hip exams Flashcards
apparent leg length test
supine. measure from umbilicus to medial malleolus an compare side to side. use to determine leg length deficiency due to pelvic obliquity
allis sign
supine. patient has feet flat on the table and knees flexed. visualize leg length difference at the flexed knee. used to determine discrepancy due to femur length or tibia length
Anvil test
supine. passively lift patient leg to 45 degrees and strike the calcaneus with fist. positive of pain indicates pathology or fracture of hip, knee, tibia, fibula, or calcaneal fracture
guavains sign
side lying on unaffected side. slightly abduct affected side cautiously internally and externally rotate the leg. if abdominal contraction on same side it is positive sign of TB in the hip. usually more common with adolecents.
hip telescoping test
supine. raise affected leg and flex knee to 90 degrees, femur is the pushed down into the table and then extended away from the table. if laxity is found in the hip it is positive for dislocation and possibly displasia
patrick fabere test
FABERE - Flexion, ABduction, External Rotation, Extension
supine. place foot of affected leg over the knee of unaffected leg with affected legs knee falling laterally. pressure is placed on the affected leg while the other hand stabilizes the asis. positive if pain is produced, positive for hip pathology
obers test
side lying. on unaffected side extend and abduct the affected leg with inferior hand. superior hand stabalizes lateral aspect of the hip. slide hand from knee to ankle of the same leg while extended at the hip and knee flexed to 90 degrees. positive if thigh does not dip towards the table when contacting the ankle. positive for IT band contracture
Thomas test
supine. patient flexes unaffected leg at the hip pulling the knee to the chest. positive if lumbar spine maintains lordosis and opposite leg flexes. indicates tightness of iliopsoas musculature
trendelenburgs test
standing. patient lifts one leg off the floor to stand on the foot of the involved side. if normal musculature pelvis will maintain a level orientation. if pelvis dips on the lifted side it is a positive for hip pathology, generally weakness of hip abductor muscles.
ortolanis test
infants, supine. flex the hips and grasp legs so thumbs are against the medial thigh and fingers are lateral thigh to buttock. thighs are abducted with gentle traction if a clunk, click, or jerk is felt it is a positive for hip dislocation
actual leg length test
supine. measure each leg from asis to medial malleolus and compare. positive indicates shortening of one leg compared to the other
