikhshīd

A

Turkish governor of Egypt for the
`Abbāsīs, 935-46

230
Q

Abū l-Misk Kāfūr

A

Abyssinian general of the Ikhshīdīs

231
Q

Naṣr II ibn Aḥmad

A

Sāmānī ruler, 913-42

232
Q

Nūh ibn Naṣr

A

Sāmānī ruler, 943-54

233
Q

dihqān

A

military landholder in Khurāsān and Central Asia under the
Sāmānīs

234
Q

ghāzī

A

a raider; sometimes a member of an organized band of
frontier raiders

235
Q

Naṣr ad-Dawla (d. 697)

A

Ḥamdānī ruler of Mawṣil

236
Q

`Alī Sayf ad-Dawla

A

Ḥamdānī ruler of Halab

237
Q

Aḥmad, Mu`izz ad-Dawla

A

Būwayhī ruler at Baghdād, 945-67

238
Q

Ḥasan, Rukn ad-Dawla

A

Būwayhī ruler at Rayy, 946-76

239
Q

`Alī,Imad ad-Dawla

A

Būwayhī ruler at Shīrāz, 934-49

240
Q

al-Mutī`

A

“the obedient”, `Abbāsī caliph, 946-74

241
Q

al-Qā’im

A

“the one who arises”, Fāṭimī caliph, 933-46

242
Q

al-Ash`arī (d. 944)

A

Sunnī `ālim who emphasized divine omnipotence
and favored the use of kalām

243
Q

al-Kulīnī (d. 940)

A

Imāmī Shī`ī legal scholar

244
Q

Mu`izz ad-Dawla

A

Būwayhī ruler at Baghdād

245
Q

Ashūra

A

the lamentation for al-Ḥusayn on the tenth of Muharram

246
Q

al-Mu`izz

A

Fāṭimī caliph, 935-75

247
Q

ma`rifa, gnosis

A

spiritual knowledge

248
Q

Ghadīr Khumm

A

festival on the 18th of Dhū l-Hijja commemorating
Muḥammad’s designation of `Alī as his successor

249
Q

al-Junayd (d. 910)

A

major ṣūfī intellectual

250
Q

al-Hallāj (858-922)

A

ecstatic ṣūfi

251
Q

ibāṭ, khānqāh

A

a lodge for the pious supported by endowments

252
Q

ibāṭ, khānqāh

A

a lodge for the pious supported by endowments

253
Q

walī, pl. awliyā

A

“friend of God” who possesses baraka from
intimacy with God

254
Q

mawlīd an-Nabī

A

Muḥammad’s birthday celebrated on the 12th of Rabī`a al-Awwal

255
Q

sharīf

A

a direct descendent of the Prophet

256
Q

al-Manṣūr

A

Umawī general and military dictator in al-Andalus, 981-1002

257
Q

al-Mu`izz

A

Fāṭimī caliph, 952-75

258
Q

al-`Azīz

A

Fāṭimī caliph, 975-96

259
Q

Sayf ad-Dawla

A

Ḥamdānī ruler of Halab

260
Q

al-Qāhira/Cairo

A

new Fāṭimī capital of Egypt

261
Q

wāsiṭa

A

intermediary who carried out the orders of the Fāṭimī
Imām/caliph

262
Q

Ya`qūb ibn Killis (d. 991)

A

Baghdādī Jewish convert to Islam who
organized the Fāṭimī financial system in Egypt

263
Q

Qāḍī an-Nu`mān (d. 974)

A

North African legal scholar who formulated Ismā`īlī law

264
Q

Basil II

A

Byzantine emperor, 976-1025

265
Q

aḥdāth

A

popular militia in Syrian cities

266
Q

Banū Kilāb

A

northern Syrian Arab tribe that became the leading tribe in
the region

267
Q

Banū Dubays

A

outheastern Irāqī Arab tribe

268
Q

Banū Mazyad

A

leading Arab tribe in the lower Euphrates districts

269
Q

Banū `Uqayl

A

Arab tribe in the region between the Tigris and the Euphrates from Wāsiṭ to Mawṣil

270
Q

`Aḍud al-Dawla

A

ruler who reunited and extended Būwayhī territory, 949-83

271
Q

`ārid

A

head of military administrators and army secretaries who
managed land distributed at iqṭā` under the Būwayhīs

272
Q

Ibn Bābūya as-Sadūq (d. 991)

A

Imāmī Shī`ī legal scholar

273
Q

al-Kāzarūnī (d. 1034)

A

ṣūfī missionary in Shīrāz

274
Q

al-Bāqillānī (d. 1013)

A

leading Mālikī jurist and Asharī ālim at
Baghdād in the late fourth/tenth century

275
Q

madrasa

A

a school for teaching Sunnī law and doctrine

276
Q

al-`Uqbarī

A

most important Ḥanbalī scholar in the late fourth/tenth
century

277
Q

Bahā` ad-Dawla

A

Būwayhi ruler at Shīrāz

278
Q

`Abd al-Malik

A

Sāmānī ruler, 954-61

279
Q

Qarakhānī

A

state of free, pastoral Qarlūq Turks, Muslim by the fourth/tenth century

280
Q

Maḥmūd ibn Sabüktegin

A

Turkish slave, son-in-law and successor of
Alptegin (977-97) at Ghazna, 998-1030, founder of the Ghaznavī
dynasty

281
Q

Dubays ibn `Alī

A

Mazyadī ruler, 1018-82

282
Q

Hilla

A

town in Iraq founded by the Banū Mazyad

283
Q

al-Ḥākim

A

Fāṭimī caliph, 996-1021

284
Q

da`wā

A

religious propaganda

285
Q

dā`ī

A

one who spreads da`wā

286
Q

al-Qādir

A

`Abbāsī caliph, 991-1031, who presided over the Sunnī
revival

287
Q

Banū Zīrī

A

dynasty of Berber governors for the Fāṭimīs in North Africa

288
Q

al-Mu`izz ibn Bādīs

A

Zīrī ruler in North Africa, 1016-62

289
Q

Darazī (d. 1017)

A

agent of al-Ḥākim, eponym of the Druze sect in Southern Syria

290
Q

Bohorā

A

Ismā`īlī sect in India

291
Q

Niẓārī

A

extremist Ismā`īlī sect in Iran

292
Q

ayyrūn, fityān

A

armed partisans of urban factions, and/or bandits

293
Q

futuwwa

A

a paramilitary organization

294
Q

Ghuzz

A

tribal, pastoral Turks in Central Asia

295
Q

khān, beg

A

Turkish tribal leader

296
Q

shaman

A

tribal Turkish religious practitioner who dealt with the
spiritual world

297
Q

türkmen

A

tribal, pastoral Turks

298
Q

Saljūq

A

Ancestor of the Ghuzz family that founded the Saljūq empire

299
Q

Toghrïl Beg (d. 1063) and Chagri Beg (d. 1060)

A

brothers and leaders
of the Saljūq migrations

300
Q

Dandanqān

A

Saljūq victory over Mas`ūd of Ghazna in 1040

301
Q

Alp Arslān

A

Saljūq sulṭān, 1063-72

302
Q

Manzikert

A

where Alp Arslān defeated the Byzantines in eastern Anatolia
In 1071

303
Q

Sulaymān ibn Qutlumish (d. 1086)

A

member of a cadet branch of the
Saljūq family who established himself in Anatolia

304
Q

Alexius I

A

Byzantine emperor, 1081-1118

305
Q

Malik Shāh

A

Saljūq sulṭān, 1071-92

306
Q

Banū Hilāl/Sulaym

A

bedouin Arab tribes that invaded North Africa in the mid-fifth/eleventh century

307
Q

Haydarān

A

where the Banū Hilāl defeated the Banū Zīrī in Ifrīqiyya in
1052

308
Q

Murābiṭūn

A

movement of Sanhaja Berbers led by Māikī `ulāmā’

309
Q

al-Ghazālī

A

ṣūfī who popularized a fusion of ṣūfism with Sunnī Islam

310
Q

al-Musṭansir

A

Fāṭimī caliph, 1036-94

311
Q

Badr al-Jamālī (d. 1094)

A

Armenian general who became Fāṭimī military
dictator in 1074

312
Q

Niẓām al-Mulk (1019-92)

A

Saljūq wazīr, author of Siyāsat-nāmeh, “the
Book of Government”

313
Q

Sharī`a

A

the body of rules guiding the life of a Muslim

314
Q

atabeg

A

“father-commander”, advisor of a Saljūq prince

315
Q

Barkyaruk

A

Saljūq sulṭān, 1092-1105

316
Q

Muḥammad

A

Saljūq sulṭān, 1105-18

317
Q

al-Mustaẓhir

A

`Abbāsī caliph, 1094-1118

318
Q

al-Malik al-Afdal

A

son and successor of Badr al-Jamālī as Fāṭimī dictator, 1094-1121

319
Q

Maḥmūd

A

Saljūq sulṭān, 1118-31

320
Q

Mas`ūd

A

Saljūq sulṭān, 1133-52

321
Q

`Imad ad-Dīn Zanjī

A

Saljūq governor of Mawṣil, 1127-46

322
Q

al-Mustarshid

A

`Abbāsī caliph, 1118-35

323
Q

al-Muqtafī

A

`Abbāsī caliph, 1136-60

324
Q

Khwārazm

A

center of powerful, brief empire in Central Asia

325
Q

Qarakhitai

A

Mongol pastoralists

326
Q

ṣinf, pl. aṣnāf

A

an association based on occupation

327
Q

ash-Shahrastānī (d. 1153)

A

Ash`arī scholar

328
Q

Fakhr ad-Dīn ar-Rāzī (1149-1209)

A

Shāfiī jurist and Asharī scholar
tarīqa - “path” or “way”, a ṣūfī brotherhood

329
Q

`Abd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī (1077-1166)

A

Ḥanbalī jurist at Baghdād, founder
of the Qādiriyya ṣūfī brotherhood

330
Q

Aḥmad ar-Rifā`ī (d. 1182)

A

nephew of al-Jīlānī, founder of the Rifā`iyya
ṣūfī brotherhood

331
Q

Nūr ad-Dīn

A

Zanjī amīr, 1146-74

332
Q

Niẓārī

A

Ismā`īlī sect

333
Q

al-`Aḍid

A

the last Fāṭimī caliph, 1160-71

334
Q

Shirkūh (d. 1169)

A

Kurdish governor and general for Nūr ad-Dīn

335
Q

Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn

A

Ayyūbī sulṭān, 1169-93

336
Q

aṣ-Ṣāliḥ

A

Ayyūbī sulṭān, 1240-49

337
Q

Baba Ishāq

A

popular ṣūfī preacher in southeast Anatolia where he Inspired a rebellion (1239-40)

338
Q

an-Nāṣir

A

`Abbāsī caliph, 1180-1225

339
Q

Khwārazmshāh

A

ruler of the Khwārazmian empire

340
Q

`Umar as-Suhrawardī (1144-1234)

A

founder of a ṣūfī brotherhood
and advisor of an-Nāṣir

341
Q

Rahhāṣiyya

A

a futuwwa order promoted by an-Nāṣir

342
Q

Temüjin (1167-1227)

A

Chingis Khān, Mongol leader

343
Q

Yasa

A

Mongol law code

344
Q

Köse Dagh

A

Mongol victory over Saljūqs of Rūm, June 26, 1243

345
Q

Mönke

A

Mongol ruler, 1251-59

346
Q

Hülagü

A

the first Il-Khān, 1256-65

347
Q

Qutuz

A

Mamlūq sulṭān, 1257-60

348
Q

Ayn Jalūt

A

Mamlūk victory over the Mongols in 1260

349
Q

Ghazan

A

Il-Khān, 1295-1304

350
Q

Baybars

A

Mamlūk sulṭān, 1260-77

UCLA FALL '22 (4 decks)

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