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PT EVAL FINALS > Hip > Flashcards

Hip Flashcards

1
Q

Most significant and most stable joint

A

Hip Joint

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2
Q

Why the hip joint has the maximum stability.

A

It is because of the insertion of the femoral head into the acetabulum.

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3
Q

The most mobile joint.

A

Shoulder Joint

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4
Q

True or False: Femur has a longer neck than the humerus and more antverted.

A

True

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5
Q

How many degrees of freedom does the Hip joint have?

A

3 DOF: Sagittal, Transverse, Frontal Plane

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6
Q

This structure helps deepen and stabilize the joint.

A

Acetabular Labrum

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7
Q

The acetabular labrum is formed by your?

A

Ischium, Ilium, Pubis

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8
Q

Your Ischium, Ilium, and Pubis are also called?

A

Innominate Bones

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8
Q

This enhances the nutrition of the hip cartilage and provides a smooth, gliding surface.

A

Acetabular Labrum

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9
Q

The acetabular labrum plays a secondary role in stabilizing the hip during ________.

A

Hip Lateral Rotation and Anterior Translation

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10
Q

OPP for Hip Joint

A

30 Hip Flexion, 30 Hip Abduction, Slight ER

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11
Q

CPP for Hip Joint

A

Full extension, medial rotation and abduction.

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12
Q

CP for Hip Joint

A

Hip Flexion, Abduction, and Medial Rotation
Some cases, IR>F>Abd

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13
Q

Forces on the Hip: Standing

A

0.3 times the body weight

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14
Q

Forces on the Hip: Standing on one limb

A

2.4-2.6 times the body weight

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15
Q

Forces on the Hip: Walking

A

1.3-5.8 times the body weight

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16
Q

Forces on the Hip: Walking upstairs

A

3 times the body weight

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17
Q

Forces on the Hip: Running

A

4.5+ times the body weight

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18
Q

Anterior Ligament/s of the Hip Joint

A

Iliofemoral Ligament

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19
Q

Another term for Iliofemoral Ligament

A

Y Ligament or Ligament of Bigelow

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20
Q

The strongest ligament in the body

A

Iliofemoral Ligament

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21
Q

This structure is positioned to prevent excessive extension and limits anterior translation. It plays a significant role in stabilizing and maintaining an upright posture of the hip.

A

Iliofemoral Ligament

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22
Q

This ligament is the weakest ligament of the hip. Stabilize the hip during extension.

A

Ischiofemoral Ligament

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23
Q

Prevents excessive abduction of the femur and limits extension

A

Pubofemoral Ligament

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24
Q

Prevents excessive Internal Rotation of the Hip.

A

Iliofemoral, Ischiofemoral, Pubofemoral Ligament

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25
Q

Provides a physical attachment of the head of the femur to the acetabulum. From the foveal head, it sticks to the labrum.

A

Ligamentum Teres

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26
Q

Bursa of the Hip Joint

A

Trochanteric Bursa
Iliopsoas Bursa
Gluteus Medius Bursa
Ischiogluteal Bursa

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27
Q

The normal degrees of angle of Wiberg/Central Edge Angle

A

20-30 degrees

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28
Q

The acetabulum covers the top of the femoral head. This is measured as the intersection of a vertical, fixed reference line (stippled line) with the acetabular reference line (bold solid line) that connects the upper lateral edge of the acetabulum with the center of the femoral head.

A

Center Edge Angle/ Angle of Wiberg

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29
Q

Implication for the Center Edge Angle/Angle of Wiberg

A

The more vertical the acetabular reference line, the smaller the CEA. (means less superior coverage of the femoral head)

30
Q

This measurement indicates the extent to which the front to which the acetabulum covers the front of the femoral head.

A

Acetabular Anteversion Angle

31
Q

This measurement defines how much the acetabulum covers the top of the femoral head.

A

Angle of Wiberg/ Center Edge Angle

32
Q

Acetabular Anteversion Angle is formed by _____.

A

The intersection of a fixed anterior-posterior reference line with an acetabular reference line that connects the anterior and posterior rim of the acetabulum.

33
Q

The Implication of Acetabular Anteversion Angle

A

Inversely Proportional: Larger acetabular anteversion angle means less acetabular containment of the anterior side of the femoral head.

34
Q

Femoral Anteversion/Femoral Torsion is formed by?

A

*Axis of femoral condyles at the knee
*Axis of the femoral head

35
Q

Normal Angle for femoral anteversion

A

8-15 degrees

36
Q

If the femoral anteversion has a less 8 degrees angle, it means?

A

lateral femoral torsion (retroversion)

37
Q

If the femoral anteversion has a less 15 degrees angle, it means?

A

medial femoral torsion (anteversion)

38
Q

Average degrees of the Angle of Inclination/Neck-shaft Angle

A

125 degrees

39
Q

If increased Neck-Shaft Angle, what will happen?

A

Coxa Valga

40
Q

If decreased Neck-Shaft Angle, what will happen?

A

Coxa Vara

41
Q

Some causes of coxa vara

A
  1. Congenital
  2. Fracture
  3. Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
42
Q

Draw lumbar and sacral plexus

A

Oki

43
Q

Condition of the patient when infancy, primarily in girls

A

Congenital Hip Dysplasia

44
Q

Condition of the patient 3-12 years old, more common in boys

A

Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease

45
Q

The condition of the patient for elderly women is more prone.

A

Osteoporotic Femoral Neck Fracture

46
Q

This condition of the patient is after the onset of puberty:
Boys, 12-16
Girls, 10-14

A

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis

47
Q

Land on the outside of the hip

A

Trochanteric Bursitis

48
Q

Land on or hit the knee, thus jarring the hip.

A

Subluxation, Acetabular Tear

49
Q

Is the patient involved in repetitive loading activity?

A

Femora Stress Fracture or Osteoporotic Insufficiency Injury

50
Q

Felt mainly in the groin and along the front of the medial side of the thigh to the knee

A

Hip intra-articular pain

51
Q

Posterior labral tears and lumbar spine problems?

A

Buttocks Pain

52
Q

Result of overactive adductors caused by pelvic instability

A

Adductor Pain

53
Q

The sciatic nerve may be compressed, the piriformis muscle is tender, and hip abduction and lateral rotation are weak. What condition is this?

A

Piriformis Syndrome

54
Q

It is important to check the patient’s proprioceptive control in the joints being assessed.

A

Balance

55
Q

Watch for pelvic obliquity can be caused by unequal leg length, muscle contractures, or scoliosis.

A

Posture

56
Q

The limb is shortened, adducted, and medially rotated, and the greater trochanter is prominent.

A

Traumatic Hip Dislocation

57
Q

The limb is abducted and laterally rotated and may appear cyanotic or swollen owing to pressure in the femoral triangle.

A

Anterior Hip Dislocation

58
Q

Limb is shortened and laterally rotated.

A

Intertrochanteric Fracture

59
Q

Normal Values for Hip Flexion

A

0-120 degrees

60
Q

Normal Values for Hip Extension

A

120-0 degrees

61
Q

Normal Values for Hyper Hip Extension

A

0-20 degrees

62
Q

Normal Values for Hip Abduction

A

0-45 degrees

63
Q

Normal Values for Hip Adduction

A

0-30 degrees

64
Q

Normal Values for Hip IR

A

0-45 degrees

65
Q

Normal Values for Hip ER

A

0-45 degrees

66
Q

How to tell if the goniometer is aligned/straight?

A

Use bony landmarks as a reference
1. Flexion & Extension- Lateral Epicondyle
2. Abduction & Adduction- Patella
3. IR & ER- Tibial Crest

67
Q

Goniometer for Hip Flexion

A

Fulcrum: Femoral Greater Trochanter
Stationary Arm: Parallel to the trunk
Distal Arm: Parallel with the longitudinal axis of the femur in line with the lateral femoral condyle

68
Q

Goniometer for Hip Extension

A

Fulcrum: Femoral Greater Trochanter
Stationary Arm: Parallel to the trunk
Distal Arm: Parallel with the longitudinal axis of the femur in line with the lateral femoral condyle

69
Q

Goniometer for Hip Abduction

A

Fulcrum: ASIS on the measured side
Stationary Arm: Directed to opposite ASIS
Distal Arm: Parallel to the femur, directed to the center of the patella

70
Q

Goniometer for Hip Adduction

A

Fulcrum: ASIS on the measured side
Stationary Arm: Directed to opposite ASIS
Distal Arm: Parallel to the femur, directed to the center of the patella

71
Q

Goniometer for Hip IR

A

Fulcrum: Anterior surface of Mid Patella
Stationary Arm: Perpendicular to the Floor
Distal Arm: Parallel to the midline of long axis of the tibia

72
Q

Goniometer for Hip ER

A

Fulcrum: Anterior surface of Mid Patella
Stationary Arm: Perpendicular to the Floor
Distal Arm: Parallel to the midline of long axis of the tibia

PT EVAL FINALS (4 decks)

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