hip problems in children

Question 1

Transient synovitis (irritable hip) usual age group ?

Answer 1

2-10 years

hip pain associated with viral infection

most common hip pain in children

groin or hip pain
a low-grade fever is present in a minority of patients

high fever should raise the suspicion of other causes such as septic arthritis

Question 2

Perthes disease demographic and what is it ?

Answer 2

ages of 4-8 years.

more common in boys

It is due to avascular necrosis of the femoral head

Question 3

perthes disease features ?

Answer 3

hip pain: develops progressively over a few weeks

limp

stiffness and reduced range of hip movement

Question 4

perthes disease MX ?

Answer 4

keep the femoral head within the acetabulum: cast, braces

If less than 6 years: observation

Older: surgical management with moderate results
Operate on severe deformities

Question 5

diagnosis of perthes disease

Answer 5

plain x-ray

widening of joint space, later changes include decreased femoral head size/flattening

Question 6

Slipped upper femoral epiphysis what is it and demographic

Answer 6

10-15 years

More common in obese children and boys

Displacement of the femoral head epiphysis postero-inferiorly

present acutely following trauma

Question 7

Features of slipped upper femoral epiphysis

Answer 7

hip, groin,
medial thigh or knee pain

loss of internal rotation of the leg in flexion

Question 8

mx of slipped upper femoral epiphysis

Answer 8

internal fixation: typically a single cannulated screw placed in the centre of the epiphysis

Question 9

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)

Answer 9

less than 16 years old that lasts for more than three months.

Pauciarticular JIA refers to cases where 4 or less joints are affected.