Hip (Ch. 20)

Question 1

Risk factors for femur Fx

Answer 1

• Age related loss of muscle strength and flexibility
• Balance and gait deficits associated with musculoskeletal or neurological disorders, low vision, cognitive decline, and medication effects.

Question 2

Universal hip precautions

Question 3

Trochanteric osteotomy exercise contras

Question 4

Hip capsular pattern

Answer 4

flex > abd > ER

Question 5

ORIF exercise safety

Question 6

Trochanteric bursitis

Answer 6

• Discomfort after standing asymmetrically for long periods
• Aggravated by ambulation and stair climbing
• Tight TFL

Question 7

Subtrochanteric Fx exercises

Question 8

ORIF exercises

Question 9

Patellofemoral impairment/weakness causes…

Answer 9

Increased valgus moment due to weak hip abductors

Question 10

ACL impairment/instability causes…

Answer 10

Valgus collapse and decreased hip extensor activation

Question 11

Piriformis syndrome causes…

Answer 11

Hip extensor and abductor weakness resulting in hip adduction and IR

Question 12

Shortened TFL & glute max cause…

Answer 12

Anterior pelvic tilt, slouched posture, flat back posture, trochanteric bursitis, IT band friction syndrome

Question 13

Dominance of TFL over glute med causes…

Answer 13

Valgus collapse of knee, increased dynamic Q-angle, IT band syndrome, PFPS

Question 14

Dominance of hamstrings over glute max causes…

Answer 14

Excessive lumbar spinal flexion, trochanteric or lateral knee pain, cramping in muscle, hyperextension of knees

Question 15

Unilateral short leg causes…

Answer 15

• Drop to short side
• Side bending away from short side
• Flat foot, genu valgum, coxa vara

Question 16

Coxa valga

Answer 16

• Large angle between head and shaft of femur
• Genu varum, pes cavus, supination

Question 17

Coxa vara

Answer 17

• Small angle between head and shaft of femur
• Genu valgum, pes planus, pronation

Question 18

Hip flexor function during gait

Answer 18

• Control hip extension at end of stance
• Contract concentrically to initiate swing

Question 19

Hip extensor function during gait

Answer 19

• Control flexor moment during loading response
• Initiate hip extension (glute max)

Question 20

Hip abductor function during gait

Answer 20

Control lateral tilt of pelvis when opposite side is in swing

Question 21

Hip Fx signs and symptoms

Answer 21

• Pain in groin or hip region
• Pain with active or passive motion of hip
• Pain with LE WB
• Fractured LE appears shorter and assumes position of ER
• Older than age 75, usually women