Hip Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the angle of the femoral head and neck and their implications.

A
  • femoral head is anteverted when compared to greater trochanter
  • femoral neck has about 125 degrees; smaller angle degree increases the moment arm to muscular efforts of abductor muscles
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2
Q

What is the acetabular labrum? What is its function?

A
  • fibrocartilage extension of acetabulum
  • improves bone congruency because covers more of the femoral head
  • reduces compressional stresses by dispersing forces over greater area
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3
Q

Where does the iliofemoral ligament run? And what does it limit? What is it aka and what type of ligament is it?

A
  • runs from AIIS and acetabular rim to intertrochanteric line
  • limits hyperextension and adduction
  • y-ligament:capsular ligament
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4
Q

Where does the pubofemoral ligament run? What does it limit? What type of ligament is it?

A
  • superior pubic ramus to inferior neck of femur
  • limits abduction and hyperextention (b/c axis of rotation is anterior)
  • capsular ligament
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5
Q

Where does the ischiofemoral ligament run? What does it limit? What type of ligament is it?

A
  • ischial acetabular rim (posterior) and run to intertrochanteric line (anterior)
  • limits hyperextension and internal rotation
  • capsular ligament
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6
Q

When all 3 capsular ligaments (ischiofemoral, pubofemoral, and iliofemoral) work together, what happens?

A

-they stabilize the joint by putting it in a close-packed position (compressing bony surfaces)

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7
Q

What are the 2 intrinsic ligaments of the hip? What is their functions?

A
  • ligamentum teres: encapsulates the foveolar artery to protect it as it supplies the head of the femur and acetabulum
  • transverse ligament: barrier to allow artery to enter without the head of the femur compressing the artery
  • -neither support the hip joint!
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8
Q

What is the difference between a female and male pelvis?

A

-female pelvic ring is rounder for giving birth

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9
Q

What ligaments support the sacroiliac joint? What types of ligaments are these? Which ligaments prevent anterior tilt of the sacrum?

A
  • anterior sacroiliac ligaments
  • posterior sacroiliac ligaments: PSIS and auricular margins of sacrum/ilium
  • iliolumbar ligaments: run from L4-L5 transverse process to iliac crest
  • sacrospinous ligament: from anterior sacrum to ischial spine
  • sacrotuberous ligament: from anterior sacrum to ischial tuberosity
  • anterior/posterior sacroiliac are capsular and iliolumbar/sacrospinous/sacrotuberous are extrinsic ligaments
  • sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments
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10
Q

What are the boundaries of the greater sciatic foramina?

A

greater sciatic notch
sacrospinous ligament
sacrotuberous ligament

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11
Q

What are the boundaries of the lesser sciatic foramina?

A

lesser sciatic notch
sacrospinous ligament
sacrotuberous ligament

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12
Q

What structures do you find coming out of the greater sciatic foramina?

A
  • piriformis
  • sciatic nerve
  • superior and inferior gluteal nerve and artery
  • internal pudendal artery
  • pudendal nerve
  • posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
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13
Q

What structures do you find coming out of the lesser sciatic foramina?

A
  • obturator internus
  • internal pudendal artery (going in to the lesser sciatic)
  • pudendal nerve (going in to the lesser sciatic)
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14
Q

Anterior tilt of pelvis results in movement at both hip joints. In the frontal plane, if the left superior aspect of the pelvis drops, what is that called? What is each hip doing in this action? What muscles are the agonists?

A
  • pelvic tilt left
  • ipsilateral (L) hip is abducted and contralateral (R) hip is adducted
  • lateral muscles on L side are shortening and medial muscles on R side are shortening (agonists)
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15
Q

Rotation of pelvis results in movement at both hip joints. In the transverse plane, if the pelvis rotates right, what is each hip doing in this action? What muscles are the agonists?

A
  • R hip/femur is internally rotated and L hip/femur is externally rotated
  • ipsilateral agonists are always the anterior muscles and the contralateral agonsists are always the posterior muscles
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