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anatomy of the limbs: muscle attachments > Hip buttock and thigh > Flashcards

Hip buttock and thigh Flashcards

1
Q

Piriformis

A

Origin: Anterior surface of sacrum between anterior sacral foramina

Insertion: Medial side of superior border of greater trochanter of femur

(goes through the greater sciatic foramen)

Innervation: branches from S1 and S2 (Sacral plexus)

Function: Laterally rotates the extended femur at hip joint; abducts flexed femur at hip joint

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2
Q

Obturator internus

A

Origin: Anterolateral wall of true pelvis; deep surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bone

Insertion: Medial side of greater trochanter of femur

Innervation: Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)

Function: Laterally rotates the extended femur at hip joint; abducts flexed femur at hip joint
(same as piriformis)

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3
Q

Gemellus superior

A

Origin: External surface of ischial spine

Insertion: Along length of superior surface of the obturator internus tendon and into the medial side of greater trochanter of femur with obturator internus tendon

Innervation: Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)

Function: Laterally rotates the extended femur at hip joint; abducts flexed femur at hip joint

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4
Q

Gemellus inferior

A

Origin: Upper aspect of ischial tuberosity

Attachment: Along length of inferior surface of the obturator internus tendon and into the medial side of greater trochanter of femur with obturator internus tendon

Innervation: Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)

Function: Laterally rotates the extended femur at hip joint; abducts flexed femur at hip joint

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5
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

Origin: Lateral aspect of the ischium just anterior to the ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Quadrate tubercle on the intertrochanteric crest of the proximal femur

Innervation: Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)

Function: Laterally rotates femur at hip joint

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6
Q

Gluteus minimus

A

Origin: External surface of ilium between inferior and anterior gluteal lines

Insertion: Linear facet on the anterolateral aspect of the greater trochanter

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

Function: Abducts femur at hip joint; holds pelvis secure over stance leg and prevents pelvic drop on the opposite swing side during walking; MEDIALLY rotates thigh

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7
Q

Gluetus medius

A

Origin: External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

Insertion: Elongate facet on the lateral surface of the greater trochanter

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

Function: Abducts femur at hip joint; holds pelvis secure over stance leg and prevents pelvic drop on the opposite swing side during walking; MEDIALLY rotates thigh

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8
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

Origin: Fascia covering gluteus medius, external surface of ilium behind posterior gluteal line, fascia of erector spinae, dorsal surface of lower sacrum, lateral margin of coccyx, external surface of sacrotuberous ligament

Insertion: Posterior aspect of iliotibial tract of fascia lata and gluteal tuberosity of proximal femur

Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Function: Powerful extensor of flexed femur at hip joint; lateral stabilizer of hip joint and knee joint; LATERALLY rotates and abducts thigh

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9
Q

TFL

A

Origin: Lateral aspect of crest of ilium between anterior superior iliac spine and tubercle of the crest

Insertion: Iliotibial tract of fascia lata

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

Function: Stabilizes the knee in extension

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10
Q

Psoas major

A

Origin: Posterior abdominal wall (lumbar transverse processes, intervertebral discs, and adjacent bodies from TXII to LV and tendinous arches between these points)

Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur

Innervation: Anterior rami (L1, L2, L3)

Function: Flexes the thigh at the hip joint

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11
Q

Iliacus

A

Origin: Posterior abdominal wall (iliac fossa)

Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3)

Function: Flexes the thigh at the hip joint

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12
Q

Vastus medialis

A

Origin: Femur—medial part of intertrochanteric line, pectineal line, medial lip of the linea aspera, medial supracondylar line

Insertion: Quadriceps femoris tendon and medial border of patella

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

Function: Extends the leg at the knee joint

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13
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

Origin: Femur—upper two-thirds of anterior and lateral surfaces

Insertion: Quadriceps femoris tendon, lateral margin of patella, and lateral condyle of tibia

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

Function: Extends the leg at the knee joint

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14
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

Origin: Femur—lateral part of intertrochanteric line, margin of greater trochanter, lateral margin of gluteal tuberosity, lateral lip of the linea aspera

Insertion: Quadriceps femoris tendon and lateral margin of patella

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

Function: Extends the leg at the knee joint

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15
Q

Rectus femoris

A

Origin: Straight head originates from the anterior inferior iliac spine; reflected head originates from the ilium just superior to the acetabulum

Insertion: Quadriceps femoris tendon

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

Function: Flexes the thigh at the hip joint and extends the leg at the knee joint

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16
Q

Sartorius

A

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: Medial surface of tibia just inferomedial to tibial tuberosity

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3)

Function: Flexes the thigh at the hip joint and flexes the leg at the knee joint

17
Q

Gracilis

A

Origin: A line on the external surfaces of the body of the pubis, the inferior pubic ramus, and the ramus of the ischium

Insertion: Medial surface of proximal shaft of tibia

Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2, L3)

Function: Adducts thigh at hip joint and flexes leg at knee joint

18
Q

Pectineus

A

Origin: Pectineal line (pecten pubis- on the superior pubic ramus) and adjacent bone of pelvis

Insertion: Oblique line extending from base of lesser trochanter to linea aspera on posterior surface of proximal femur

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3)- ADDUCTOR COMPARTMENT BUT FEMORAL NERVE

Function: Adducts and flexes thigh at hip joint

19
Q

Adductor longus

A

Origin: External surface of body of pubis (triangular depression inferior to pubic crest and lateral to pubic symphysis)

Insertion: Linea aspera on middle one-third of shaft of femur

Innervation: Obturator nerve (anterior division) (L2, L3, L4)

Function: Adducts and medially rotates thigh at hip joint

20
Q

Adductor brevis

A

Origin: External surface of body of pubis and inferior pubic ramus

Insertion: Posterior surface of proximal femur and upper one-third of linea aspera

21
Q

Adductor magnus

A

1) Adductor part
a) Origin: ischiopubic ramus
b) Insertion: Posterior surface of proximal femur, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
c) Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)
d) Function: Adducts and medially rotates thigh at hip joint

2) Hamstring part
a) Origin: ischial tuberosity
b) Insertion: adductor tubercle and supracondylar line
c) Innervation: Sciatic nerve (tibial division) (L2, L3, L4)

22
Q

Obturator externus

A

Origin: External surface of obturator membrane and adjacent bone

Insertion: Trochanteric fossa (on medial aspect of femur)

Innervation: Obturator nerve (posterior division) (L3, L4)

Function: Laterally rotates thigh at hip joint

23
Q

Biceps femoris

A

Origin: Long head—inferomedial part of the upper area of the ischial tuberosity; short head—lateral lip of linea aspera

Insertion: Head of fibula

Innervation: Sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Function: Flexes leg at knee joint; extends and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint and laterally rotates leg at knee joint

24
Q

Semitendinosus

A

Origin: Inferomedial part of the upper area of the ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Medial surface of proximal tibia

Innervation: Sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Function:
Flexes leg at knee joint and extends thigh at hip joint; medially rotates thigh at hip joint and leg at knee joint

25
Q

Semimembranosus

A

Origin: Superolateral impression on the ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Groove and adjacent bone on medial and posterior surface of medial tibial condyle

Innervation: Sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Function: Flexes leg at knee joint and extends thigh at hip joint; medially rotates thigh at hip joint and leg at knee joint

anatomy of the limbs: muscle attachments (2 decks)

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