Hip Pathologies

Question 1

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip

What is it?
How is it tested?
Treatment options?

Answer 1

Abnormal development in babies, causes subluxation/dislocation of the hip due to capsular laxity. unknown cause.

Screened with ORTOLANI’S test

Treatments: Frejka Pillow, Pavlik Harness, Von Rosen, Hip Abduction Brace

Question 2

Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease

What is it?
Treatment options?

Answer 2

Damage that occurs to the hip when blood supply to the femoral head is temporarily lost. Causes fractures and deformities of the femoral head. Typically in kids 4-10 yr old. more common in boys. Usually unilateral involvement

Treatments: Toronto Orthosis, Atlanta Scottish Rite Orthosis, Newington Orthosis

Question 3

Spastic Hip Dysplasia

What is it?
Treatment options?

Answer 3

Dysplasia is caused by spastic muscles keeping the child form getting normal positioning of the hip joint, then we treat by providing that range via an orthosis. Common with kids with CP. Can eventually become dislocated and painful

Treatments: Foam abduction pillow, SWASH

Question 4

Anterior Hip Dislocation - less prevalent 15%

Mechanism of injury?
Treatment options?

Answer 4

Mechanism: hip extension, hip external rotation, hip abduction; Reaching towards a high shelf, laying back in bed, putting on a coat

Treatments: HKAFO - Must control rotation

Question 5

Posterior Hip Dislocation - more prevalent 85%

Mechanism of injury?
Treatment Options?

Answer 5

Mechanism: hip flexion, hip adduction, hip internal rotation; Sitting & reaching opposite side, exiting vehicle, rising from low chair or toilet seat

Treatment: Hip Spica