HIS CHAPTER 1QUIZ Flashcards
Why learn about information systems in organizations?
Information system can cut costs and increase profits
Students in most field need to know information systems
Set of interrelated components called, manipulate store , and disseminate data and information
Information system
Example of information systems
Atm machine
Airline reservation system
Course reservation system
Raw facts
Data
Examples of data
Alphanumeric
Image
Audio
Video
Collection of facts organized in such a way that they have additional value beyond the value of the facts themselves
Information
Characteristics of. Valuable information
Accessible
Accurate
Complete
Economical
Flexible
Relevant
Reliable
Secure
Simple
Timely
Verifiable
Information should be accessible by authorized users so they can obtain it in the right format and at the right time to meet their needs
Accessible
information is error free. In some cases, inaccurate information is generated because inaccurate data is fed into the transformation process. This i commonly called garbage in , garbage out
Accurately
information should also be relatively economical to produce. Decision makers must always balance the value of information with the cost of producing it
economical
information can be used for a variety of purposes. For example information on how much inventory is on hand for a particular part can be used by a sales representative in closing a sale
flexible
information is important to the decision maker. information showing that lumber prices might not be relevant to a computer chip manufacturer
relevant
information can be depended on. in many cases, the reliability of the information depends on reliability of data- collection method.
reliable
information should be secure from access by unauthorized users
secure
information should be simple, not overly complex
simple
information is delivered when it is needed
timely
this means that you can check it to make sure it is correct
verifiable
directly linked to how it helps decision makers achieve their organizations goals
the value of information
example of value of information
time required to make a decision
increased profits to the company
the activity of gathering and capturing raw data
input
converting or transforming data into useful outputs
processing
production of useful information, usually in the form of documents and reports
output
output that is used to make changes to input or processing activities
feedback
developing patterns and trends on graph paper for stocks analysis
manual
using program trading to track the market and trade large blocks of stocks when discrepancies occur
computerized
single set of hardware, software, databases, telecommunities, people and procedures
computer based information system (CBIS)
types of information sytsems used in business organizations
electronic and mobile commerce systems
transaction processing systems
management information systems
decision support systems
specialized business information systems
business related exchange
transaction
organized collection of people, procedure, software, database and devices used to record completed
transaction processing systems (TPS)
organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases and devices
management information system
organized collection of people, procedures, software, database and devices
decision support system
an organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases and devices to create store share
knowledge management systems
an organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases and devices to create store share
knowledge management systems
field in which the computer system takes on the characteristics of human intelligence
artificial intelligence (AI)
simulation of a real imagined environmental that can be experienced visually in three dimensions
virtual reality
creating or modifying existing business systems
systems development
gain understanding of the problem to be solved or opportunity to be addressed
systems investigation
defines problem and opportunities of the existing system
system analysis
how the new systems will work to meet the business needs defined during systems analysis
system design
creating or acquiring the various system components define in the design step, assembling them and putting the new system into operation
systems implementation
check and modify the systems so that it continues to meet changing business needs
systems maintenance and review
check and modify the systems so that it continues to meet changing business needs
systems maintenance and review
collection of people and other resources established to accomplish a set of goals
organizations
collection of people and other resources established to accomplish a set of goals
organizations
series ( chain) of activities that includes inbound logistics, an warehouse and storage facilities
Value of chain
management of finished product storage, outbound logistics marketing and sales and customer service
downstream management
major understanding and assumptions
organizational culture
how organizations plan for implement and handle change
organizational change
specifies factors that can lead to higher acceptance and usage of technology
technology acceptance model
measure of widespread use of technology
technology diffusion
extent to which technology permeates a department
technology infusion
significant long term benefit to a company over its competition
competitive advantages
deliver the lowest possible products and services
cost leadership
deliver different products and services
differentiation
deliver to a small niche market
niche strategy
change the industry to become more favorable to organization
altering the industry structure
considers both strategic advantages and costs
performance based information systems
output achieved by input required
productivity
increase in profit
earnings growth
percentage of sales in relation to total market
market shre
based on feedback from internal and external users
customer awareness and satisfaction
measurement of total cost of owning computer equipment
total cost of ownership
managers must considers the risks of desingning
risk
focuses on the efficiency of IS fnctions
operations
focuses on development projects and ongoing maintenance and review
systems development
provides user assistance, data administration user training and web administration
support
employs IS departments equipment and personnel to help the organization attain its goals
chief information officer
set up and manage the network hardware, software and security processes
LAN administrators
global challenges in information systems
cultural challenges
language challenges
time and distance challenge
infrastructure challenge
currency challenges
