Hinduism and Buddhism Flashcards
Where was Hinduism found?
India
Whom did it begin ?
No individual founders, unique compared to the other major five religion that there is no one founder.
Sanatana Dharma
Eternal way, seeking the meaning of life is the eternal way; wherever they are seeking the meaning of life.
Ethical code of living life in order to achieve Moksha
What are the THREE basic views of the Ultimate Reality ?
- Cyclical - circle of existence, there is creation, expansion, contraction, destruction, and repeat; only thing that is eternal, no god who starts,ends, or keeps going, it will never end, basic atheistic view
- Philosophical - energy of the cycle or universe is called BRAHMAN, everything in the universe is energy; energy takes many forms, energy cannot be created or destroyed; Brahman is impersonal power energy force
- Personal -Brahman is the personal distinction, “god”
What are the Vedas ?
Scriptures of Hinduism
What is Upanishads ?
Philosophical material of the Vedas, life and reality in this philosophical perspective, everything is real or eternal is this energy or Brahman
What is Atman ?
The souls (Jiva = soul) special energy that is us, our very own essence, eternal soul of the individual
Brahma
Creator, “god”, creates the universe, sets things in motion, not widely worshiped in India
Vishnu
Preserver, when things go wrong he will incarnate himself and save the world; not always human being, sometimes an animal
Avatar
Used to describe Vishnu in his incarnated form
- Buddha
- Rama - ideal husband
- Krishna - popular god in US
Shiva
Destroyer “god”; helps us destroy our evil thoughts and actions; destroy illusions that we think are eternal
Kali
Feminine forces embodied, worshiped as a primary “god”; embodies the essence of Brahman, not an avatar
Shakti
The female power force takes many forms (Kali is one); best way to understand the energy of the universe as female goddess
Ganesh
Elephant headed “god” son of Shiva and Provita; “god” of lost causes, overcomes obstacles
What is the Law of Karma ?
What goes around comes around, law of cause and effect, moral law of the universe, live in a moral, ethical universe, good bring good, bad bring bad,humans have the option of Karma
What is Samsara ?
Basic human life cycle (reincarnation); guided by the law of Karma
World Affirming View
Do we live this life to live a better rebirth
What are three basic things we can have in life to have a better rebirth ?
- Kama - pleasure in this goal in life; discover life and live to its fullest; enjoy life
- Artha - wealth/success, as long as you gain power, wealth and success without trampling on other people; if earned in destructive way then there are consequences
All gods are a manifestation of ?
Brahman
Doctrine of Eternal Sould
Soul has always existed and always will because in Brahman
Who is Siddhartha Gautama ?
The Buddha
Siddhartha witnessed four sights. What were they ?
- Old man
- Sick man
- Corpse
- A monk
The Middle Way
The middle between both extremes of life; ascetic life and lavish life; a way of meditation, being kind to others
Bodh Gaya
A religious site and place of pilgrimage associated with the Mahabodhi - Temple complex in Gaya district
What are the FOUR Noble Truths?
- Life suffering - Dukkha, every person is suffering; people not satisfied with their life
* doctrine of Anicca - impermanence, noting permanent to hold on to, changing never stay the same - Tanha - cause of suffering is desires
- End suffering by ending desires
- Ending desires by following the Eightfold Path
Ahimsa
Do no harm to any living thing
When was Buddhism founded ?
Started in the 6th century
Where did Buddhism begin?
India
What are some difference between Hinduism and Buddhism?
- Buddha rejected the idea of any eternal god or gods
- rejected Vedas
- rejected the caste system
- rejected Atman/Jiva
What are the three elements of the Eightfold Path
- Wisdom
- Morality-behavior
- Concentration
Bhikku
Ordained male monastic
Sangha
The Buddhist community of monks, novices, and laity
The three refugees
In Tibetan Buddhism there are three refuge formulations, the outer layer, and secret forms of the three jewels
- take refuge in the Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha
Theravada
Older form of Buddhism tradition upholds the monastic path paths and adheres the oldest surging record sayings of the Buddha; recognizes the primacy and humanity of the historical Buddha. Buddha was an exemplary figure; believed he was a man not “god”
Mahayana
Philosophical movement that proclaimed the possibility of universal salvation;
Goal was to open Buddhahood to all sentiment beings
Bodhistattavas
Helping others end suffering; helping them gain Nirvana; compassion for suffering individuals
Theravada
Older form of Buddhism tradition upholds the monastic path paths and adheres the oldest surging record sayings of the Buddha; recognizes the primacy and humanity of the historical Buddha. Buddha was an exemplary figure; believed he was a man not “god”
Mahayana
Philosophical movement that proclaimed the possibility of universal salvation;
Goal was to open Buddhahood to all sentiment beings
Bodhistattavas
Helping others end suffering; helping them gain Nirvana; compassion for suffering individuals
