Hip & Knee Goniometry Flashcards
Describe the steps of the examination procedure
- place pt in testing position
- move distal segment (as close as possible) to starting position
- complete passive ROM & end feel
- palpate bony landmarks
- stabilize proximal joint segment
- move distal segment through the full ROM
- place goni, palpating landmarks again if necessary
- read & record
Hip flexion ROM value
120 degrees
120-140 is common
Hip flexion testing position
supine
neutral abd/add
neutral rot
Hip flexion end feel
soft - due to anterior thigh muscle bulk
firm (sometimes) - due to tension of posterior joint capsule
Hip flexion alignment
Stationary: lateral midline of pelvis
Moving: lateral midline of femur (lateral epicondyle)
Fulcrum: greater trochanter
Hip extension ROM value
20 degrees
18-30 is common
Hip extension testing position
prone
neutral abd/add
neutral rot
Hip extension end feel
firm - due to tension in the anterior joint capsule
Hip extension alignment
Stationary: lateral midline of pelvis
Moving: lateral midline of femur (lateral epicondyle)
Fulcrum: greater trochanter
Hip abduction ROM values
40 degrees
40-55 is common
Hip abduction testing position
supine
neutral flx/ext
neutral rot
Hip abduction end feel
firm - due to tension in the inferior joint capsule
Hib abduction alignment
Stationary: imaginary line from ASIS to ASIS
Moving: anterior midline of femur towards patella
Fulcrum: ASIS
Hip Adduction ROM values
20 degrees
20-25 is common
Hip adduction testing position
supine
neutral flx/ext
neutral rot
*move contralateral LE into abduction
Hip adduction end feel
Firm - due to tension in the superior joint capsule and superior band of the iliofemoral ligament
Hip adduction alignment
Stationary: imaginary line from ASIS to ASIS
Moving: anterior midline of femur towards patella
Fulcrum: ASIS
Hip IR mean ROM
45 degrees
30-45 is common
Hip IR testing position
sitting
neutral abd/add
knee flexed to 90
towel roll placed under distal femur to maintain level femur
Hip IR end feel
Firm - due to tension in the posterior joint capsule and the ischiofemoral ligament
Hip IR alignment
Stationary: perpendicular to floor
Moving: anterior midline of lower leg (crest of tibia)
Fulcrum: anterior patella
Hip ER mean ROM
45 degrees
32-50 is common
Hip ER testing position
sitting
neutral abd/add
knee flexed to 90
Hip ER end feel
Firm - due to tension in the anterior joint capsule, iliofemoral ligamnet, and pubofemoral ligament
Hip ER alignment
Stationary: perpendicular to floor
Moving: anterior midline of lower leg (crest of tibia)
Fulcrum: anterior patella
Knee flexion mean ROM
135
135-150 is common
Knee flx testing position
supine
neutral hip flx/ext
neutral hip abd/add
Knee flx end feel
Soft - due to contact between the muscle bulk of the posterior calf and the thigh or between the heel and the buttocks
Knee flx alignment
Stationary: greater trochanter
Moving: lateral malleolus
Fulcrum: lateral epicondyle of femur
Knee ext mean ROM
0 degrees
Knee ext testing position
supine
neutral hip flx/ext
neutral hip abd/add
Knee ext end feel
Firm - due to the tension of the posterior joint capsule, the oblique and arcuate popliteal ligaments, the collateral ligaments, and the cruciate ligaments
Knee ext alignment
Stationary: greater trochanter
Moving: lateral malleolus
Fulcrum: lateral epicondyle of femur
