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cata hip and thigh > hip and thigh > Flashcards

hip and thigh Flashcards

1
Q

type of joint

A

Sacroiliac: diarthrodial synovial joint
Pubis symphysis: cartilaginous joint
Hip: ball-and-socket joint

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2
Q

what are the angle for coxa vara and valga

A

valga: 140

vara 90

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3
Q

what muscle affect anterior tilt and posterior tilt

A

anterior: erector spina in thightened and iliopsoas elongated
posterior: rectus abdomnuus normal and glut max shift hip down

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4
Q

what are the nerve that passes anterior to the hip

A

femoral and obturator

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5
Q

nerve that passes posteriorly

A

sciatic

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6
Q

what does iliofermoral limit

A

hip hyperextension

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7
Q

what does pubofemoral lig limit

A

abd and hyperextension

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8
Q

what does ischiofemoral lig limit

A

extension

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9
Q

what is ligament tires function

A

conduit for the medial and lateral circumflex arteries

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10
Q

what is the function of hip ligament as a group

A

make sure that the head of femur is secure inside acetabulum

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11
Q

what is hip pointer

A

contusion of iliac crest over TFL, contusions of trochanter

Also term used to identify tearing of the external oblique muscle from iliac crest

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12
Q

what is functional leg length discrepancy

A

Muscle spasms
Compensations
posture

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13
Q

what is anatomical leg length discrepancy

A

discrepancy in length of femur

scoliosis

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14
Q

what is myositis ossificans

A

abnormal ossification involving bone deposition within the muscle tissue

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15
Q

where is the iliopsoas bursae

A

Between the iliopsoas muscle and the articular capsule of the hip

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16
Q

where is deep trochanteric bursa

A

cushioning btw greater trochanter and glut max

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17
Q

where is the gluteofemoral bursa

A

Separates gluteus max and the vastus lateralis’ origin

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18
Q

what is the ischial bursa

A

Is a weightbearing structure when seated because it cushions the ishial tuberosity.

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19
Q

what are the MOI for greater trochantric bursa

A

Intrinsic factors, running on same side of the street

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20
Q

what does aggraved greater trochanter hip bursae

A

Aggravated by resisted hip abduction, hip flexion/extension while weight bearing

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21
Q

what increase pain in iliopectineal bursitis

A

Passive rotary motions and resisted hip flexion, abduction and external rotation increase pain

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22
Q

how does ischial bursitis occurs

A

From a fall, prolonged sitting (rowers)

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23
Q

what is a common injury in glut min and its caused by what

A

Caused by Trendelenburg and improper hip mechanics

Muscle overload or repetitive muscular contractions

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24
Q

what is more common btw and quad or hams strain ?

A

hamstring

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25
Q

what are the MOI for quad strain

A

Explosive muscular contraction (eccentric mainly)

Bone avulsion

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26
Q

what are the risk factor for hamstring strain

A 
Flexibility
Posture
Muscle imbalances
Lack of neuromuscular control (fatigue, coordination, technique)
Previous injury
BMI
Height
Age (>23y/o= up to 4x risks)
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27
Q

what other part are affected by an hamstring strain

A

hip and knee

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28
Q

which type of hamstring strain occurs at high speed running

A

1

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29
Q

which type of hamstring strain is located to the ishchial tuberosity and involve proximal semimenmb tendon

A

2

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30
Q

which type of hamstring strain is longer to heal

A

2

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31
Q

which one btw type 1 and type 2 hams strain is more common

A

1

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32
Q

what is the MOI for type 2 hams strain

A

Movement leading to extensive lengthening of the HS in hip flexion + knee extension

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33
Q

where is located a type 2 hamstring strain

A

Typically located close to the ishial tuberosity and involve the proximal semimembranosus tendon.

34
Q

where is located a type one hams strain

A

Usually involves the long head of the bicep femoris at the proximal muscle tendon junction.

35
Q

MOI for adductor strain

A

Common in activities with quick change of direction, explosive propulsion and acceleration

36
Q

which adductor is the most commonly injured in soccer

A

add longus

37
Q

what is a cause of adductor strain

A

Strength imbalances between abductors and adductors common predisposing factor

38
Q

risk factor of adductor strain

A

Previous groin injury
Higher level of play
Reduced hip ADD strength
Lower level/ inappropriate sport-specific training

39
Q

grade 1 muscle strain

A

mild tear <5%
minimal sweeping, tenderness delay until next day
no loss of function
7-21 day recovery

40
Q

grade 3 muscle strain

A

complete rupture
severe swelling and pain
complete loss of Strength and function
6 month +

41
Q

grade 2 muscle strain

A

partial tera 50%
significant pain + swelling
evident decrease strength + function
2-3 month

42
Q

strain management

A

rest, ice, avoid massage and stretching, start strengthening, prevent + look for myositis ossifiants, swelling management, pain management

43
Q

what is piriformis syndrome

A

Irritation of the sciatic nerve that passes under the piriformis muscle

44
Q

cause of piriformis syndrome

A

Prolonged sitting, stair climbing, repetitive squatting, recent increase in activity, buttock trauma**May also be irritated from a back condition- herniated disc

45
Q

what does the labrum form and its function

A

The labrum forms a seal around the joint and it increases fluid pressure inside of the joint to improve lubrification of the joint.

46
Q

what does the labrum facilitate

A

Facilitates the hip’s range of motion, allowing the thigh to rotate in every direction, including forward, backward, inward, and externally

47
Q

what does the labrum helps with

A

Helps preserve proper alignment between the hip’s ball and socket

48
Q

how will the leg is found in anterior hip dislocation

A

externally rotated (figure 4 position)

49
Q

how will the leg is found in pos dislocation

A

in internal rotation knee over other knee

50
Q

what cause labral tears

A

Caused by compressive and shearing forces in the hip

51
Q

which injury is typically and weight bearing injury

A

labral tears

52
Q

what is type 1 Cabral tear

A

detachment of labrum

53
Q

what is type 2 labral tear

A

cleavage tear of labrum

54
Q

moi of labral tear

A

> 5 degree traumatic hip extension

55
Q

which type of labral tear is the detachment of labrum

56
Q

which type of labral tear is cleavage tear of labrum

57
Q

what is lego-calve-perthes

A

Avascular necrosis of the capital femoral epiphysisOsteochondrosis condition of the femoral head caused by decreased blood supply

58
Q

average age of leg-calve

A

4-8 ans up to 12 years boys > girls

59
Q

s/s of legg-calve

A

gradual onset of limp, mild hip or knee pain (commonly referred to groin region), decrease ROM in hip abd, ext and ER (due to spasm of hip flexors and adductors)

60
Q

what is slipped capital femoral epiphysis

A

Fracture to the growth plate at the femoral head

61
Q

what is sometimes called adolescent coxa vara

A

slipped capital femoral epiphysis

62
Q

what are the age of slipped capital femoral

A

boys 12-15 years

63
Q

what are the predisposition for slipped capital femoral epiphysis

A

Obese adolescences with underdeveloped sexual characteristics
Rapid growing slender boys

64
Q

s/s for slipped capital femoral

A

limp, with groin pain. Referred pain to anterior thigh or knee.

65
Q

in which hip condition the pain is referred to anterior thigh or knee

A

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis

66
Q

which injury is common during adolescent (11-15 yrs old)

A

avulsion fracture

67
Q

moi for avulsion fracture

A

Repetitive microtrauma stress

Rapid forceful contractions

68
Q

structure involve in avulsion fracture

A

AIIS (rec fem/sartorius) , ischial tuberosity (hamstrings), lesser trochanter (iliopsoas)

69
Q

part that are more prone to stress fracture

A

Pubic ramus, femoral neck and proximal third of the femur

70
Q

what can induce stress fracture

A

Extensive jogging, aerobic dance activities

Fatigue

71
Q

increase risk for stress fracture

A 
Increase mileage/intensity/frequency
Running surfaces
Biomechanical abnormalities
Nutrition and hormonal factors (females)
Health conditions (smoking, hyperthyroidism)
72
Q

what is osteitis pubis and its due to what

A

Inflammation due to continued stress on pubic symphysis

Repetitive overload of adductor muscles or repetitive running activities
Kicking motion
Lateral cutting movement

73
Q

in which hip condition pain may radiate to groin or medial thigh

A

osteitis pubis

74
Q

which ligament support the pubic symphysis

A

Superior pubic ligament

Inferior pubic ligament (AKA arcuate ligament)

75
Q

s/s for osteitis pubis

A

Pain with movements that cause contraction of the muscles that attach to pubic symphysis
Pain may radiate to groin or medial thigh

76
Q

reason why kids can have femoroacetabular impingement

A

Happens when the bone does not form normally during childhood development.

77
Q

which category of kids are more prone to developed femoroacetabular impingement

A

athletic kids

78
Q

what is pincer

A

extra bone over acetabulum

79
Q

what is CAM

A

femoral head is not smooth

80
Q

what does femoraacetabular impingement lead to

A

join damage and pain

81
Q

what is the angle for coxa normal

82
Q

what is another term use to identify tearing of external oblique muscle from iliac cret

A

hip pointer

cata hip and thigh (1 decks)

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