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PRE revision cards > Hinduism: Beliefs vocab > Flashcards

Hinduism: Beliefs vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Indus civilisation

A

The first civilisations based along the Indus River.

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2
Q

River Ganges

A

Were the Indus Civilisation migrated too.

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3
Q

Shruti texts

A

Texts that are the unquestionable truth.

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4
Q

Smriti text

A

Texts that are less important —> poems/stories etc.

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5
Q

Brahman

A

Hindu term for God.

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6
Q

Aum symbol

A

Represents God throughout everything used in meditation.

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7
Q

Monotheism

A

Belief in one God.

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8
Q

Nirguna-Brahman

A

Give without Form.

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9
Q

Saguna-Brahman

A

God with Form.

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10
Q

Deities

A

The manifestation of Brahman.

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11
Q

Bhagavan

A

God without does -> in spirit world.

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12
Q

Antaryami

A

God within

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13
Q

Ganesha

A

Elephant head - chopped off + found baby elephant. Nicked his head. (Poor dumbo)

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14
Q

Hanuman

A

Monkey God

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15
Q

Parvati

A

Reincarnation of sati, perfect motherhood. Consort of shiva.

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16
Q

Saraswati

A

Consort of Brahma, Goddess of learning.

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17
Q

Lakshmi

A

Worshipped at Diwali. Representative of prosperity and beauty.

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18
Q

The Trimurti

A

3 most important manifestations of God. Shiva, Vishnu, Brahma.

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19
Q

Brahma

A

Created everything on the world.

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20
Q

Shiva

A

Watches over + rules creation + destruction.

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21
Q

Maya

A

Illusion/distraction from God.

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22
Q

Ascetic

A

Particularly dedicated Hindu - No posessions.

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23
Q

Shaivism

A

People dedicated to shiva.

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24
Q

Vishnu

A

Deity with 10 avators

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25
Q

Vaishnavism

A

Hindus specifically dedicated to Vishnu.

26
Q

Avatar

A

One of the forms Vishnu takes to restore balance between Dharma (virtue/good) and Adharma (evil)

27
Q

Rama

A

Avatar who saved Sita from The ten headed demon ravana.

28
Q

Ramayana

A

The book in which the story of Rama + sita is

29
Q

Sita

A

The princess (wife of Rama) who was kidnapped by Ravanna.

30
Q

Krishna

A

One of the best known avatars of Vishnu. Known for making peace in the kurukshetra war and teaching about ahimsa.

31
Q

The kurukshetra war

A

A war between two nations which was ended by Krishna’s interference. Krishna taught soldiers from both sides about dharma and living honourable lives, which caused the fighting to be called off.

32
Q

The 4 aims of life

A

Dharma, Artha, Kama, Moksha

33
Q

Artha

A

Earning a lawful living through honest means. For many Hindus, this also means using their wealth to help others.

34
Q

Kama

A

Enjoying life responsibility and having a positive outlook.

35
Q

Moksha

A

The soul joining with Brahman after death. Hindus believe that souls are reincarnated and live many lives. The ultimate aim is for the cycle to end and the soul to be released back to God - Brahman

36
Q

Dharma

A

Virtue -> good virtue

37
Q

Sanatana Dharma

A

6 personal virtues, sustaining -> apply to everyone

38
Q

Varnashrama dharma

A

Responsibility depending on age, status, job etc…

39
Q

Varna

A

The duties that a Hindu should follow at different stages of their life.

40
Q

Free will

A

The idea that everybody is in control of their own decisions and so it is up to them to do good things so they can end up achieving Moksha.

41
Q

The 6 personal virtues

A

Ahimsa, Love, humility, control, empathy, respect

42
Q

Ahimsa

A

Non harm to all living things. Eg. Live peaceful, perhaps vegetarian.

43
Q

Atman

A

Eternal soul

44
Q

Transmigration.

A

Movement of atman from one body to the next.

45
Q

Samsara cycle

A

Continuous cycle of birth > life > death that the Atman goes through

46
Q

The law of karma

A

Good actions = good consequences
Bad actions = bad consequences

47
Q

Reincarnation/rebirth

A

Atman taking on a physical body

48
Q

Punya

A

Merit

49
Q

Papa

A

Sin

50
Q

Prakriti

A

Physical matter

51
Q

Purusa

A

Spirit

52
Q

Jiva

A

Only concerned with bodily needs and appetites

53
Q

Maya

A

Evil illusions

54
Q

Cosmology

A

Ideas and beliefs about the universe

55
Q

The cycle of 4 ages

A

Hindus believe that the universe has 4 cycles, once all 4 are completed, it starts again.

56
Q

Yuga

A

‘Era’

57
Q

Golden yuga

A

Original age

58
Q

Silver yuga

A

Second age, people start dying

59
Q

Copper yuga

A

War and battle

60
Q

Iron yuga

A

Industrialism + everything wrong with the world.

61
Q

Kalki

A

Avatar of Vishnu who appears at the end of the cycle of 4 ages to destroy and recreate the universe

62
Q

Tri-guna

A

3 stages that all matter goes through- creation, maintenance and destruction.

PRE revision cards (3 decks)

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