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Hinduism > Hinduism > Flashcards

Hinduism Flashcards

1
Q

What does Sindhu refer to?

A

Indus River

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2
Q

what practices and beliefs was Hinduism derived from?

A

Indus valley civilization and Aryans

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3
Q

three connections between the IVC and modern Hinduism

A
  1. Shiva
    2.Yoga
  2. Goddess Shakti
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4
Q

who were the Aryans

A

they came from Kazakhstan and entered India

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5
Q

what language is associated with Aryans

A

Shanskrit

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6
Q

two connections between modern Hinduism and Aryan religion

A
  1. Caste System
  2. Vedas
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7
Q

how was Hinduism created

A

By multiple religions that came through India

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8
Q

How do Hindus see time

A

the believe that time is cyclical

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9
Q

Maha Yuga

A

This is the cycle of creation. it literally means “Great Age”

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10
Q

The story of Brahma and Saraswati

A

The creator God Brahma and Saraswati (Goddess of knowledge).
Brahma was lonely, he created Saraswati out of his own form. Saraswati was beautiful and intriguing. So to see her all the time he gives himself a 5 heads to always see her. They have sexual intercourse which creates the plants and animals and the world.

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11
Q

Samsara

A

means “wandering” it is a process of reincarnation

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12
Q

what types of beings can a soul be reborn?

A

as a human, animal, demon, lesser god

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13
Q

What is Karma

A

every intentional action committed by human will produce a karmic seed. these seeds will influence a persons current or future life.

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14
Q

Puruasha

A

Cosmic Being

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15
Q

dharma

A

duties

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16
Q

Caste System or Varnas?

A

Brahmins
Kshatriyas
Vaishyas
Shudras
Dalits

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17
Q

Brahmins

A

highest varna, they are the priests and they emerged from Purushas head. Their dharmas are conduct religious rituals and teach Vedas

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18
Q

Kshatriyas

A

the second highest Varna. they are the ruling class (rulers and warriors) and they emerged from Purusha’s torso. Their dharmas are the economy so reading the Vedas

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19
Q

Vaishyas

A

third Varna, they are the mercantile class so like farmers, merchants. they emerged from Purusha’s legs. their roles are the economy, read the Vedas

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20
Q

Shudras

A

the lowest Varna, they are the servants, they emerged from Purusha’s feet. Dharmas is to serve.

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21
Q

Dalits

A

literally means scattered. they were called the “untouchable” their jobs were to clean the toilet, pick up garbage

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22
Q

what is the primary goal of Hinduism

A

to escape the cycle of samara via Moksha (liberation)

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23
Q

what does Vedas mean and what are they

A

it means Knowledge and are sacred texts

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24
Q

Rishis means

A

seers

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25
Q

sacred language

A

Sanskrit

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26
Q

Samhitas

A

are hymns that are in the Vedas

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27
Q

Agni

A

God of fire and sacrifice

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28
Q

what do Agni’s two heads represent

A

the dualistic nature of fire; it fights and ignites

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29
Q

what types of things do Hindus sacrifice?

A

oil, milk, butter, rice

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30
Q

Upanishads

A

“sitting down near”
they are Vedas that focus on philosophy and meditation techniques

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31
Q

an example of a Upanishads

A

father and son. Son thinks he is all knowing but the father teaches him the unknown.

32
Q

brahman

A

indefinable, impersonal, eternal principle behind everything

33
Q

How can Hindus be monotheistic

A

they believe all Gods (shiva, shakti, Agni) are different representation of Brahman

34
Q

Atman

A

the soul

35
Q

Shankara’s life

A
  • miracle child
    -wants to become a religious hermit
    -parents said no
    -almost died by a crocodile
    -parents said yes he can be a hermit
36
Q

what does Shankara claim

A

that each one of us is a Brahman deep down inside of us

37
Q

Shankara interpret the phrase “Thou art That”? Namely

A

We are Brahman. My Atman is everyone’s atman

38
Q

when does the student stage begin

A

when the boy/girl reaches puberty

39
Q

what is the student stage ceremony

A

Shave their head, saffron robe, walking stick, bagging bowl, sacred thread (rebirth), wear earrings, for better hear that sacred syllable of om

40
Q

what does the sacred thread from the student stage ceremony represent

A

Rebirth from childhood to adulthood

41
Q

gurus

A

teachers

42
Q

four life stages

A

student householder, retiree, renouncer

43
Q

how does the stage of householder begin

A

wedding ceremony, arranged by parents picked bc of Varnas and astrology

44
Q

artha

A

wealth

45
Q

kama

A

love and desire

46
Q

Kama Sutra

A

Book of Desire

47
Q

sati

A

a widow

48
Q

when does the stage of a retiree begin

A

the birth of a grandchild

49
Q

how is retiree practiced

A

once you retire, you give your inheritance to your children and move to a smaller apartment

50
Q

what are hindu renouncers called

A

Samnyasians

51
Q

what are samnyasians primary goal

A

die to the world and focus on the spiritual world by doing rituals to renounce their family, friends and possessions.

52
Q

what happens after death

A

cremation

53
Q

Do Samnayasins get cremated

A

no they are buried because their soul has reached spiritual liberation

54
Q

smrti

A

texts that full under epics, they are divinely inspired. like stories

55
Q

Ramayana

A

it is an epic, it means “journey of Rama”

56
Q

what competition did Rama do to have Sita?

A

In order to win Sita’s hand in marriage you have to string a giant bow. There is multiple men who are trying to do so. Rama is able to string it and breaks it he’s so strong.

57
Q

Hanuman

A

Monkey God a shape shifter

58
Q

Bhagavad Gita

A

“Song of the Lord”

59
Q

Yoga

A

“pathway to moksha”

60
Q

three types of yoga

A

Jhana, Karma, Bhakti

61
Q

who practiced Jhana yoga

A

Adi Shankara

61
Q

Bhakti yoga

A

most popular, where humans share in the lives of the Gods through love and devotion. worship

62
Q

Jhana

A

“knowledge” and they study books, like Vedas and mediate on the Vedas

63
Q

five actions associated with worship (pooja)

A
  1. offering to statue
  2. bow in front of it
  3. bathe the statue
  4. burn incense
  5. only brahmin perform this
63
Q

Karma yoga

A

means performing one’s dharmas without considering the karmic consequences

64
Q

shiva

A

God of destruction

65
Q

what is Shiva dressed like?

A

a Samnyasin

66
Q

Shiva is associated with several different symbols

A

snake, two-headed drum, trident, she has dreadlocks

67
Q

Khumb Mela

A

a Hindu festival that occurs every twelve years on the banks of a sacred river because Shankada said too.

68
Q

Parvati

A

Goddess of love and Beauty, Shivas wife

69
Q

Ganesh

A

son of Parvati and Shiva, he is the God of Intelligence.

70
Q

Shakti

A

Great Goddess

71
Q

shakti appears in many forms including Kali. What does she looks?

A

Women with very long tongue dripping with blood, long hair, necklace of severed heads, all black, has a bloody knife thingy

72
Q

Kali represents what?

A

inevitability remover of obstacles

73
Q

Vishnu

A

God of preservation

74
Q
A

Hinduism (1 decks)

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