highlighted vocab 1

Question 1

algonquian

Answer 1

group of native tribes that interacted with the settlers at Jamestown, specifically the Powhatan

Question 2

anasazi

Answer 2

southwest, pueblo cliff homes, four corners of utah, new mexico, colorado and arizona

Question 3

ancestral pueblo

Answer 3

southwest four corners region, aka the anasazi

Question 4

asiento system

Answer 4

when the natives were all dying off, the spanish used this system to import african slaves, which they had to pay a tax to the king for each slave

Question 5

aztecs

Answer 5

controlled present day mexico until hernan cortez conquered them in 1521, trade/tribute systems and lots of human sacrifice

Question 6

Bartolome de Las Casa

Answer 6

argued for the natives rights and said they shouldnt be enslaved

Question 7

catholic counter reformation

Answer 7

happened in response to the protestant reformation

Question 8

christopher columbus

Answer 8

sailed in 1492 for spain and landed in the new world

Question 9

church of england

Answer 9

anglican church, king was the head

Question 10

columbian exchange

Answer 10

exchange of crops, items and diseases from the new to old world. also incorporated the triangular trade

Question 11

conquistadores

Answer 11

general term for any spanish explorer looking to conquer land

Question 12

corn

Answer 12

natives main staple crop (maize), corn and other new world crops increased peasant populations in the old world

Question 13

Disease

Answer 13

diseases like smallpox killed off large masses of native populations

Question 14

encomienda system

Answer 14

system by which the spanish enslaved the natives, each native was assigned to an owner for a certain period of time, usually onky a couple weeks

Question 15

extended family

Answer 15

extension of a nuclear family, ex. aunts and cousins

Question 16

Francisco Pizarro

Answer 16

spainard who conquered the Incas in 1532

Question 17

Henry Hudson

Answer 17

englishman who sailed for the dutch and discovered the Hudson River in “new netherland”

Question 18

henry the navigator

Answer 18

portugese prince who was trying to find a passage around africa to asia

Question 19

Hernan Cortes

Answer 19

conquered the aztecs

Question 20

hohokam

Answer 20

ancient civilization in the southwest that had irrigation systems and were mound builders

Question 21

horses

Answer 21

allowed natives to be highly mobile and hunt buffalo in the great plains

Question 22

Iroquois Confederacy

Answer 22

group of 5 individual tribes in modern day Ohio, used the 3 sister farming method of squah, beans and maize

Question 23

Jacques Cartier

Answer 23

french sailor who explorer the st lawrence river looking for a waterway from america to asia (didnt find one) and opened the region up to colonization for the french

Question 24

John Cabot

Answer 24

explored the NE coast and claimed Novia Scotia, Newfoundland, and the Great Banks for England

Question 25

juan gines de sulpveda

Answer 25

argued that the natives should be enslaved

Question 26

land bridge

Answer 26

explanation for how natives split up into different groups and dialects

Question 27

Mali

Answer 27

empire in west africa whos main city was timbuktu

Question 28

mesoamerica

Answer 28

region of the americas ranging from around Mexico to Honduras&Nicuragua that many pre-columbian cultures flourished

Question 29

mestizo

Answer 29

native and european mix

Question 30

new slavery

Answer 30

north american slavery that started with the portugese

Question 31

poverty point

Answer 31

native american trade center near the mississippi and ohio river valleys

Question 32

predestination

Answer 32

calvinist notion that some people are already saved and some already damned

Question 33

primogeniture

Answer 33

law that first born english sons inherit the land, cause for the other sons to want to explore the new world

Question 34

protestant reformation

Answer 34

ended legal trade between the colonies and england

Question 35

puritans

Answer 35

mayflower pilgrims escaping the anglican church

Question 36

reciprocity

Answer 36

idea of exchanging mutually beneficial items

Question 37

roanoke island

Answer 37

first english settlement that was lost

Question 38

Spanish Mission System

Answer 38

chain of missions estalbished by Franciscan monks in the Spanish Southwest and California that forced Indians to convert to Catholicism and work as agricultural laborers

Question 39

St Augustine

Answer 39

first continually occupied city in the US

Question 40

sugar

Answer 40

portugese sugar plantations in the carribean

Question 41

three sister farming

Answer 41

used by the iroqouis, maize squash and beans nourish each other

Question 42

treaty of tordesillas

Answer 42

agreement between portugal and spain that land west to a line in the atlantic ocean would be spains and those to the east would be portugals

Question 43

valladolid debate

Answer 43

debate about the treatment and enslavement of natives between Bartolome de Las Casa and Juans Gines de Sepulveda

Question 44

Wampum

Answer 44

symbolic “words” of sympathy, first used by Hiawatha of the Onondaga tribe. Later they were used to honor treaties and historical events. In colonial North America, it was used as currency while trading with Native Americans.

Question 45

woodland mound builders

Answer 45

Ohio and mississippi, mound buliding cultures that buried their dead in huge mounds