Hinduism: Ethical Concerns Flashcards
1
Q
What are Hindu views on women’s rights?
A
- It is commonly thought men and women are equal, as everyone is just a body around the Atman
- However, women have different dharmas - they are supposed to look after the household and children, while men are the breadwinners and protectors
- Historically women have been treated as servants, but this attitude is rapidly changing - Gandhi is largely responsible for this
- Most religious figures are male, but there are some very famous and important females, e.g. Amma - the hugging saint.
- Religious leaders can be male or female, but women cannot lead any Vedic ceremony or sacrifice
- The Devi Sukta declares female energy as the essence of the universe
2
Q
What are Hindu views on social inclusion?
A
- Traditionally, the caste system was very important
- It was abolished in 1949 largely due to Mohandas K. Gandhi
- However, it is still upheld by some Hindus, especially in rural areas
- Many Hindu leaders have campaigned against it
3
Q
What are Hindu views on social responsibility?
A
- Traditionally, Hindus did not give to charity as they believed poor people were poor as a result of bad karma
- However, the newer teachings of Dana (giving) and Daya (compassion) mean many Hindus now give to charity
- Many Hindus volunteer as part of Sewa (selfless service)
4
Q
What are Hindu views on the treatment of animals?
A
- Hindus believe that all living beings contain Brahman
- This means Ahimsa applies to animals
- For this reason, many Hindus are vegetarians
- In the Mahabharata, Lord Krishna says “Humans should take from this planet only that which is necessary for our survival”
- Humans can survive without meat, so they shouldn’t kill animals for it
- However, there is also the argument that killing animals doesn’t matter, as it is just their body and their Atman lives on
5
Q
What are Hindu views on the treatment of the environment?
A
- Hindus believe Brahman is also present in plants
- In the Mahabharata, Lord Krishna chastises his cousin for carelessly chopping down a tree for no reason
- Some specific plants are sacred to Hindus, e.g. the Peepal Tree. It was under this tree that Buddha sat and gained enlightenment.
- The Banyan tree is the third most sacred to Hindus as it is said to be the house of Lord Krishna
- Mahabharata: “If there is but one tree of flowers and fruit within a village, that place is worthy of your respect.”
6
Q
What were the Assissi Declarations on Nature?
A
- The five major religions met to discuss what they could do for the environment
- The Hindus stated that we are part of and linked to nature, and have a regard for it through Ahimsa
7
Q
Why do Hindus see cows as sacred?
A
- Religious texts state that killing a quadruped is as bad as killing a human being, even a Brahmin
- Ahimsa (non-violence) also applies to animals
- Cows also embody Ahimsa perfectly, as they are peaceful, tolerant, and only take what they need from the environment
- They represent all other creatures; according to the National Hindu Students’ Forum, “the cow represents life and the sustenance of life”
- The cow is seen as the mother - a man is supposed to take care of his mother
- Ghee, used for fire worship, comes from cows
8
Q
What is the Ahimsa Foundation for Cattle Protection?
A
- An non-profit organisation that ensures goshallas are of a suitable standard to protect cows
- Goshallas are shelters for cows
9
Q
What is Sewa International?
A
- A non-profit organisation that aims to promote voluntarism, especially among children, youth, women, and senior citizens
- They also help in the event of a disaster
