Hip joint (articulations, muscle actions, and structures)

Question 1

Orientation of the acetabulum

Answer 1

• Laterally
• Inferiorly
• Anteriorly

Question 2

Osteokinematic motions of the hip

Answer 2

• Flexion
• Extension
• Abduction
• Adduction
• Medial rotation
• Lateral rotation

Question 3

Loose packed position of the hip

Answer 3

• 30 degrees flexion
• 30 degrees abduction
• Slight ER

Question 4

Close packed position of the hip

Answer 4

• Full extension
• IR

Question 5

Capsular pattern of the hip

Answer 5

Flexion –> abduction –> medial rotation
*sometimes IR is most limited

Question 6

Muscles that contribute to hip flexion

Answer 6

• Iliopsoas
• Sartorius
• Rectus femoris
• Pectineus

Question 7

Muscles that contribute to hip extension

Answer 7

• Gluteus max
• Gluteus medius
• Semitendinosus
• Semimenbranosus
• Biceps femoris

Question 8

Muscles that contribute to hip abduction

Answer 8

• Gluteus medius
• Gluteus minimus
• Piriformis
• Obturator internus
• Tensor fasciae latae

Question 9

Muscles that contribute to hip adduction

Answer 9

• Adductor magnus
• Adductor longus
• adductor brevis
• Gracilis

Question 10

Muscles that contribute to hip IR

Answer 10

• Tensor fasciae latae
• Gluteus medius
• Gluteus minimus
• Pectineus
• Adductor longus

Question 11

Muscles that contribute to hip ER

Answer 11

• Gluteus maximus
• Obturator externus
• Obturator internus
• Piriformis
• Gemelli
• Sartorius

Question 12

Function of the acetabular labrum

Answer 12

Enhance the depth of the acetabulum

Question 13

What are the attachment points of the articular capsule?

Answer 13

• Rim of the acetabulum
• Neck of the femur

Question 14

Ligaments that reinforce the hip capsule

Answer 14

• Iliofemoral
• Pubofemoral
• Ischiofemoral

Question 15

What are the main bursae of the hip region?

Answer 15

• Iliopsoas
• Trochanteric
• Ischiogluteal

Question 16

Iliopsoas bursae

Answer 16

B/t the anterior joint capsule and iliopsoas tendon

Question 17

Trochanteric bursae

Answer 17

• Multiple trochanteric bursae
• All are b/t the greater trochanter and gluteal muscles

Question 18

Ischiogluteal bursa

Answer 18

B/t the ischium and gluteus maximus

Question 19

What structures form the femoral triangle?

Answer 19

• Inguinal ligament
• Sartorius
• Adductor longus

Question 20

What is contained in the femoral triangle?

Answer 20

• Femoral artery (can be palpated)
• Lymph glands (can be palpated)
• Femoral nerve
• Femoral vein

Question 21

Iliofemoral ligament

Answer 21

• Strongest in the body
• Prevents excessive hip extension
• Helps maintain upright posture
• From AIIS to intertrochanteric line of the femur

Question 22

Ischiofemoral ligament

Answer 22

• Weakest of the 3 hip ligaments
• Reinforces the capsule
• From ischial wall of the acetabulum to neck of the femur

Question 23

Ligamentum teres

Answer 23

• Physical attachment b/t head of the femur and inferior rim of the acetabulum
• Provides minimal stability

Question 24

What runs in parallel to the ligamentum teres?

Answer 24

Blood vessels and nerves

Question 25

Pubofemoral ligament

Answer 25

• From pubic portion of acetabulum to neck of the femur
• Prevents excessive abduction and limits hip extension