Hinduism & Buddhism

Question 1

Upanishads

Answer 1

each of a series of Hindu sacred treatises written in Sanskrit c. 800–200 BC, expounding the Vedas in predominantly mystical and monistic terms.

Question 2

Moksha

Answer 2

moksha—a state of perfect understanding

Question 3

Reincarnation

Answer 3

people reborn to new lives

• A soul’s good and bad deeds,

Question 4

Karma

Answer 4

determines the course of new life

Question 5

Brahman

Answer 5

atman—soul united with all others in Brahman

Question 6

Jainism

Answer 6

a new religion arises in the 500s B.C.

Question 7

Siddhartha Gautama

Answer 7

wants to learn about the world

Question 8

Enlightenment

Answer 8

(wisdom), how to escape

human suffering

Question 9

Nirvana

Answer 9

• a perfect state of understanding
• a release from selfishness and pain
• a break from the chain of reincarnations,
  rebirths

Question 10

Jatakas

Answer 10

any of the various stories of the former lives of the Buddha found in Buddhist literature.

Question 11

The connection between Buddhism and Trade

Answer 11

the reliance of the Buddhist monastic community on donations from lay supporters. … The earliest donors and some of the most important patrons of the Buddha and his followers were caravan merchants and wealthy bankers.