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hip and thigh Flashcards

1
Q

type of joint

A

Sacroiliac: diarthrodial synovial joint
Pubis symphysis: cartilaginous joint
Hip: ball-and-socket joint

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2
Q

what are the angle for coxa vara and valga

A

valga: 140

vara 90

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3
Q

what muscle affect anterior tilt and posterior tilt

A

anterior: erector spina in thightened and iliopsoas elongated
posterior: rectus abdomnuus normal and glut max shift hip down

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4
Q

what are the nerve that passes anterior to the hip

A

femoral and obturator

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5
Q

nerve that passes posteriorly

A

sciatic

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6
Q

what does iliofermoral limit

A

hip hyperextension

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7
Q

what does pubofemoral lig limit

A

abd and hyperextension

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8
Q

what does ischiofemoral lig limit

A

extension

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9
Q

what is ligament tires function

A

conduit for the medial and lateral circumflex arteries

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10
Q

what is the function of hip ligament as a group

A

make sure that the head of femur is secure inside acetabulum

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11
Q

what is hip pointer

A

contusion of iliac crest over TFL, contusions of trochanter

Also term used to identify tearing of the external oblique muscle from iliac crest

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12
Q

what is functional leg length discrepancy

A

Muscle spasms
Compensations
posture

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13
Q

what is anatomical leg length discrepancy

A

discrepancy in length of femur

scoliosis

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14
Q

what is myositis ossificans

A

abnormal ossification involving bone deposition within the muscle tissue

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15
Q

where is the iliopsoas bursae

A

Between the iliopsoas muscle and the articular capsule of the hip

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16
Q

where is deep trochanteric bursa

A

cushioning btw greater trochanter and glut max

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17
Q

where is the gluteofemoral bursa

A

Separates gluteus max and the vastus lateralis’ origin

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18
Q

what is the ischial bursa

A

Is a weightbearing structure when seated because it cushions the ishial tuberosity.

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19
Q

what are the MOI for greater trochantric bursa

A

Intrinsic factors, running on same side of the street

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20
Q

what does aggraved greater trochanter hip bursae

A

Aggravated by resisted hip abduction, hip flexion/extension while weight bearing

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21
Q

what increase pain in iliopectineal bursitis

A

Passive rotary motions and resisted hip flexion, abduction and external rotation increase pain

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22
Q

how does ischial bursitis occurs

A

From a fall, prolonged sitting (rowers)

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23
Q

what is a common injury in glut min and its caused by what

A

Caused by Trendelenburg and improper hip mechanics

Muscle overload or repetitive muscular contractions

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24
Q

what is more common btw and quad or hams strain ?

A

hamstring

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25
what are the MOI for quad strain
Explosive muscular contraction (eccentric mainly) Bone avulsion
26
what are the risk factor for hamstring strain
``` Flexibility Posture Muscle imbalances Lack of neuromuscular control (fatigue, coordination, technique) Previous injury BMI Height Age (>23y/o= up to 4x risks) ```
27
what other part are affected by an hamstring strain
hip and knee
28
which type of hamstring strain occurs at high speed running
1
29
which type of hamstring strain is located to the ishchial tuberosity and involve proximal semimenmb tendon
2
30
which type of hamstring strain is longer to heal
2
31
which one btw type 1 and type 2 hams strain is more common
1
32
what is the MOI for type 2 hams strain
Movement leading to extensive lengthening of the HS in hip flexion + knee extension
33
where is located a type 2 hamstring strain
Typically located close to the ishial tuberosity and involve the proximal semimembranosus tendon.
34
where is located a type one hams strain
Usually involves the long head of the bicep femoris at the proximal muscle tendon junction.
35
MOI for adductor strain
Common in activities with quick change of direction, explosive propulsion and acceleration
36
which adductor is the most commonly injured in soccer
add longus
37
what is a cause of adductor strain
Strength imbalances between abductors and adductors common predisposing factor
38
risk factor of adductor strain
Previous groin injury Higher level of play Reduced hip ADD strength Lower level/ inappropriate sport-specific training
39
grade 1 muscle strain
mild tear <5% minimal sweeping, tenderness delay until next day no loss of function 7-21 day recovery
40
grade 3 muscle strain
complete rupture severe swelling and pain complete loss of Strength and function 6 month +
41
grade 2 muscle strain
partial tera 50% significant pain + swelling evident decrease strength + function 2-3 month
42
strain management
rest, ice, avoid massage and stretching, start strengthening, prevent + look for myositis ossifiants, swelling management, pain management
43
what is piriformis syndrome
Irritation of the sciatic nerve that passes under the piriformis muscle
44
cause of piriformis syndrome
Prolonged sitting, stair climbing, repetitive squatting, recent increase in activity, buttock trauma**May also be irritated from a back condition- herniated disc
45
what does the labrum form and its function
The labrum forms a seal around the joint and it increases fluid pressure inside of the joint to improve lubrification of the joint.
46
what does the labrum facilitate
Facilitates the hip's range of motion, allowing the thigh to rotate in every direction, including forward, backward, inward, and externally
47
what does the labrum helps with
Helps preserve proper alignment between the hip’s ball and socket
48
how will the leg is found in anterior hip dislocation
externally rotated (figure 4 position)
49
how will the leg is found in pos dislocation
in internal rotation knee over other knee
50
what cause labral tears
Caused by compressive and shearing forces in the hip
51
which injury is typically and weight bearing injury
labral tears
52
what is type 1 Cabral tear
detachment of labrum
53
what is type 2 labral tear
cleavage tear of labrum
54
moi of labral tear
>5 degree traumatic hip extension
55
which type of labral tear is the detachment of labrum
1
56
which type of labral tear is cleavage tear of labrum
2
57
what is lego-calve-perthes
Avascular necrosis of the capital femoral epiphysisOsteochondrosis condition of the femoral head caused by decreased blood supply
58
average age of leg-calve
4-8 ans up to 12 years boys > girls
59
s/s of legg-calve
gradual onset of limp, mild hip or knee pain (commonly referred to groin region), decrease ROM in hip abd, ext and ER (due to spasm of hip flexors and adductors)
60
what is slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Fracture to the growth plate at the femoral head
61
what is sometimes called adolescent coxa vara
slipped capital femoral epiphysis
62
what are the age of slipped capital femoral
boys 12-15 years
63
what are the predisposition for slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Obese adolescences with underdeveloped sexual characteristics Rapid growing slender boys
64
s/s for slipped capital femoral
limp, with groin pain. Referred pain to anterior thigh or knee.
65
in which hip condition the pain is referred to anterior thigh or knee
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
66
which injury is common during adolescent (11-15 yrs old)
avulsion fracture
67
moi for avulsion fracture
Repetitive microtrauma stress | Rapid forceful contractions
68
structure involve in avulsion fracture
AIIS (rec fem/sartorius) , ischial tuberosity (hamstrings), lesser trochanter (iliopsoas)
69
part that are more prone to stress fracture
Pubic ramus, femoral neck and proximal third of the femur
70
what can induce stress fracture
Extensive jogging, aerobic dance activities | Fatigue
71
increase risk for stress fracture
``` Increase mileage/intensity/frequency Running surfaces Biomechanical abnormalities Nutrition and hormonal factors (females) Health conditions (smoking, hyperthyroidism) ```
72
what is osteitis pubis and its due to what
Inflammation due to continued stress on pubic symphysis Repetitive overload of adductor muscles or repetitive running activities Kicking motion Lateral cutting movement
73
in which hip condition pain may radiate to groin or medial thigh
osteitis pubis
74
which ligament support the pubic symphysis
Superior pubic ligament | Inferior pubic ligament (AKA arcuate ligament)
75
s/s for osteitis pubis
Pain with movements that cause contraction of the muscles that attach to pubic symphysis Pain may radiate to groin or medial thigh
76
reason why kids can have femoroacetabular impingement
Happens when the bone does not form normally during childhood development.
77
which category of kids are more prone to developed femoroacetabular impingement
athletic kids
78
what is pincer
extra bone over acetabulum
79
what is CAM
femoral head is not smooth
80
what does femoraacetabular impingement lead to
join damage and pain
81
what is the angle for coxa normal
140
82
what is another term use to identify tearing of external oblique muscle from iliac cret
hip pointer

cata hip and thigh (1 decks)

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