Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy Lower extremity > hip > Flashcards

hip Flashcards

1
Q

what percent of the head of the femur will articulate with the acetabulum?

A

70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is located deep in the pocket of the hip to help cushion the hip joint and compress forces?

A

fat pad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

why is the iliofemoral ligament y shaped?

A

because it attaches to both the lesser and greater trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what does the iliofemoral ligament resist?

A

extension, internal and external rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what does the pubofemoral ligament resist?

A

abduction and external rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what does the ischiofemoral ligament resist?

A

adduction and internal rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

true or false: none of the ligaments at the hip joint restrict flexion?

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

name the 4 bursa’s at the hip?

A

the trochanteric, iliopsoas, ischiogluteal, gluteofemoral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

which bursa is commonly injured in sports?

A

ischiogluteal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the 3 muscles of the gluteal region?

A

gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the origin of the gluteus maximus?

A

post, gluteal line, dorsal sacrum and coccyx, and sacrotuberus ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the insertion of the gluteus maximus?

A

ITB and gluteal tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the gluteus mamimus?

A

inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1 and S2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the action of the gluteus maximus?

A

extends the hip and does some lateral rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the origin of the gluteus medius?

A

between the anterior and posterior gluteal line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the insertion of the gluteus medius?

A

lateral greater trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the gluteus medius?

A

superior gluteal nerve (L5 and S1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the action of the gluteus medius?

A

abducts and medial rotates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the origin of the gluteus minimus?

A

between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is the insertion of the gluteus minimus?

A

anterior greater trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the gluteus minimus?

A

superior gluteal (L5,S1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the action of the gluteus minimus?

A

abducts and medial rotates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what does the gluteus medius and minimus help stabilize and support?

A

the pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is the origin of the piriformis?

A

anterior surface of the sacrum and the sacrotuberous ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is the insertion of the piriformis?

A

superior greater trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the piriformis?

A

anterior rami of S1 and S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is the action of the piriformis?

A

lateral rotation, abduct the flexed thigh, stability of the FA joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what is the origin of the quadratus femoris?

A

lateral ischial tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what is the insertion of the quadratus femoris?

A

intertrochanteric line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the quadratus femoris?

A

nerve to quadratus femoris (L5 and S1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what is the action of the quadratus femoris?

A

lateral rotation of the thigh and stability of the FA joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

the trochanteric anastomosis provides blood where?

A

to the head of the femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

what is included in the trochanteric anastomosis?

A

the superior gluteal, inferior gluteal, medial femoral circumflex, and lateral femoral circumflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

which part of the lateral femoral circumflex is the most important in the trochanteric anstomosis?

A

the ascending branch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

the cruciate anastomosis is at the level of…?

A

the lesser trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

the cruciate anastomosis includes what?

A

the inferior gluteal, medial femoral circumflex, lateral femoral circumflex, and the first perforating artery of the profundus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

which part of the lateral femoral circumflex is the most important in the cruciate anastomosis?

A

the transverse branch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

where does the descending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex go to form?

A

it goes down to the lateral knee where it forms a circumflex at the knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

what will the femoral artery split into?

A

a femoral artery proper and a deep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

what is the main artery that supplies blood to the fovea of the head of the femur?

A

the acetabulum branch of the obturator artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

what other arteries help supply blood to the head of the femur?

A

the superior, posterior and inferior retinacular arteries and the trochanteric anstomosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

what two major circumflexes come off the deep femoral artery>?

A

the medial and lateral femoral circumflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

explain the femoral artery proper as it travels down the leg?

A

it gives rise to the descending genicular branch and goes into the adductor hiatus where it changes name to the popliteal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

what is descending genicular artery?

A

comes off the femoral artery proper and forms a circumflex at the medial aspect of the knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

what is the importance of the deep femoral artery?

A

gives rise to the medial and lateral femoral circumflex and has branches that will help feed blood to the hamstrings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

where is the saphenous nerrve cutaneous too?

A

the anterior medial aspect of the knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

after the saphenous nerve becomes cutaneous what then does it join?

A

it joins the greater spahenous vein towards the foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

what muscle is the adductor hiatus in?

A

the adductor magnum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

what joint allows for the most ROM in the lower extremity?

A

the knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

what is the hip so stable?

A
  1. ) the concave acetabelum
  2. ) the convex femoral head
  3. ) muscular attachments
  4. ) ligament capsule
  5. ) labrum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

with increase in stability comes what?

A

decrease in range of motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

the acetabulum is lines with what type of cartilage?

A

hyaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

what is the purpose of the labrum in the hip joint?

A

deepens the pocket of the joint and cushions impact forces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

what is going to help grip the head of the femur into the acetabulum?

A

the labrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

what ligament is going to cover the acetabulum notch?

A

the transverse acetabular ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

what is going to come out and attach to the fovea of the head of the femur while protecting the acetabulum branch of the obturator artery?

A

teres femoris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

what are the triceps coxa muscles?

A

the obturator internus, the superior gemellus, and the inferior gemellus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

what landmark are you going to use to help find nervous and vascular structures in the posterior hip?

A

the piriformis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

what nervous and vascular strucutres are you going to find superior to the piriformis?

A

superior gluteal VAN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

what nervous and vascular strucutres are you going to find inferior the hip

A

nerve to obteratur internus, pudendal nerve, internal pudendal artery and vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

what nervous and vascular strucutres are you going to find inferior to the thigh?

A

sciatic nerve, posterior femoral cutaneous, inferior VAN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

which foramen does the sciatic nerve come out of?

A

the greater sciatic foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

under which muscle will the sciatic nerve run under?

A

the piriformis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

what are the common anamolies that have to deal with the sciatic nerve and the piriformis?

A

sometime the sciatic nerve will split superiorly and the common peroneal portion will run through the piriformis or the whole sciatic nerve will run on top of the piriformis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

what are the seven muscles that attach to the greater trochanter?

A

gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, piriformis, superior gemellus, inferior gemellus, obturator internus, obturator externus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

what is the origin of the oburator externus?

A

margins of the obturator foramen and membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

what is the insertion of the obturator externus?

A

trochanteric fossa of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the obturator externus?

A

obturator nerve (L5 and S1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

what is the action of the obturator externus?

A

lateral rotation and stabliize the FA joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

what is the origin of the obturator internus?

A

rim of the obturator foramen and the surface of the obturator membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

what is the insertion of the obturator internus?

A

medial GT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the obturator internus?

A

nerve to obturator internus (L5 and S1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

what is the action of the obturator internus?

A

lateral rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

what is the origin of the superior gemellus?

A

ischial spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

what is the insertion of the superior gemellus?

A

medial GT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the superior gemellus?

A

nerve to the obturator internus (L5 and S1)

77
Q

what is the action of the superior gemellus?

A

lateral rotation, abducts the flexed thigh, stablity of the FA joint

78
Q

what is the origin of the inferior gemellus?

A

ischial tuberosity

79
Q

what is the insertion of the inferior gemellus?

80
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the inderior gemellus?

A

nerve to the quadratus femoris (L5 and S1)

81
Q

what is the action of the inferior gemellus?

A

lateral rotation, abducts the flexed thigh and stablity of the FA joint

82
Q

what is the origin of the pectineus?

A

superior ramus of the pubis

83
Q

what is the insertion of the pectineus?

A

pectineal line

84
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the pectineus?

A

femoral nerve L2 and L3

85
Q

what is the action of the pectineus?

A

flex the thigh, adduction and medial rotation

86
Q

what is the origin of the sartorius?

A

ASIS, inferior notch

87
Q

what is the insertion of the sartorius?

A

supero-medial surface of the tibia

88
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the sartorius?

A

femoral nerve (L2 and L3)

89
Q

what is the action of the sartorius?

A

flex the thigh, abduction, lateral rotation

90
Q

what is the origin of the vastus lateralis?

A

GT and the lateral lip of the linea aspera

91
Q

what is the insertion of the vastus lateralis?

A

quadricep tendon

92
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the vastus lateralis?

A

femoral nerve (L2, L3, and L4)

93
Q

what is the action of the vastus lateralis?

A

extend the leg

94
Q

what is the origin of the vastus intermedius?

A

anterior and lateral shaft of the femur

95
Q

what is the insertion of the vastus intermedius?

A

quadricep tendon

96
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the vastus intermedius?

A

femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

97
Q

what is the action of the vastus intermedius?

A

extend the leg

98
Q

what is the origin of the vastus medialis?

A

intertrochanteric line and medial lip of the linea aspera

99
Q

what is the insertion of the vastus medialis?

A

quadricep tendon

100
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the vastus medialis?

A

femoral nerve (L2, L3 L4)

101
Q

what is the action of the vastus medialis?

A

extend the leg

102
Q

what is the origin of the rectus femoris?

A

ASIS, illium superior to the acetabulum

103
Q

what is the insertion of the rectus femoris?

A

quadricep tendon

104
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the rectus femoris?

A

femoral nerve (L2, L3 L4)

105
Q

what is the action of the rectus femoris?

A

extends the leg and flexes the hip

106
Q

the inguinal ligament connects what two bones?

A

the pelvic bone and the pubic bone

107
Q

what vertebrae does the sacral plexus go from?

108
Q

what are the branches of the sacral plexus that goes down the lower limb?

A

sciatic, superior gluteal, inferior gluteal, nerve to quadratus femoris, nerve to the obturator internus, posterior cutaneous nerve to the thigh, nerve to the piriformis

109
Q

what portion of the sacral plexus stays more close to the pelvic viscera and the perimeum?

A

the pudendal nerve and the pelvic splanchnic

110
Q

what two nerves make up the sciatic nerve?

A

the tibial (more medial) and the common peroneal ( more lateral)

111
Q

what two nerve roots make up the lumbosacral trunk?

112
Q

what are the two cutaneous veins of the lower extremity?

A

greater saphenous vein and the lesser saphenous vein

113
Q

the greater saphenous vein travels with what nerve?

A

saphenous nerve

114
Q

how can the greater saphenous vein be used in a coronary bypass surgury?

A

the vein itself is used as a bypass

115
Q

the greater spahenous vein leads into what larger strucutre?

A

the femoral vein

116
Q

what is the course of the greater saphenous vein?

A

dorsum of the foot, medial lower leg, medial knee, anteromedial thigh, into saphenous opening and leads into the femoral vein

117
Q

what is the course of the small saphenous vein?

A

plantar surface of the foot, between the two heads of the gastrocnemius, into the popliteal fossa and becomes the popliteal vein and then leads into the femoral vein

118
Q

deep venous structures have what type of valves?

A

compasete valves

119
Q

what are compasete valves?

A

they are valves that prevent backflow, which causes blood to go in only one direction

120
Q

the lymphatics of the lateral foot and lateral/posterior leg follow what? drain into what?

A

the small saphenous vein; popliteal lymph nodes

121
Q

the lymphatics of the deep lymph structures follow what? and drain into what?

A

femoral vein; deep inguinal nodes

122
Q

what is the fascia lata?

A

its a tight piece of fascia that helps draw blood back to the core and helps fight against gravity

123
Q

what two muscles help keep the IT band taut?

A

the gluteus maximus and the tensor fascia lata

124
Q

the femoral triangle is bordered by what?

A

inguinal ligament, sartorius, and adductor longus

125
Q

what two lucunae are found in the femoral triangle?

A

the muscular lucunae and vascular lucunae

126
Q

what structures are found in the muscular lucunae?

A

the femoral nerve and the iliopsoas

127
Q

what structures are found in the vascular lucunae

A

femoral artery, femoral vein, and femoral ring/canal

128
Q

what is the femoral ring/canal

A

it is the opening that leads into the canal that opens in the spahenous opening it contains a bunch of lymph nodes

129
Q

what are the contents of the femoral triangle?

A

femoral nerve, artery, and vein, spahenous nerve, and lymph nodes

130
Q

the femoral sheath is a continuation of what fascia?

A

transversalis

131
Q

what are the compartments of the femoral sheath?

A

medial - lymph nodes
intermediate - femoral vein
lateral -femoral artery

132
Q

what are the borders of the femoral canal/ring?

A

anterior - inguinal ligament
posterior - superior ramus of pubis
medial - lucunar ligament
lateral - femroal vein

133
Q

what is the femoral hernia?

A

it occurs below and lateral to the pubic tuburcle where the guts enter into the femoral ring

134
Q

the femoral nerve sits on top of what muscle?

135
Q

the superior gluteal arteries supply what muscles

A

glute max, med, min and TFL

136
Q

the inferior gluteal artery supplies what muscles?

A

glute max, obturator internus, quadratus femoris, superior HS

137
Q

what muscle is the only muscle that gets blood feed from both the superior and inferior gluteal artery?

A

gluteus maximus

138
Q

explain the osteology of the pelvis?

A

a sacrum, coccyx, and 2 os coxa

139
Q

what 3 structures make up an os coxa?

A

ilium, ischium, pubis

140
Q

the ramus of the ischium and the ramus of the pubis fuse together at what age?

141
Q

what is the origin of psoas major?

A

sides of T12-L5 and transverse process of lumbar vertebrae

142
Q

what is the insertion of psoas major?

A

lesser trochanter of femur

143
Q

what is the nerve innervation of psoas major?

A

anterior rami of L1, L2, L3

144
Q

what is the action of the psoas major?

A

hip flexion and functional stability

145
Q

what is the origin of the psoas minor?

A

sides of t12-L1

146
Q

what is the insertion of the psoas minor?

A

pectineal line and iliopectineal arch

147
Q

what is the nerve innervation of psoas minor?

A

anterior rami of L1 and L2

148
Q

what is the action of the psoas minor?

A

hip flexion and functional stability

149
Q

what is the origin of the iliacus?

A

iliac crest, fossa, ala of sacrum, and anterior SI lig

150
Q

what is the insertion of the iliaucs?

A

tendon of the psoas major and LT

151
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the iliacus?

A

femoral nerve (L2 and L3)

152
Q

what is the action of the iliacus?

A

hip flexion and functional stability

153
Q

what is the origin of teh TFL?

A

ASIS and anterior iliac crest

154
Q

what is the insertion of the TFL?

A

lateral condyle via ITB

155
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the TFL?

A

superior gluteal nerve (L5 and S1)

156
Q

what is the action of the TFL?

A

medial rotation, abduction and pelvic stability

157
Q

what is the origin of the adductor brevis?

A

body of the pubis inferior to crest

158
Q

what is the insertion of the adductor brevis?

A

pectineal line and proximal linea aspera

159
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the adductor brevis?

A

obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)

160
Q

what is the action of the adductor brevis?

A

adduction and aids in hip flexion

161
Q

what is the origin of gracilis?

A

body and inferior ramus of pubis

162
Q

what is the insertion of gracilis?

A

superior portion of medial tibia

163
Q

what is the nerve innervation of gracilis?

A

obturator nerve (L2 and L3)

164
Q

what is the action of gracilis?

A

adduction, medial rotation, flexion of thigh

165
Q

what is the origin of adductor longus?

A

inferior body of pubis

166
Q

what is the insertion of adductor longus?

A

middle 1/3 of linea aspera

167
Q

what is the nerve innervation of adductor longus?

A

obturator nerve (L2,L3,L4)

168
Q

what is the action of adductor longus?

169
Q

what is the origin of semimembranosus?

A

ischial tuberosity

170
Q

what is the insertion of semimembranosus?

A

posterior medial condyle of the tibia

171
Q

what is the nerve innervation of semimembranosus?

A

tibial nerve (L5,S1,S2)

172
Q

what is the action of the semimembranosus?

A

extend the hip and flex the knee

173
Q

what is the origin of semitendonosus?

A

ischial tuberosity

174
Q

what is the insertion of the semitendonosus?

A

superomedial tibia

175
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the semitendonosus?

A

tibial nerve (L5,S1,S2)

176
Q

what is the action of the semitendonosus?

A

extend the hip and flex the knee

177
Q

what is the origin of the biceps femoris (long head)

A

ischial tuberosity

178
Q

what is the insertion of the biceps femoris (Long head)

A

lateral side of the fibular head

179
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the biceps femoris (long head)

A

tibial nerve (L5, S1, S2)

180
Q

what is the action of the biceps femoris (long head)

A

extend the hip and flex the knee

181
Q

what is the origin of the adductor magnus (hamstring)

A

ischial tuberosity

182
Q

what is the insertion of the adductor magnus (hamstring)

A

adductor tuburcle

183
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the adductor magnus (hamstring)?

A

tibial nerve (l4)

184
Q

what is the action of the adductor magnus (hamstring)

A

extend the thigh

185
Q

what is the origin of the adductor magnus (add)

A

inferior ramus of the pubis, ramus of the ishcium

186
Q

what is the insertion of the adducotr magnus (add)

A

gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, supracondylar line

187
Q

what is the nerve innervation of the adductor magnus(add)

A

obturator nerve (l2, l3, l4)

188
Q

what is the action of the adductor magnus (add)

A

flex the thigh

Anatomy Lower extremity (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions