Hip Flashcards
The sacrotuberous ligament directly integrates with what muscles
glute max, biceps femoris, lumbar extensors
The only muscle that directly attaches to the sacroiliac joint
piriformis
Which nerve can cause very unpredictable patterns in the hip area
Sciatic
Most common area of hip joint pain
What needs to be considered in regards to pain
Where can pain be referred to from the hip
anterior groin / inguinal line
lumbar spine, SIJ, pelvic floor/ring, abdomen, pregnancy
lumbar spine, knee, pelvic floor
The pain provocation tests are
distraction, compression, FABER, thigh thrust
Hip extensors
Flexors
Adductors
Abductors
ER
IR
glut max, hamstring, adductor magnus, post glut med, piriformis
ilipsoas, rec fem, sartorius
adductor group
glut med, min, tfl
glut max, sartiorius, quad femoris
TFL, glut med, min
Tight hip flexors cause
anterior tilt of pelvis and lordosis of the spine
NOT all lateral hip pain is
trochanteric bursitis
Characteristics of greater trochanteric bursitis
Pain
Discomfort areas and movements
- deep palpation immediately above or just posterior to greater tro
- discomfort with abduction and lat rot, but NOT med rot
discomfort in resisted ER
Characteristics of gluteal tendinopathy
Pain
Discomfort areas
what is it
- back pain
- local tendon and muscle pain
may spread down thigh like nerve pain - tendon disorder in hips and glutes, causing tendon to deteriorate most common in older woman
Hip capsular pattern
Limited IR and flexion> Limited ABD
femoral anteversion vs retroversion
A: inward twisting of the femoral bone (pigeon toed)
R: outward twisting of the femoral bone
Most common sites of avulsion (tearing) injuries
iliac crest
iliac spine
ischium apophysis
lesser trochanter
Anterior dislocation of the hip is found in which movement
Posterior?
ER, Flex, ABD
IR, Flex, ADD
Characteristics of acetabular labral tears
Pain
Catching pain in ANT hip/groin
Pain pivoting from or arising from chair
Characteristics of FAI (femoral acetabular impingement)
Pain
Type of lesion
What is it
Stiff and painful hip
can lead to labral tear
surgery is often the best route
Cam and Pincer lesion
( Cam: resulting from a bony growth at the head of the femur
Pincer: resulting from extra growth in the hip socket
Often happens during childhood development
Combined: cam and pincer are present )
motion- related disorder with symptoms between proximal femur and acetabulum
What test begins in hip flexion, abd, and ER and moves passively into extension, adduction and IR
Anterior labral test
What test begins in hip flexion add and IR and ends in hip extension, abd, and ER
Posterior labral test
Characteristics of labral pathology (5)
test
what is painful
where is painful
what movements are difficult
Scour test is done
IR at 90 degrees of flexion
single leg deep bend is difficult
C sign for hip
-deep discomfort that is mostly anterior groin region and sometimes butt pain
Characteristics of FAI (6)
what test is done
what/where is painful
what movements are difficult
combined flex,add,IR
fabers test is done
decreased abd ROM
groin pain with flexion
pain with prolonged sitting
it is hard to get in and out of the car
Mechanisms of injury for a stress fracture (4)
Signs/Symptoms (3)
General indications of injury
female gender
amenorrhea
smoking
steroid use
pain in the hip,groin,thigh
pain can refer to the knee
DO NOT IGNORE GROIN PAIN IN A RUNNER
previous injury, muscle imbalance (check both sides for normalcy)
Meralgia Paresthetica is?
common causes? (3)
Pain or irritating sensation felt over the anterolateral aspect of the thigh due to injury, compression, or disease of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
tight clothing, obesity, pregnancy
Common sites of bursitis
iliopsoas, greater trochanteric, ischogluteal, obturator internus
contusion is?
it is usually a result of?
bruise; place where blood capillaries have been ruptured
usually a result of direct trauma
Condition where bone tissue forms within a muscle
cause
complications
myositis ossificans
history of direct blow or trauma
decreased ROM
Snapping or clicking hip cases include (4)
hip joint (intra-articular)
hip joint (extra-articular)
pubis
sacral iliac joint dysfunction
Characteristics of hip impingement syndrome for anteromedial impingement vs anterolateral impingement (3 for both)
AM:
groin pain with hip flexion
posterior hip during weight bearing
tight TFL
AL:
pain with weight bearing
ER of LE in stance
short ERs and hamstrings
Characteristics of hip impingement syndrome for proximal impingement (4)
-pain percieved as deep, lateral to TFL, or proximal inner thigh
-discomfort or stiffness in AM
-worsens with activity
-short iliopsoas, rec fem, and TFL
Pronation of the foot includes what 3 movements
Supination
P: calcaneal eversion, abduction, and dorsiflexion (ankle is leaning inward)
S: inversion, adduction, plantar flexion (ankle is leaning outward)
The purposes of the body needing to PRONATE in order to SUPINATE (3)
Pronation is the collapsing of the chain as a result of?
What is the key to LE rehab?
-absorb shock in order to propel
-load in order to unload
-react in order to effectively act
-gravity
-ground reaction
-momentum
-controlling pronation!!!!!!!
(this avoids deceleration injuries)
Pronation vs supination at the knee and hip (3 movements for both)
Pronation of knee: flex, abd, IR
Supination of knee: ext, add, ER
Pronation of hip: flex, add, IR
Supination of hip: ext, abd, ER
Pronation succumbs to ______ is dominated by _______ and has _______
Supination overcomes _____ is dominated by ______ and has _______
- succumbs to gravity, dominated by deceleration (eccentric) muscle function, shock absorption
-overcomes gravity, is dominated by acceleration (concentric) muscle function, propulsion
Friends of the quads? (3)
Factors that can increase Q angle? (4)
soleus, butt muscles, abdominals
-pronation too long into the gait cycle
-excessive LE pronation
decreased hip ER strength
-decreased hip extension strength
For a simple squat what flexes the knee and what flexes the hip?
During function, every muscle works together to? (2)
What 2 muscles control knee and hip flexion to control pronation?
Gravity
-control the forces of gravity
-decelerate pronation
-quad (at the knee) and hamstring (at the hip)
