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BIOETHICS > HIPPOCRATIC OATH > Flashcards

HIPPOCRATIC OATH Flashcards

1
Q

Who are the entities mentioned in the oath to be called as witnesses for keeping the promise?

A

Apollo the Healer, Aesculapius, Health, all the powers of healing, and all the Gods and Goddesses.

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2
Q

How should a physician regard their master in the science?

A

With the same respect as their parents, sharing life with them and paying all debts.

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3
Q

To whom should a physician teach the science?

A

To their sons, the sons of their master, and duly appointed and sworn pupils without fee or contract.

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4
Q

What is the duty of a physician towards younger generations?

A

To teach them their knowledge and skills for the betterment of the patient, not for personal ego.

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5
Q

What should a physician do if a case is beyond their ability?

A

Refer the case to a more capable doctor.

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6
Q

What must a physician abstain from doing to others?

A

Harming or wrong-doing any man.

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7
Q

What is the stance on euthanasia and abortion in the Philippines according to the oath?

A

Both euthanasia and abortion are considered unacceptable and unethical.

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8
Q

What must a physician’s life and practice reflect?

A

Chastity and religiosity.

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9
Q

What should a physician do if a patient needs a procedure outside their specialty?

A

Refer the patient to a practitioner of that craft and respect the different specialties.

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10
Q

What is the intention of a physician when entering a patient’s home?

A

To help the sick and never to do harm or injury.

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11
Q

What is the rule regarding sexual contact with patients?

A

It is forbidden to indulge in sexual contact with patients, regardless of their status.

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12
Q

What is the proper way to perform physical examinations according to the oath?

A

Only touch the patient when and where necessary, ensure appropriate dressing, and have a company present if possible.

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13
Q

What must a physician do with information seen or heard professionally or privately?

A

Keep it secret and divulge it to no one.

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14
Q

What will happen if the oath is observed faithfully?

A

The physician may prosper in life and profession, earning good repute.

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15
Q

What will happen if the oath is violated?

A

The physician’s lot will be otherwise.

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16
Q

What is the primary objective of the practice of medicine?

A

Service to mankind irrespective of race, age, disease, disability, gender, sexual orientation, social standing, creed, or political affiliation.

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17
Q

What should be subordinate to the objective of service in medical practice?

A

Reward or financial gain.

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18
Q

What obligation does a physician assume upon entering the profession?

A

Maintaining the honorable tradition of being a ‘friend of mankind.’

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19
Q

How should physicians conduct themselves according to the General Principles?

A

In accordance with the Code of Ethics and the International Code of Medical Ethics.

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20
Q

What civic duty must physicians fulfill?

A

Conform to laws, cooperate with authorities, and apply medical knowledge for the common welfare.

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21
Q

How should physicians interact with each other?

A

Work together in harmony and mutual respect.

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22
Q

Give examples of unethical practices among physicians.

A

Persuading a patient to visit their clinic instead of a colleague’s, giving compensation for referrals, or posting billboards claiming to be the ‘best doctor in town.’

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23
Q

What is a physician’s duty towards paramedical and other health professionals?

A

Cooperate with and safeguard their interests, reputation, and dignity.

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24
Q

What personal qualities should physicians maintain?

A

Uprightness, diligence, sobriety, modesty, and competence in the science and art of medicine.

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25
Q

What should be prioritized in medical practice?

A

The health of patients over the benefits of physicians or health product industries.

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26
Q

What is the duty of physicians to their patients under Section 1 of Article II?

A

Provide competent medical care with skill, compassion, independence, and respect for human dignity.

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27
Q

What must a physician do in an emergency if their safety is not at risk?

A

Administer first aid and refer the patient to a primary physician or more competent health provider.

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28
Q

Is a physician obligated to treat a patient they pass on the street?

A

No, if doing so endangers their life; however, they are ethically obligated to provide first aid when safe.

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29
Q

What should a physician do in serious or difficult cases?

A

Seek the assistance of an appropriate specialist.

30
Q

What should a physician prioritize when discussing a diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment?

A

Good faith, honesty, and respect for the patient’s right to refuse treatment.

31
Q

What is the rule for informed consent in unconscious or mentally incapacitated patients?

A

Consent may be given by a spouse, immediate relatives, or an authorized party.

32
Q

What is a physician’s responsibility regarding patient confidentiality?

A

Keep patient information sacred and confidential even after death, except when required for justice, safety, or public health.

33
Q

What factors determine professional fees for physicians?

A

Services rendered, patient’s financial status, case nature, time spent, and the physician’s professional standing.

34
Q

What is unethical regarding professional fees?

A

Increasing fees solely based on a patient’s higher financial status.

35
Q

What should a physician do during times of epidemic or public calamity?

A

Attend to victims, alert the public and authorities, and enforce prevention measures unless personal safety is at risk.

36
Q

What is the physician’s duty in assisting justice?

A

Serve as an expert witness and receive fair remuneration as per the law.

37
Q

What is the physician’s responsibility towards unlicensed practitioners and charlatans?

A

Expose and report them to proper authorities and never condone or connive with them.

38
Q

Why is it unethical for agents to solicit patients for specific doctors?

A

Because such practices involve ‘finder’s fees’ and compromise ethical medical referrals.

39
Q

What are the acceptable means of promoting a medical practice?

A

Professional cards, classified ads, publications, directories, internet, and signboards of limited size (1x2 meters).

40
Q

What details can appear on a physician’s signboard or website?

A

Name, field of specialty, office hours, and office or residential addresses.

41
Q

What should not be included in a physician’s advertisements or taglines?

A

Statements like ‘best physician in town,’ ‘heart for the masses,’ or ‘heart for the children.’

42
Q

Where can a physician post information about their qualifications?

A

Within their clinic or residence, and on internet websites to inform patients about their capabilities and qualifications.

43
Q

What must a physician avoid when appearing in multimedia?

A

Making a specific diagnosis, therapy, or projection for individual cases.

44
Q

What are the guidelines for articles written by physicians?

A

They must be evidence-based and disclose connections with pharmaceutical or health product companies.

45
Q

What is prohibited for physicians regarding endorsements?

A

Commercially endorsing medical or health products.

46
Q

Who is exempt from paying professional fees to a physician?

A

Colleagues, their financially dependent spouses, children, and parents.

47
Q

What must a physician do if an appropriate specialist is needed?

A

Seek consultation from the specialist.

48
Q

What is the protocol for referrals between physicians?

A

The referring physician must forward a clinical abstract and specify whether the referral is for opinion, co-management, or transfer of service.

49
Q

What is the responsibility of a substitute physician during a temporary absence?

A

Treat the patient with the same dedication and return the patient to the primary physician as soon as possible.

50
Q

Is it ethical for a physician to comment on a patient under another doctor’s care?

A

No, it is unethical unless an emergency arises.

51
Q

What should be done in cases of irreconcilable differences between physicians about patient management?

A

Refer the matter to the Philippine Medical Association or the relevant specialty society.

52
Q

What is required for editorial board members of medical journals?

A

They must possess adequate qualifications.

53
Q

What should be disclosed in medical articles and scientific presentations?

A

Full disclosure of pharmaceutical support and independence from commercial influence.

54
Q

What is prohibited regarding commissions for referrals?

A

Physicians should not receive commissions for referring patients to colleagues, third parties, or institutions.

55
Q

What gifts are acceptable for physicians to receive?

A

Nominal gifts such as birthday cakes or flowers.

56
Q

What should physicians report to the Philippine Medical Association?

A

Corrupt or dishonest conduct by members of the profession.

57
Q

What is the purpose of Continuing Medical Education (CME) conferences?

A

To improve and optimize patient care or address educational needs of the medical audience.

58
Q

Can funds from commercial sources be accepted?

A

Yes, but only for the benefit of associations or societies, not for personal use.

59
Q

Are subsidies for CME events allowed?

A

Yes, as long as they are reasonable and support the physician’s participation.

60
Q

Can physicians accept honoraria from industries?

A

Yes, for reasonable transportation, lodging, and meal expenses during conferences.

61
Q

What are the guidelines for scholarships for physicians and medical students?

A

Scholarships are permissible as long as selection is made by organizers or academic institutions.

62
Q

What name should be used in CME activities?

A

Generic names of drugs or health products.

63
Q

What are the restrictions on commercial exhibits at CME events?

A

They must not influence the planning or interfere with CME activities and should only include relevant product information.

64
Q

What is prohibited between physicians and allied health workers?

A

Paying or receiving commissions for patient referrals.

65
Q

What material gain is prohibited from product samples?

A

Physicians should not derive any form of material gain from product samples.

66
Q

What conditions must be met for physicians participating in post-marketing activities?

A

Patients must be properly informed, give consent, and results should be shared with authorities.

67
Q

What kind of gifts may be accepted by physicians from health product companies?

A

Only gifts of reasonable value that benefit patient care or are related to the physician’s work.

68
Q

When can physicians request donations?

A

For charitable purposes that do not benefit the physician personally.

69
Q

What are the ethical requirements for research activities by physicians?

A

They must be ethically defensible, socially responsible, scientifically valid, and remuneration should not be an enticement.

70
Q

What guidelines must research trials adhere to?

A

National or institutional guidelines for the protection of human subjects.

71
Q

Who can amend or repeal the code of ethics?

A

The Board of Governors of the Philippine Medical Association upon recommendation of the Commission on Ethics.

72
Q

What is required for amendments to the code of ethics to take effect?

A

Approval by a 2/3 vote of the Board and ratification by the General Assembly.

BIOETHICS (1 decks)

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