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Miscellaneous MCQ > High yield MCQ stuff > Flashcards

High yield MCQ stuff Flashcards

1
Q

Effect of divorce on chilren

A

From memory:
most have problems early
most adjust eventually, takes 3-5 years
child’s age and how parents get a long are importan

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2
Q

Kubler Ross stages of grief

A

DABDA

  1. Denial
  2. Anger
  3. Bargaining
  4. Depression
  5. Acceptance
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3
Q

Tx of sleep DO

A

Cataplexy: 1st line: sodium oxybate, 2nd TCA s esp clomipraine
Sleep paralysis and hypnagogoc Hal: TCA, SSRIS, venlafaxine
enuresis: TCA
Sleep attacks:modafinil
rem sleep behaviour DO: clonazepam

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4
Q

Erikson’s stages

A
  1. trust vs mistrust: 0-18 m. Virtue: hope
  2. autonomy vs shame and doubt: 18m-3 yrs. will
  3. initiative vs guilt: 3-5. purpose
  4. industry vs inferiority: 5-13. competence
  5. identity vs role confusion: 13-21. fidelity
  6. intimacy vs isolation: 21-40. love
  7. generativity vs stagnation: 40-60. care
  8. integrity vs despair: 60-death. aisdome
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5
Q

mirtazapine actions

A

blocks: H1, Ser 2, 3, alpha 2, increases NA

from memory

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6
Q

PKU

A

AR, purine metabolism

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7
Q

lech nyhan

A

X linked recessive?

hyperuricemia, self mutilation , MR

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8
Q

benzo conversion

A

1 Xanax=10 of diazepam?

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9
Q

Prader willi

A

chromosome 15, dleletion, paternal

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10
Q

compare conversion and malingering

A

-

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11
Q

compare depression and grief

A

-

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12
Q

turner’s syndrome

A

XO

no MR

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13
Q

thomas and Chess temperaments

A

IRAQ TAAAD

approach/withdrawal (response to new situations)
adaptability (to change)
activity level (time spent in activities)
attention span
distractibility
intensity (energy level)
threshold responsiveness (intensity required to get response)
quality of mood
rythmnicity (regulation of functions)

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14
Q

mahler

A 
ASD PRO
autism
symbiosis
differentiation
practicing
rapprochement
object constancy
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15
Q

GAF for:
SI
delusions, Hal
suicide attemtp

A

41-50
21-30
11-20

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16
Q

stages of change: Prochasca

A 
pre-contemplation
contemplation
preparation/determination
action
maintenance
relapse prevention
17
Q

motivational intrerviewing

A 
DEARS
develop discrepancy
express empathy
avoid arguments
roll with resistance
support self effciacy
18
Q

Cloninger’s 2 types of alcoholism

A

Type 1= milieu limited: female, over 25, environmental, passive avoidance, harm avoidance low noverly seeking

Type 2=male limited: early onset, male, more criminal activity, high novelty seeking

19
Q

tx of other impulse control DO

A

i. kleptomania: serotonergic antidepressants
ii. pyromania: anticonvulsants (limited data)
iii. pathological gambling: antidepressants due to link with affective disorders (limited data)
iv. intermittent explosive disorders: carbamazepine, lithium, propranolol, serotonin selective medications (buspirone and SSRIs)
v. paraphilias: antiandrogen medications (medroxyprogesterone and cyproterone), chemical castration (leuprolide, triptorelin), oral estrogen, clomipramine and SSRIs

20
Q

dementia pracox coinedby?

A

Kraeplin

21
Q

double bind theory

A

bateson

22
Q

poor prognosis in schiz

A 
early onset
lack of precipitating factors
insidious onset
poor premorbid function
withdrawn, autistic behavior
single, divorced, or widowed
family history of schizophrenia
poor support systems
negative symptoms
neurological signs / symptoms
history of perinatal trauma
no remissions in three years
many relapses
history of assaultiveness
23
Q

good prognosis in schiz

A 
late onset
precipitating factors
acute onset
good premorbid function
mood disorder symptoms
Married
Family history of mood disorder
good support systems
positive symptoms
and apparently having an Ok twin
24
Q

RF for paranoid PPD

A

minorities
immigrants (like Delusionall DO)
deaf like delusional DO)
(compare to delusional DO RF)

• Does not tend to run in families (unlike delusional DO)
but can have family hx of schizophrenia.
• Men>women (unlike delusional DO)

25
Q

MR

A 
DSM-IV had IQ cut-offs for MR:
50-55 to 70			Mild
35-40 to 50-55		Moderate
20-25 to 35-40		Severe
Below 20-25			Profound
26
Q

prevalence of delusional DO

Paranoid PS

A
  1. 025 (females more)

0. 5-2.5 (men more than women)

27
Q

delusional DO facts

A 
0.025
more women
holds true
no relation to mood DO and schiz
good functioning
starts in 40s usually
can have premorbid paranpoid PD traits?
RF: advanced age
sensory imparement
isolation
family Hx (but no fam Hx of schizophrenia)
personality features
recent immigration
28
Q

ED criteria for admission

A

This is from memory:
Temperature below 36C
Pulse below 40 (near 40 in child, 50 inMCQs) or over 110
Postural changes (increasein HR by 20 BPM, or decrease in BP by 20)
BP< 90/60 (lower accepted in children

29
Q

BDD CB

A

• Likely to be unmarried, history of MDE (90%), anxiety (70%), psychosis (30%)

30
Q

Porphyria

A 
Acute Intermittent Porphyria:
•	Autosomal dominant metabolic disirder
•	Problem in heme production
•	Second most common porphyria (1st is cutanea tarda)
•	95% of people have abdominal pain
•	Urinary symptoms (dysuria, dark urine)
•	Peripheral neuropathy
•	Proximal motor weakness
•	Sympathetic nervous symptoms (circulating catecholamines are increased) 
•	Hyponatremia can occur due to SIADH
31
Q

Expressive language DO

A

Expressive Language Disorder
K&S p. 1175
• Selective deficit in expressive language development relative to receptive skills and nonverbal intelligence
• In IQ testing verbal level may appear depressed compared to IQ
• Below expected levels of vocabulary, tense usage, sentence construction, and word recall
• Often present as younger than age
• Can be developmental (majority) or acquired; usually congenital without an obvious cause
• Expressive deficits often occur without receptive, though receptive dysfunction often causes expressive problems
• Two to three times more common in boys, and children with fam history of communication issues
• High comorbidities:
o ADHD (19%)
o Anxiety Disorder (10%)
o ODD and CD (7%)
o Higher risk for speech disorder, receptive d/o, learning d/o
o Associated with reading d/o, developmental coordination d/o
o Other communication d/o
• Delayed motor skills and enuresis are common
• Soft neuro signs, depressed vestibular response, EEG abnormalities
Boys with severe behaviour issues have high levels of undiagnosed language dysfunction
• 50% of children with mild difficulties recover spontaneously without signs of impairment. Children with more sever impairment may continue to display features.

32
Q

Tourette’s Disorder

A

Tourette’s Disorder
K&S p. 1235
-Motor component usually emerges by age 7, while vocal by age 11.
-M:F = 3:1
-Natural history is a reduction or complete resolution by adolescence
-Initially occur in face and neck and over time travel downwards
-Up to 50% have ADHD (appears before tics) and 40% OCD (after tics)
-OCD is more common in high IQ, and tends to be more symmetry/counting/repetition
-Head and neck is most common area. Most frequent initial symptom is eye-blink, then head tic or facial grimace.
-Corporlalia occurs in 1/3 of patients, often in adolescence
-Older children, ados, and adults often report a “premonitory urge” (unpleasant sensation)

33
Q

Disulfiram precautions

A

metronidazole
alcohol in perfumes
high impulsivity, likely to drink while using it, history of psychosis, DM, epilepsy, hepatic dysfunction hypothyroid, renal impairment, rubber contact dermatitis

34
Q

Tests for:

Information processing speed
motor dexterity
Language
Executive functions

A

Information-processing speed

WAIS-R or WAIS-III Digit Symbol: rapid graphomotor tracking

Trailmaking Part A: rapid graphomotor tracking

Stroop A and B: rapid word reading and color naming


Motor dexterity

Finger tapping: right and left index finger dexterity


Language

Boston Naming Test: word retrieval


Executive functions

Trailmaking Part B: rapid alternation between tasks

Stroop C: inhibition of an overlearned response

Wisconsin Card Sorting Test: categorization and mental flexibility

Verbal fluency : rapid word generation

Design fluency: rapid generation of novel designs

35
Q

biological RF for CD

A
  • Low levels of dopamine beta hydroxylase (converts DA to NE)
  • High blood serotinin, low CSF 5HIAA
  • Greater right frontal EEG activity at rest
36
Q

reward in the brain?

A

VTA

nucleus accumbens

37
Q

part of DA system?

A

sunstantia nigra
nucleus accumbens
subthalamic nucleus?

apparently not raphe nucleus

38
Q

tuberous sclerosis

A

second most common of the neurocutaneous syndromes (behind neurofibromatosis which is also AD)

  • Autosomal dominant – 2/3 of cases are sporadic
  • mental retardation in 2/3rds of affected people
  • seizures, adenoma sebaceum and ash-leaf spots, adenomas in ventricles
39
Q

HIV psychiatry

A

MOst common dx: adjustment DO
depression slightly higher than gen pop, less specific sx, increases with progression to AIDS
mania same as gen pop in asymptomatic HIV (10 times)

Miscellaneous MCQ (1 decks)

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