Hip

Question 1

What is the key function of the hip?

Answer 1

To provide dynamic support to the body and trunk while facilitating force and load transmission through the lower extremities, allowing for mobility.

Question 2

What are the two key elements which ensure hip stability?

Answer 2

1. The shape of the acetabulum and its depth allow it to encompass almost the entire head of the femur.
2. The acetabular labrum, a fibrocartilaginous collar, surround the acetabulum and helps transmit load, maintain negative pressure and regulate synovial fluid.

Question 3

Which movements are possible at the hip joint?

Answer 3

• Flexion
• Extension
• Abduction
• Adduction
• Medial rotation
• Lateral rotation

Question 4

What type of joint is the hip?

Answer 4

A synovial ball and socket joint

Question 5

Where does the hip capsule sit?

Answer 5

It covers the whole acetabular rim and extends down to the intertrochanteric line.

Question 6

What is the key articulation at the hip joint?

Answer 6

The convex femoral head articulates with the lunate concave surface of the acetabulum. Both bones are coated with hyaline cartilage.

Question 7

Which elements of the hip joint can be palpated?

Answer 7

• ASIS
• AIIS
• PSIS
• Iliac crest
• Ischial tuberosity
• Pubis
• Greater trochanter
• Adductor tubercle

Question 8

Which part of the femoral head is not covered with hyaline cartilage and why?

Answer 8

The fovea capitis. This is the site of attachment for ligamentum teres.

Question 9

What is the difference between the anatomical neck and surgical neck of the femur?

Answer 9

The anatomical neck is the connection between the femoral head and the shaft. The surgical neck sits inferiorly and is used to allow removal and replacement of the femoral head and section of the bone below.

Question 10

What is the acetabulum?

Answer 10

It is a concave bone structure formed at the point where the ilium, ischium and pubis bones merge.